Ant-fungus Interactions: Laboulbenia camponoti Batra in Italy and a New Host for L. formicarum Thaxter (Fungi: Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales)

One Laboulbenia species is added to the checklist of Italian fungi. Laboulbenia camponoti was detected on the ant Camponotus aethiops. Additionally, L. formicarum was found on a new host (Lasius niger) in France. An updated map of world distribution for the two Laboulbenia is presented. Based on present knowledge, L. camponoti shows a much higher structural and phylogenetic host specificity than L. formicarum

First Record of an Epizoic Laboulbenia (Fungi: Laboulbeniales) on Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Africa

The first ant-Laboulbenial interaction in Africa is recorded. The fungus Laboulbenia camponoti Batra was detected over the body of workers Camponotus oasium Forel collected in Senegal. This is a huge range extension of its Eurasian previously known distribution. We present the updated global database for L. camponoti

Proyecto de desarrollo productivo del sector Apicola en los departamentos de Cabañas y Cuscatlan.

Metodológia de la investigación -- Apicultura -- Diagnostico de la cadena de valor especifica -- Propuesta del plan de negocios

Diseño y desarrollo de un aplicativo web para promover la comercialización de los productos de la asociación agropecuaria y ambiental santa rosa del municipio de Tocaima para el año 2022

El propósito del presente proyecto es el desarrollo de un aplicativo web para promover la comercialización de los productos de la Asociación Agropecuaria y Ambiental del municipio de Tocaima, para esto se realiza una breve investigación que abarca la problemática por la cual pasa la asociación, los objetivos necesarios para solucionar dicho problema, la justificación del por qué es necesario un aplicativo web para la asociación, el alcance y limitaciones que debe tener el proyecto y el diseño metodológico de la investigación. Una vez realizada la investigación, se debe elegir qué metodología de desarrollo es la más adecuada para el desarrollo del aplicativo, así como la definición de los requerimientos que este debe tener y los distintos diagramas que ayudan a entender la estructura y diseño del aplicativo web. De igual manera, es necesario realizar los diferentes estudios para el análisis de la factibilidad del proyecto y un análisis de riesgo para prevenir cualquier acontecimiento que pueda poner en peligro la finalización del proyecto

Optimal Management of an Energy Community with PV and Battery-Energy-Storage Systems

Most of current prosumer-energy-management approaches are focused on economic optimization by self-consumption maximization. Nevertheless, a lack of energy management strategies (EMS) that tackle different interaction possibilities among community-clustered solar plus battery prosumers has been detected. Furthermore, such active prosumer EMS may include participation in ancillary service markets such as automatic frequency restoration reserves (aFRR) through an optimized battery-energy storage-system (BESS) operation, as well as incorporating community-level energy management. In this study, an optimal EMS that includes aggregated aFRR-market participation of five solar plus battery prosumers participating in an energy community (EC), with the aim of reducing total costs of ownership for each individual prosumer is proposed. For its validation, different scenarios have been analyzed. The results show that the proposed EMS allows a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) reduction for all community members with respect to the base-case scenario. Moreover, the most profitable scenario for all prosumers is still the only PV.This work is financially supported by the Basque Government under the Grant IT1647-22 (ELEKTRIKER research group), and by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, the Agencia Estatal de Investigación and the European Union under the Grant TED2021-129930A-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”

Programa educativo, basado en el modelo de promoción de la salud, para mejorar el nivel de conocimiento sobre lactancia materna exclusiva en madres primerizas del Centro de Salud Mochumí- 2012

La Lactancia Materna Exclusiva es un proceso fundamental para la salud y desarrollo de todos los niños, sin embargo, no se ha logrado mantenerse en el periodo recomendado, El presente trabajo de investigación titulada “programa educativo basado el en modelo de promoción de la salud para mejorar el nivel de conocimiento sobre lactancia materna exclusiva en madres primerizas del centro de salud Mochumi-2012, estuvo guiada por el paradigma cuantitativo teniendo como objetivo determinar la influencia de un programa educativo para mejorar el nivel de conocimiento sobre lactancia materna exclusiva en madres primerizas del centro de salud Mochumi-2012. El diseño pre experimental donde se usó pre y post prueba con un solo grupo, se tuvo como tratamiento pre experimental la aplicación de un programa educativo sobre lactancia materna exclusiva en madres primerizas, Se evaluaron a 40 madres primerizas, a través de una encuesta tipo cuestionario. Se hizo una primera medición donde los resultados revelaron que el 82.5 % de las madres primerizas tienen un nivel de conocimiento “deficiente”, mientras que el 17.5% tiene un nivel de conocimiento “regular”, posteriormente se aplicó el programa educativo, donde se realizó una segunda medición y se obtuvo que el 85% de las madres primerizas tienen un nivel de conocimiento “muy bueno”, mientras que 12.5% tiene un nivel de conocimiento “bueno” así mismo el 2.5% tienen un nivel de conocimiento “regular”, concluyendo que el programa educativo mejoró el nivel de conocimientos sobre lactancia materna exclusiva en las madres primerizas que asisten al centro de salud Mochumi.Tesi

Neuroanatomical evidence of the transport of the rabies virus through the propriospinal tract in the spinal cord of mice

Introduction: Information about the neuroanatomical details of the ascendant transport of the rabies virus through the spinal cord is scarce. Objective: To identify the neuroanatomical route of dissemination of the rabies virus at each of the levels of the spinal cord of mice after being inoculated intramuscularly. Materials and methods: Mice were inoculated with the rabies virus in the hamstrings. After 24 hours post-inoculation, every eight hours, five animals were sacrificed by perfusion with paraformaldehyde. Then, the spinal cord was removed, and transverse cuts were made at the lumbosacral, thoracic, and cervical levels. These were processed by immunohistochemistry for the detection of viral antigens. Results: The first antigens of rabies were observed as aggregated particles in the lumbar spinal cord at 24 hours post-inoculation, within the ventral horn in the same side of the inoculated limb. At 32 hours post inoculation the first motoneurons immunoreactive to the virus became visible. At 40 hours postinoculation the first immunoreactive neurons were revealed in the thoracic level, located on lamina 8 and at 48 hours post-inoculation in the cervical cord, also on lamina 8. At 56 hours post-inoculation the virus had spread throughout the spinal cord, but the animals still did not show signs of the disease. Conclusion: In the mouse model we used, the rabies virus entered the spinal cord through the motoneurons and probably used the descending propriospinal pathway for its retrograde axonal transport to the encephalus

Furfuryl alcohol production by liquid phase catalytic transfer hydrogenation of furfural on alumina as Lewis acid catalyst

Currently, much attention is being paid to the development of efficient and environmentally friendly technologies for the sustainable production of energy, fuels and chemicals [1]. In this context, lignocellulosic biomass appears as a renewable alternative feedstock to fossil resources. Thus, dehydration of C5 carbohydrates leads to furfural (FUR), a versatile platform molecule for the synthesis of a large spectrum of chemicals. Among them, the most important is furfuryl alcohol (FOL), accounting for 65% of FUR production, which finds application in the preparation of resins used as high-quality cores and molds for metal casting, reactive solvent for phenolic resins in the refractory industry, chemical building block for the synthesis of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and pharmaceuticals and manufacture of fragrances [2,3]. FOL is prepared industrially by the catalytic hydrogenation of furfural, which can be carried out in vapor or liquid-phases, being the former in the presence of copper chromite the preferred industrial route. However, other products such as 2-methylfuran, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran can result from furfural hydrogenation, besides furan and THF, different pentanediols, 2-pentanone and 2-pentanol, cyclopentanone and cyclopentanol. The selectivity pattern depends strongly on reaction conditions and on the nature of the catalyst used. Nevertheless, a synthetic approach based on the catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH), based on the Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reduction of an aldehyde (or ketone) coupled to the oxidation of a secondary alcohol, has been also proposed, which does not require supply of external hydrogen and the alcohol can be chosen in order to produce an aldehyde or ketone with industrial applications [4,5]. The present contribution deals with the production of FOL from furfural by CTH, using different commercial aluminas as catalysts and a secondary alcohol as hydrogen donor, in liquid phase. The results have demonstrated that the formation of other by-products is minimized and FOL is produced in high yield, at temperatures ranging between 90 and 150ºC, by using 2-propanol. Thus, full conversion of furfural and a FOL selectivity higher than 90 mol% are attained after only 2 h, at 150ºC, a FUR concentration of 0.25 M in 2-propanol and a catalyst/FUR weight ratio of 1:1 (Fig. 1). A reaction mechanism, involving Lewis acid sites present on the alumina surface in the activation of FUR and 2-propanol, has been put forward. Different experimental parameters (FUR concentration, reaction temperature, catalyst loading, type of alumina and nature of alcohol) have been optimized in order to achieve suitable FOL yields. Moreover, reutilization has been evaluated to support the advantage of the heterogeneous catalytic process which allows the reuse of the solid catalyst. Finally, and considering that dehydration of xylose to furfural is accomplished in the presence of solid acid catalysts, the one-pot synthesis of FOL from xylose has been undertaken by tuning selected experimental variables.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Photovoltaic Local Energy Communities—Design of New Energy Exchange Modalities—Case Study: Tolosa

Energy communities (ECs) can become a potential alternative to promote the fight against climate change. Technological progress and price reductions in recent years have made renewable energy-generation systems increasingly affordable and have generated economic benefits by reducing the value of electricity bills for community members, as well as reducing the growing environmental impact. In this context, the authors have taken Tolosa as a case study and conducted a technical and economic analysis of different possible structures of ECs (physical, virtual, with or without storage, participants with different types of consumption, etc.) by comparing them with each other. The generation capacity of the community and the optimal energy-management algorithms have been illustrated, from which the economic benefits for each member are extracted. A dynamic distribution factor is established as the basis of the algorithms, making the benefits fairer. The results obtained from this work, in addition to illustrating the economic benefits that each type of participant can receive, help to define the most appropriate community structure for each participant while highlighting the social and climate benefits that ECs can provide.This work is financially supported by the Basque Government under Grant IT1647-22 (ELEKTRIKER research group), and by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, the Agencia Estatal de Investigación. and the European Union under Grant TED2021-129930A-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”

A New Methodology to Manage FPGA Distributed Memory Content via Bitstream for Xilinx ZYNQ Devices

This paper proposes a methodology to access data and manage the content of distributed memories in FPGA designs through the configuration bitstream. Thanks to the methods proposed, it is possible to read and write the data content of registers without using the in/out ports of registers in a straightforward fashion. Hence, it offers the possibility of performing several operations, such as, to load, copy or compare the information stored in registers without the necessity of physical interconnections. This work includes two flows that simplify the designing process when using the proposed approach: while the first enables the protection or unprotection of writing on different partial regions through the bitstream, the second permits homogeneous instances of a design implemented in different reconfigurable regions to be obtained without losing efficiency. The approach is based and has been physically validated on the ZYNQ from Xilinx, and when using partially reconfigurable designs, it does not affect the hardware overhead nor the maximum operating frequency of the design.This work has been supported, within the fund for research groups of the Basque university system IT1440-22, by the Department of Education and, within PILAR ZE-2020/00022 and COMMUTE ZE-2021/00931 projects, by the Hazitek program, both of the Basque Government; the latter also by the Ministerio de Ciencia Innovación of Spain through the Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (CDTI) within the projects IDI-20201264 and IDI-20220543, and through the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional 2014–2020 (FEDER funds)