POLUIÇÃO POR RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS NO BAIXO SÃO FRANCISCO, NORDESTE DO BRASIL

A grandiosidade do rio São Francisco sempre despertou no ribeirinho a errônea ideia de que suas águas seriam capazes de absorver tudo o que é descartado em suas águas. Atualmente, o despejo inadequado do resíduo sólido é um dos grandes problemas mundiais. A presença de resíduos sólidos no Baixo São Francisco é abordada utilizando técnicas de censos visuais e o mergulho livre. O presente trabalho fornece informações das margens do rio nas orlas histórica de Penedo (AL) e portuária de Néopolis (SE), além da Praia do Pontal do Peba, Piaçabuçu (AL), próxima a foz do rio, com a finalidade de analisar quali-quantitativamente os resíduos sólidos presentes, assim como a percepção dos ribeirinhos sobre o problema. Para a análise quali quantitativa, realizou-se a coleta do lixo em 30 transectos, 30x2 m², paralelos às margens. O lixo foi recolhido e classificado em 11 categorias (garrafas plásticas, embalagens plásticas, vidros, metais, tecidos, materiais de pesca, madeira manufaturada, borrachas, isopor, espumas e papel) e pesado. Foram recolhidos 103,4 Kg de resíduos sólidos, sendo 59,6 Kg na praia do Pontal do Peba, 33,2 Kg na orla do centro histórico de Penedo e 30,6 Kg nas proximidades do porto de Neópolis. Dentre estas categorias, os resíduos plásticos dominaram. Para análise da percepção, foram aplicados 30 questionários em cada localidade, onde foi observado que acidentes envolvendo o lixo são comuns, que os ribeirinhos consideram o rio poluído e que são responsáveis pela presença dos resíduos sólidos, apontando a educação ambiental como a principal saída para minimizar o problema

Third brazilian consensus for autoantIbodies screening in HEp-2 Cells : historical perspectve, quality control and clinical associatons

O III Consenso Brasileiro para Pesquisa de Autoanticorpos em Células HEp-2 (FAN) objetivou discutir estratégias para controlar a qualidade do ensaio, promover a atualização das associações clínicas dos diversos padrões e avaliar as difculdades de implantação do II Consenso ocorrido no ano de 2002. Métodos: Nos dias 13 e 14 de abril de 2007 participaram do encontro em Goiânia pesquisadores e especialistas de diversos centros universitários e laboratórios clínicos de diferentes regiões do Brasil, com o propósito de discutir e aprovar as recomendações que visam a melhores padronização, interpretação e utilização do ensaio pelos clínicos. Foram convidados como ouvintes representantes comerciais de diferentes empresas produtoras de insumos para realização do teste de FAN. Resultados e conclusão: Dada a heterogeneidade de microscópios e reagentes disponíveis no mercado, o III Consenso enfatizou a necessidade do controle de qualidade em ensaios de imunofuorescência indireta. Foram também feitas algumas adequações na terminologia utilizada para classifcar os diferentes padrões. Finalmente, foi realizada uma atualização das associações clínicas com fnalidade de facilitar cada vez mais o melhor uso do ensaio pelos clínicos. _________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe Third Brazilian Consensus for Autoantibodies Screening in HEp-2 Cells (ANA) had as purpose the evaluation of diffculties in the accomplishment of the 2nd Consensus recommendations that took place in the year of 2002, the discussion of strategies for quality control of the assay and the discussion of an update of the clinical associations of the several immunofuorescent patterns. Methods: Several ANA experts from university centers and private laboratories in different areas in Brazil joined the workshop in Goiânia on 2007 April 13 and 14 with the purpose of discussing and approving the recommendations for standardization, interpretation and use of the test by physicians. Commercial representatives of different ANA slide brands were also invited as listeners to the workshop. Results and conclusion: The 3rd ANA Consensus emphasized the need for quality control in indirect immunofuorescent assays since there is a considerable heterogeneity of available microscopes and reagents. It also promoted adaptations in the previously approved terminology used to classify the different patterns and fnally updated the clinical associations of the several patterns with the purpose of providing guidance for interpretation of the assay by clinical pathologists and assistant physicians

Third Brazilian consensus for autoantibodies screening in HEp-2 cells (ANA) : recommendations for standardization of autoantibodies screening trial in HEp-2 cells, quality control and clinical associations

Objetivo: O 3º Consenso Brasileiro para pesquisa de autoanticorpos em Células HEp-2 (FAN) teve como propósito avaliar as dificuldades de implantação do 2º Consenso ocorrido no ano de 2002, discutir estratégias para controlar a qualidade do ensaio e promover a atualização das associações clínicas dos diversos padrões. Métodos: Participaram do encontro em Goiânia nos dias 13 e 14 de abril de 2008 pesquisadores e especialistas de diversos centros universitários e laboratórios clínicos de diferentes regiões do Brasil, com o propósito de discutir e aprovar as recomendações que visam à melhor padronização, interpretação e utilização do ensaio pelos clínicos. Representantes comerciais de diferentes empresas produtoras de insumos para realização do teste de FAN foram convidados como ouvintes. Resultados e Conclusões: O 3º Consenso enfatizou a necessidade do controle de qualidade em imunofluorescência dada a heterogeneidade de microscópios e reagentes disponíveis no mercado, promoveu adequações na terminologia utilizada para classificar os diferentes padrões e, finalmente, atualizou as associações clínicas com finalidade de facilitar cada vez mais o melhor uso do ensaio pelos clínicos. ________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTObjective: The Third Brazilian Consensus for autoantibodies Screening in HEp-2 cells had as purpose the evaluation of difficulties in the accomplishment of the 2nd Consensus recommendations that took place in the year of 2002, the discussion of strategies for quality control of the assay and the promotion of an update of the clinical associations of the several immunofluorescent patterns. Methods: Several ANA experts from university centers and private laboratories in different areas in Brazil joined the workshop in Goiânia on 2008 April 13 and 14 with the purpose of discussing and approving the recommendations for standardization, interpretation and use of the test by physicians. Commercial representatives of different ANA slide brands were also invited as listeners to the workshop. Results and Conclusions: The 3rd Consensus emphasized the need for quality control in indirect immunofluorescent since there is a considerable heterogeneity of available microscopes and reagents. It also promoted adaptations in the previously approved terminology used to classify the different patterns and finally updated the clinical associations of the several patterns with the purpose of providing guidance for interpretation of the assay by clinical pathologists and assistant physicians

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

First record of Aplatophis chauliodus (Actinopterygii: Ophichthidae) for the northeatern coast of Brazil, with expansion of its geographic range

The presence of Aplatophis chauliodus in the northeastern coast of Brazil (Western Atlantic Ocean) is recorded for first time on the basis of one specimen measuring 670,0 mm in total length collected in Todos os Santos Bay (Bahia state), a site with estuarine characteristics

First record of Brotula barbata (Bloch, 1801) (Actinopterygii, Ophidiidae) at coast of Bahia State, Brazil (Western Atlantic Ocean)

The marine fauna of Bahia state (Brazil), which possess the country’s longest coastline, is little known, especially concerning the fishes. This paper presents the first record of Brotula barbata (Bloch, 1801) (Actinopterygii, Ophidiidae) for the Bahian coast, based on a specimen 482.0 mm in total length and 1.085kg, collected about 12°16’ S - 38°35’ W, at a depth of 234m. This species was previously know from Bermudas to the Pernambuco state (Brazil), and also from the Rio de Janeiro state (Brazil). The specimen is housed at the collection of Laboratório de Ictiologia, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, preserved in 70% alcohol. The species has been determined by the following combination of characters: presence of eight barbels in the snout and six barbels in the mento; body color brown, with a few scattered dark blotches and with the margins of the pectorals, dorsal, anal, and caudal fins blackish