Deep learning for face detection using matlab

This project report presents face detection using Convolutional Neural Network algorithm and Deep Learning combination (DCT / DL) throughout MATLAB simulation and modeling. It reveals that the research project has successfully managed to establish an accurate accurate human face detection and crystal-clear human face recognition systems. The system will annul the face image that are tilted, the images on non-human faces as well as the images of human faces that have watermarks. The test results on face tracking when the image has watermarks. Under this condition, it looks like the CNN and deep learning could not identify the image correctly and wrong result is showing for the second image. This indicates that there is a limitation for the CNN and deep learning algorithm. The disadvantage is, it cannot detects the watermark image, as this image is protected. This process will proceed to Convolutional Neural Network algorithm to identify the human face from a given image. If the image belongs to human features then there will be a tracking box marking clearly the appointed face with a yellow square. This marker will be clearly pointing and shaping a yellowish box of the appointed and selected face or image.The novelty of this research project is that the CNN and deep learning (CNN / DL) methods to trace, scan and detect the human face in a very successful and effective manners taking into account the following distinguished features: the face of the human facing to the front view and not tilted or the face does not make any angles unless angels within 5 to 10 degrees only. The face must not be hiding or nor recognizable or positioned on another object. The face must be real and is not printed on any object like wood or plastic. The water mark must not be printed on the face image picture, otherwise the CNN / DL will not recognize it as human face. The working of the algorithm depends on the deep learning where the system needs to learn the image, identify the faces and store the images into database. By creating a folder called image folder, it will be easy for the MATLAB access into the folder to find the images that content human face and none human face. High resolution for face detection was approximately 85%. The algorithm was able to distinguish between human and non-human faces. By doing this we saved a lot of time in almost half

Postoperative outcomes in oesophagectomy with trainee involvement

BACKGROUND: The complexity of oesophageal surgery and the significant risk of morbidity necessitates that oesophagectomy is predominantly performed by a consultant surgeon, or a senior trainee under their supervision. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of trainee involvement in oesophagectomy on postoperative outcomes in an international multicentre setting. METHODS: Data from the multicentre Oesophago-Gastric Anastomosis Study Group (OGAA) cohort study were analysed, which comprised prospectively collected data from patients undergoing oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer between April 2018 and December 2018. Procedures were grouped by the level of trainee involvement, and univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to compare patient outcomes across groups. RESULTS: Of 2232 oesophagectomies from 137 centres in 41 countries, trainees were involved in 29.1 per cent of them (n = 650), performing only the abdominal phase in 230, only the chest and/or neck phases in 130, and all phases in 315 procedures. For procedures with a chest anastomosis, those with trainee involvement had similar 90-day mortality, complication and reoperation rates to consultant-performed oesophagectomies (P = 0.451, P = 0.318, and P = 0.382, respectively), while anastomotic leak rates were significantly lower in the trainee groups (P = 0.030). Procedures with a neck anastomosis had equivalent complication, anastomotic leak, and reoperation rates (P = 0.150, P = 0.430, and P = 0.632, respectively) in trainee-involved versus consultant-performed oesophagectomies, with significantly lower 90-day mortality in the trainee groups (P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: Trainee involvement was not found to be associated with significantly inferior postoperative outcomes for selected patients undergoing oesophagectomy. The results support continued supervised trainee involvement in oesophageal cancer surgery

Intraperitoneal drain placement and outcomes after elective colorectal surgery: international matched, prospective, cohort study

Despite current guidelines, intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery remains widespread. Drains were not associated with earlier detection of intraperitoneal collections, but were associated with prolonged hospital stay and increased risk of surgical-site infections.Background Many surgeons routinely place intraperitoneal drains after elective colorectal surgery. However, enhanced recovery after surgery guidelines recommend against their routine use owing to a lack of clear clinical benefit. This study aimed to describe international variation in intraperitoneal drain placement and the safety of this practice. Methods COMPASS (COMPlicAted intra-abdominal collectionS after colorectal Surgery) was a prospective, international, cohort study which enrolled consecutive adults undergoing elective colorectal surgery (February to March 2020). The primary outcome was the rate of intraperitoneal drain placement. Secondary outcomes included: rate and time to diagnosis of postoperative intraperitoneal collections; rate of surgical site infections (SSIs); time to discharge; and 30-day major postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo grade at least III). After propensity score matching, multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to estimate the independent association of the secondary outcomes with drain placement. Results Overall, 1805 patients from 22 countries were included (798 women, 44.2 per cent; median age 67.0 years). The drain insertion rate was 51.9 per cent (937 patients). After matching, drains were not associated with reduced rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79 to 2.23; P = 0.287) or earlier detection (hazard ratio (HR) 0.87, 0.33 to 2.31; P = 0.780) of collections. Although not associated with worse major postoperative complications (OR 1.09, 0.68 to 1.75; P = 0.709), drains were associated with delayed hospital discharge (HR 0.58, 0.52 to 0.66; P < 0.001) and an increased risk of SSIs (OR 2.47, 1.50 to 4.05; P < 0.001). Conclusion Intraperitoneal drain placement after elective colorectal surgery is not associated with earlier detection of postoperative collections, but prolongs hospital stay and increases SSI risk

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

UAV Initiative in University of Evry

National audienc

Cohabitation et conflits dans le Bilād al-Chām à l’époque ottomane: relations entre musulmans et chrétiens à travers les écrits des chroniqueurs et des voyageurs [coord. des actes du colloque]

International audienceÀ l’heure où l’avenir du Proche-Orient paraît incertain, sinon sombre, et avec lui celui des « minorités » historiques musulmanes et non musulmanes, un retour sur les fondements sociaux et la place de la religion dans les sociétés concernées, ainsi que de la gestion de la « cohabitation » et des conflits entre les groupes religieux et au sein de ces groupes dans la longue durée s’imposait. Vingt-six chercheurs ont entrepris d’interroger les écrits de chroniqueurs autochtones et de voyageurs occidentaux des XVII-XXe siècles afin de tenter d’apporter des éléments de réponse à ces questions.Ce volume regroupe les actes du colloque organisé par l'Université de Balamand, en collaboration avec l'Orient Institut de Beyrouth (IOB), l'Ifpo et l'Université Saint-Joseph, du 28 au 30 mais 2009 à Beyrouth (http://www.ifporient.org/node/384)

The Journey of Zanzibar’s Digitally Enabled Community Health Program to National Scale: Implementation Report

BackgroundWhile high-quality primary health care services can meet 80%-90% of health needs over a person’s lifetime, this potential is severely hindered in many low-resource countries by a constrained health care system. There is a growing consensus that effectively designed, resourced, and managed community health worker programs are a critical component of a well-functioning primary health system, and digital technology is recognized as an important enabler of health systems transformation. ObjectiveIn this implementation report, we describe the design and rollout of Zanzibar’s national, digitally enabled community health program–Jamii ni Afya. MethodsSince 2010, D-tree International has partnered with the Ministry of Health Zanzibar to pilot and generate evidence for a digitally enabled community health program, which was formally adopted and scaled nationally by the government in 2018. Community health workers use a mobile app that guides service delivery and data collection for home-based health services, resulting in comprehensive service delivery, access to real-time data, efficient management of resources, and continuous quality improvement. ResultsThe Zanzibar government has documented increases in the delivery of health facilities among pregnant women and reductions in stunting among children younger than 5 years since the community health program has scaled. Key success factors included starting with the health challenge and local context rather than the technology, usage of data for decision-making, and extensive collaboration with local and global partners and funders. Lessons learned include the significant time it takes to scale and institutionalize a digital health systems innovation due to the time to generate evidence, change opinions, and build capacity. ConclusionsJamii ni Afya represents one of the world’s first examples of a nationally scaled digitally enabled community health program. This implementation report outlines key successes and lessons learned, which may have applicability to other governments and partners working to sustainably strengthen primary health systems

Land at Banbury Road, Southam, Warwickshire. Archaeological Evaluation (OASIS ID: cotswold2-316306)

In September 2017, an archaeological evaluation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology of land at Banbury Road, Southam, Warwickshire. The work was undertaken to fulfil a condition attached to planning consent for residential development of up to 47 dwellings. The fieldwork comprised the excavation of five trenches. Interest in the site derives from its location within the hinterland of Southam, a medieval settlement which developed into a small light-industrial town during the 19th and 20th centuries. A previous geophysical survey of the site did not identify any anomalies of archaeological origin; however, geophysical survey to the immediate west identified a possible round house and length of ditch of probable Iron Age or Romano-British date. The evaluation has recorded evidence for archaeological features, concentrated in the western part of the site, comprising three linear ditches. No dateable material was recovered from these features, which may represent further components of the putative Iron Age/Romano-British settlement identified to the west, outside of the site. The evaluation also identified a series of furrows on an east to west alignment, located across the site

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of North American working hours restrictions on mortality and morbidity in surgical patients

Background: Short duty hours, imposed by the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) regulations, have been claimed to be associated with loss of continuity of care among surgical patients, leading to a potentially increased risk of adverse surgical outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the strength of associations between duty hour restrictions and morbidity and mortality of various surgical procedures