Management Implications of the Biodiversity and Socio-Economic Impacts of Shrimp Trawler By-Catch in Bahía de Kino, Sonora, México

The shrimp fishery is the most economically important fishery in Mexico. The trawler-based portion of this fishery results in high rates of by-catch. This study quantifies and describes the biodiversity of by-catch associated with trawling in the Bahía de Kino region of Sonora, Mexico. Data were collected from 55 trawls, on six boats, over 14 nights, during November of 2003, 2004, 2006–2009. By-catch rates within trawl samples averaged 85.9% measured by weight. A total of 183 by-catch species were identified during the course of this study, including 97 species of bony fish from 43 families, 19 species of elasmobranchs from 12 families, 66 species of invertebrates from eight phyla, and one species of marine turtle; seven of the documented by-catch species are listed on the IUCN Red List, CITES, or the Mexican NOM-059-ECOL-2010; 35 species documented in the by-catch are also targeted by local artisanal fishers. Some of the species frequently captured as juveniles in the by-catch are economically important to small-scale fishers in the region, and are particularly sensitive to overexploitation due to their life histories. This study highlights the need for further research quantifying the impacts of high levels of by-catch upon small-scale fishing economies in the region and presents strong ecological and economic rationale for by-catch management within the shrimp fishery of the Gulf of California. Site-specific by-catch management plans should be piloted in the Bahía de Kino region to address the growing momentum in national and international fisheries policy regimes toward the reduction of by-catch in shrimp fisheries

Estrategia de desarrollo territorial. Orientaciones metodológicas, Unidad Técnica Especializada IICA

Para la implementación de la Estrategia de Desarrollo Territorial (EDT), la Secretaría de Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentación (SAGARPA) definió un marco de actuación que considera la elaboración de instrumentos de apoyo didáctico, como medio para facilitar las acciones correspondientes al desarrollo de dicha estrategia. Desde al año 2002 se han construido diversas herramientas didácticas que han servido para involucrar a los actores locales en el reconocimiento de su territorio, de tal manera que los oriente para su manejo. A partir del año 2010 se cuenta con una propuesta de orientaciones metodológicas para la construcción de sus proyectos territoriales. A lo largo de estos años se ha integrado un acervo metodológico importante que se realimenta con nuevas propuestas, con la finalidad de abonar a la construcción de mecanismos participativos. Las Orientaciones Metodológicas que se presentan en el presente documento forman parte de ese acervo y pretenden convertirse en la herramienta básica que oriente el desarrollo y la consolidación de la EDT en el país

History of the International Organization for Biological Control Global Working Group on Mass Rearing and Quality Assurance

The International Organization for Biological Control Global Working Group on Mass Rearing and Quality Assurance (MRQA) was established in 1980 as the Working Group on Quality Control (WGQC) to assure success of insect mass rearing for pest management that was being developed in the 1950s and 1960s. Due mostly to the efforts of WGQC, quality control became institutionalized in several insect mass rearing facilities during the 1980s. After addressing autocidal control programs, the WGQC concentrated on entomophagous insects, especially testing the quality of commercial biological control products. Universal Implementation of Quality Control for Mass-Reared Arthropods was finally achieved in the 1990s, having encompassed all aspects from insect production to field application and evaluation. This increased scope prompted a name change from WGQC to Arthropod Mass Rearing and Quality Control (AMRQC). Subsequently, the scope of the Working Group was expanded again and it was renamed MRQA to include a range of applications for mass-reared beneficial invertebrates. The geographic range of MRQA recently was extended beyond North and South America and Europe to include India. This expansion continued as insects for food and feed, networking and instruction, and legal and ethical issues were added to the most recent workshop held in Mexico. Thus, the MRQA continues to evolve as additional invertebrate organisms are mass produced for both established and novel applications

Evaluación económica del programa MOSCAMED en Guatemala y sus impactos en ese país, México, EE.UU y Belice

Los objetivos del presente trabajo son evaluar la factibilidad económica de la erradicación de la mosca del Mediterráneo del territorio guatemalteco en un periodo de 10 años (2012-2021), revisar sus impactos en dicho país, en Belice, México y Estados Unidos de América, así como hacer un análisis retrospectivo del Programa Moscamed en Guatemala, de 1978 a 2011, y en Belice, de 1992 a 2011