Pedagogical relevance and use of ICT in higher education

El presente trabajo buscó comprender el éxito con la integración e implementación con el uso de las TIC (Tecnología de la Información y Comunicación), como herramientas fundamentales para fortalecer el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en el programa académico de instrumentación quirúrgica de la universidad Popular del Cesar, teniendo como objetivo central, caracterizar los procesos de integración e implementación de las TIC en los procesos enseñanza aprendizaje, utilizando el paradigma cualitativo interpretativo con docentes y estudiantes del dicho programa. Docentes y estudiantes manifiestan su importancia aun a pesar del desconocimiento ante la diversidad de herramientas tecnológicas; la importancia de uso por docentes se relaciona por su finalidad didáctica, logros en el estudiante, accesibilidad y medios telemáticos y redes; manifiestan como sugerencia, mejorar tanto en suficiencia de equipos, mejorar infraestructura institucional y mayor acompañamiento. La calidad del uso de las TIC en instrumentación quirúrgica es afectada en gran escala por el uso de una pedagogía mecanizada, descontextualizada y uso exclusivo en facilitar al docente la transmisión de información; existe analfabetismo electrónico (informático, tecnológico y digital) al no tener una adecuada formación de su manejo y en la aplicación de estrategias pedagógicas interactivas. Requiriéndose por necesidad sentida de los participantes, ser potencializado con la formación y capacitación de docentes y estudiantes, con acompañamiento continuo de la institucionalidadThe present work sought to understand the success with the integration and implementation with the use of ICT (Information Technology and Communication), as fundamental tools to strengthen the teaching-learning process in the academic program of surgical instrumentation of the Universidad Popular del Cesar , having as a central objective, to characterize the processes of integration and implementation of ICT in teaching-learning processes, using the qualitative interpretive paradigm with teachers and students. Teachers and students show their importance even in spite of the ignorance before the diversity of technological tools; the importance of use by teachers is related to its didactic purpose, achievements in the student, accessibility and telematic means and networks; manifest as a suggestion, improve both in sufficiency of equipment, improve institutional infrastructure and greater accompaniment. The quality of the use of ICT in surgical instrumentation is affected on a large scale by the use of a mechanized, decontextualized pedagogy and exclusive use in facilitating the teacher the transmission of information; there is electronic illiteracy (computer science, technology and digital) because it does not have an adequate training in its management and in the application of interactive pedagogical strategies. Requiring by felt need of the participants, be potentiated with the training and training of teachers and students, with continuous support of the institution

La Enfermera Comunitaria focaliza la resiliencia del escolar ante la violencia para el fomento de la salud escolar y familiar

La misión educativa institucional es cada vez mas imposible de lograr ante los problemas de violencia intrafamiliar y escolar, situación que es retomada por el grupo de investigación Control de Calidad de los Procesos en Salud para promover el entorno cultural saludable en la promoción de la Resiliencia que incida en la adopción de comportamientos saludables y prósperos. El estudio se realizó en una escuela de la comuna cinco de Valledupar-Colombia. Es una investigación cualitativa etnográfico con diseño de “Grupo Focal,” para analizar todo el contexto del escolar afectado en las áreas social, afectiva y personal permitiendo develar el dignificado de la Resiliencia El rol de enfermería comunitaria debe favorecer el desarrollo de la capacidad humana del niño que vive en violencia continua para enfrentar, sobreponerse y ser fortalecido o transformado por las experiencias de adversidad” (Grotberg, 1995), como tema central del presente estudio, precisando posibles mecanismos que apuntaron al desarrollo de la autonomía para su autocuidado y adaptación de la disciplina, la mediación, la competencia social, entre las más relevantes , favorece la funcionalidad del hogar, entornos saludables y escuela saludable por parte de un equipo transdisciplinar.PALABRAS CLAVE: Competencia cultural, enfermería comunitaria.ABSTRACTThe institutional educational mission is increasingly impossible to obtain in the presence of domestics and scholars violence, this situation is taken up by the investigation group 'Quality Control in Process Health' to promote a healthy cultural environment in the promotion of resilience that affects in the adoption of healthy and prosperous behaviors. The study was conducted in a school in the district five of Valledupar, Colombia. It is an ethnographic qualitative research design focus groups to analyze the whole context of the affected school in the social, emotional and personal unveil the dignified allowing the Resilience “The infirmary role in the community must benefit the development of human capacity of children living in continues violence to confront, overcome themselves and be strengthened or transformed by experiences of adversity" (Grotberg, 1995), as a central subject of this study, determining precisely possible mechanisms that to pointed up the development of autonomy for themcare and adaptation for discipline, mediation, social competence, between the most important, favoring the home functionality, environment and school healthiest by a trans-disciplinary team.KEYWORDS: Cultural competence, community nursing

Riesgos en el cuidado de la salud de las familias de Valledupar

Objetivo: determinar  los factores de riesgo que afectan la calidad de vida  que asumen en  el cuidado de la salud los habitantes del área urbana de Valledupar, para los estratos socioeconómicos  1, 2 y 3 de la comuna tres. Materiales y Métodos: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal;   muestra conformada por 68 de 127 familias y 31 representantes comunitarios; aplicándoseles encuesta sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, condición de vida, cuidado de la salud,  y lista de chequeo para  situaciones higiénico sanitarias de 54 expendios de alimentos distribuidos proporcionalmente. Resultados: se identificaron como los principales factores de riesgo un 41% de formación técnica,  23% de  mujeres desde  los once años de edad, son amas de casa  formando pareja a temprana edad y 8.8% embarazadas,  83.8% no alcanzan sus ingresos para sostenimiento, 57% de  mujeres no practican autoexamen de mama en el último año y 26.5% no  practican examen citológico, 76% de hombres no hacen exámen de próstata, 70% de mujeres  con deficiente  manejo de lactancia materna exclusiva y alimentación complementaria,  50% no llevan perros al control veterinario y 69%  dejan hacer sus  necesidades a campo abierto, 49% de expendios de alimentos no cumplen con la infraestructura, manejo higiénico sanitario y  de bioseguridad. Conclusión: se aprecian comportamientos negativos en el autocuidado de la salud sexual y  reproductiva, deficiente manejo de  la lactancia materna y alimentación complementaria, con el cuidado de animales domésticos y precarias prácticas higiénico sanitarias en expendios de alimentos, que deben ser reconsiderados para potenciar estilos de vida saludables.PALABRAS CLAVE: autocuidado, conducta de riesgo,  estilo de vida. Risks in the health care of the families of Valledupar ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the main risk factors that affect the quality of life assumed in health care by the residents from the urban area of Valledupar, for the socioeconomic strata 1, 2 and 3 from the third commune. Materials and Methods: quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study; sample consisted of 68 127 families and 31 community representatives; Survey administered based on sociodemographic aspects, living conditions, health care, and checklist for sanitary and hygienic conditions of 54 proportionately distributed food outlets. Results: the resuts show as the main risk factors, 41% of technical training, 23% of women from eleven years of age are housewives forming couples at an early age and 8.8% pregnant, 83.8% do not have the income to support themselves, 57% of women have not practice breast self-examination since last year and 26.5% without cytological examination, 76% of men do not have their prostate checked, 70% of women with poor exclusive maternal breast-feeding management and supplementary feeding, 50% do not take dogs for veterinary control and 69% leave them to do their business in the open field, 49% of food establishments do not comply with the infrastructure, sanitary hygienic handling and biosafety. Conclusion: negative behaviors are seen in self care of sexual health and reproductive health, poor breast  and supplementary feeding management, taking care of pets and poor hygienic and sanitation practises in food establishments, which should be reconsidered to enhance healthy lifestyles.KEY WORDS: self-care, risk taking, lifestyle. Riscos na saúde das famílias de Valledupar RESUMOObjetivo: identificar os principais fatores de risco que afetam a qualidade de vida que assumem nos residentes de cuidados de saúde da área urbana de Valledupar, por estratos socioeconômicos 1, 2 e 3 da comuna três. Materiais e Métodos: descritiva Quantitativa, estudo, transversal; amostra foi constituída por 68 127 famílias e 31 representantes da comunidade, pesquisa aplicada a eles aspectos sociodemográficos, condições de vida, saúde, e lista de verificação para as condições de saúde e higiene distribuídos proporcionalmente 54 estabelecimentos de comida. Resultados: foram identificados como os principais fatores de risco de 41% da formação técnica, 23% das mulheres desde tenra idade, são donas de casa e como um par, e 8,8% de mulheres grávidas, 83,8% com apoio insuficiente, 57% das mulheres não praticam o auto-exame da mama no ano passado, e 26,5% sem exame citológico, 76% dos homens não exame de próstata, 70% das mulheres com má gestão da amamentação exclusiva ea alimentação complementar, 50% não carregam cães de controlo veterinário e 69% deixam aliviar a campo aberto, 49% dos estabelecimentos alimentares não conformes com a infra-estrutura, manuseio higiênico sanitária e biossegurança. Conclusão: comportamentos negativos são vistos em auto-cuidado da saúde sexual e da saúde reprodutiva, a má gestão com a amamentação e alimentação complementar, cuidar de animais de estimação e pobres práticas de higiene saneamento nos estabelecimentos alimentares, que deve ser reconsiderada para melhorar estilos estilos de vida saudáveis.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: autocuidado, assunção de riscos, estilo de vida

To mitigate effects of global warming and greenhouse effect: reflections for training in health

Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre el conocimiento comunitario frente a las medidas que adoptan ante los efectos  del calentamiento global, asumiendo el rol de la responsabilidad social como institución formadora en salud.  Material y Método: Investigación cualitativa etnográfica; el número de participantes fue intencional, 20  familias participantes (una por barrio), toda vez cumplieran los criterios de suficiencia y profundidad en el  análisis inductivo de información, obtenida con entrevista a profundidad y guía de observación no  participante, soportados con referentes conceptuales de la relación sociedad y salud, bioética ambiental y  teorías de educación ambiental. Resultados: Se develaron categorías relacionados a estilos de vida que  adoptan, no pertinentes para el cuidado preventivo y la respuesta social institucional para la gestión de  estrategias pertinentes, correspondiendo a una adopción inminente no pertinente de modos de vida  saludables y medidas protectoras específicas. Conclusión: Incluir esta temática en contenidos curriculares de Enfermería y proponer un trabajo incluyente interdisciplinar e intersectorial para el trabajo comunitario con  la búsqueda de nuevos modos de cuidados, entornos naturales saludables y manejo bioético requerido. Objective: To reflect on community knowledge before measures adopted to global warming effects,  assuming the social responsibility role as a health training institution. Method and Material: Qualitative  ethnographic research, with intentional number of participants,, 20 participating families (1 per  neighborhood), provided they fulfilled the sufficiency and depth criteria in the information inductive analysis  which was obtained through in-depth interviews and non-participant observation guide, supported by  conceptual referents of the society and health, environmental bioethics, and environmental education  theories relationships. Results: categories related to lifestyles they adopt were unveiled which are not  relevant to preventive care,and the social institutional response for pertinent management, corresponding to an irrelevant imminent adoption of healthy lifestyles and specific protective measures. Conclusion: Including this issue in the Nursing Program curriculum content and proposing an inclusive interdisciplinary and cross- sectoral work for community work by finding new care ways, healthy natural environments and bioethical  management required. &nbsp

Exploring APOE genotype effects on Alzheimer's disease risk and amyloid β burden in individuals with subjective cognitive decline: The FundacioACE Healthy Brain Initiative (FACEHBI) study baseline results

Introduction: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been proposed as a potential preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nevertheless, the genetic and biomarker profiles of SCD individuals remain mostly unexplored. Methods: We evaluated apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4's effect in the risk of presenting SCD, using the Fundacio ACE Healthy Brain Initiative (FACEHBI) SCD cohort and Spanish controls, and performed a meta-analysis addressing the same question. We assessed the relationship between APOE dosage and brain amyloid burden in the FACEHBI SCD and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohorts. Results: Analysis of the FACEHBI cohort and the meta-analysis demonstrated SCD individuals presented higher allelic frequencies of APOE ε4 with respect to controls. APOE dosage explained 9% (FACEHBI cohort) and 11% (FACEHBI and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohorts) of the variance of cerebral amyloid levels. Discussion: The FACEHBI sample presents APOE ε4 enrichment, suggesting that a pool of AD patients is nested in our sample. Cerebral amyloid levels are partially explained by the APOE allele dosage, suggesting that other genetic or epigenetic factors are involved in this AD endophenotype

Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO

Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy

We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8 \pm 0.7 (stat) \pm 6.7 (sys) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principle calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Supplemental material in the ancillary file

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele

Common variants in Alzheimer’s disease and risk stratification by polygenic risk scores

Funder: Funder: Fundación bancaria ‘La Caixa’ Number: LCF/PR/PR16/51110003 Funder: Grifols SA Number: LCF/PR/PR16/51110003 Funder: European Union/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Number: 115975 Funder: JPco-fuND FP-829-029 Number: 733051061Genetic discoveries of Alzheimer's disease are the drivers of our understanding, and together with polygenetic risk stratification can contribute towards planning of feasible and efficient preventive and curative clinical trials. We first perform a large genetic association study by merging all available case-control datasets and by-proxy study results (discovery n = 409,435 and validation size n = 58,190). Here, we add six variants associated with Alzheimer's disease risk (near APP, CHRNE, PRKD3/NDUFAF7, PLCG2 and two exonic variants in the SHARPIN gene). Assessment of the polygenic risk score and stratifying by APOE reveal a 4 to 5.5 years difference in median age at onset of Alzheimer's disease patients in APOE ɛ4 carriers. Because of this study, the underlying mechanisms of APP can be studied to refine the amyloid cascade and the polygenic risk score provides a tool to select individuals at high risk of Alzheimer's disease