Psicoterapia online: una mirada desde los profesionales de la psicología en el período 2022-2023.

A lo largo de la investigación se explora la perspectiva clínica de los profesionales de psicología sobre la psicoterapia psicoanalítica online en Quito, Ecuador. La intención es conocer y dar asiento a las variables del fenómeno de cambio en la modalidad de atención, para así facilitar futuras investigaciones que profundicen en este contexto. Esta investigación es de corte cualitativo, exploratorio y de campo, en la cual se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada como herramienta de obtención de información en psicólogos psicoanalistas o con enfoque psicoanalítico, con experiencia en psicoterapia y que laboren para el periodo 2022-2023 con psicoterapia online. La investigación aborda la temática de la psicoterapia online, como una de las herramientas de la Psicología para impartir tratamiento a los problemas psíquicos de las personas. La modalidad online, en Ecuador, es bastante novedosa, dado que antes de la Pandemia por COVID-19 no había un manejo concreto de esta. A partir de la emergencia sanitaria, la psicoterapia psicoanalítica online se convirtió en la normalidad en el tratamiento psicológico, en donde se encontró que en la noción de cuerpo el imaginario de lo real se ausenta; la noción de mirada es cambiante debido a la resignificación que se le da y la noción de voz es la que sostiene los procesos terapéuticos cuando no existe la mirada y el contacto. La forma de adecuación, adaptación, el método usado y las actitudes de los psicólogos se plantearon de una manera distinta de la presencialidad. El Setting terapéutico es una de las nociones que se adapta al espacio virtual, y que se desarrolla con las antes mencionadas a lo largo del trabajo.The research addresses the issue of online psychotherapy, as one of the Psychology tools to treat people's mental problems. The online modality, in Ecuador, is quite new, since before the COVID-19 Pandemic there was no concrete management of it. As of the health emergency, online psychoanalytic psychotherapy became normal in psychological treatment, where it was found that the notion of the body is absent from the imaginary of the real; the notion of gaze is changing due to the new meaning that is given to it and the notion of voice is the one that sustains the therapeutic processes when there is no gaze and contact. The form of adequacy, the adaptation, the method used, and the attitudes of the psychologists were considered differently from the face-to-face one. The Therapeutic Environment is one of the notions that adapts to the virtual space, and that is developed with the previous ones throughout the work. Throughout the research, the clinical perspective of psychology professionals on online psychoanalytic psychotherapy in Quito, Ecuador is explored. The intention is to know and give a seat to the variables of the phenomenon of change in the modality of attention, in order to facilitate future research that deepens in this context. This research is of a qualitative, exploratory and field nature, in which the semi-structured interview was used as a tool for obtaining information in psychologists who are psychoanalysts or with a psychoanalytic approach, with experience in psychotherapy and who work for the period 2022-2023 with online psychotherapy

Assessment of a New Lateral Cushioned Casting Orthosis: Effects on Peroneus Longus Muscle Electromyographic Activity During Running

Background: Classical medial wedge (CMW) orthoses have been prescribed to treat overpronation foot pathologies in runners. The effects of a novel supination orthosis (NSO) on the surface electromyography (EMG) activity of the peroneus longus (PL) muscle during a complete cycle of running have yet to be tested. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the EMG activity of the PL in participants wearing CMW orthoses and NSOs versus neutral running shoes (NRS) during a full cycle of running gait. It was hypothesized that the PL muscle activity would be lower for the NSO compared with CMW or NRS. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Included were 31 healthy recreational runners of both sexes (14 male and 17 female; mean age, 38.58 ± 4.02 years) with a neutral Foot Posture Index and standard rearfoot-strike pattern. Participants ran on a treadmill at 9 km/h while wearing NSO (3-, 6-, and 9-mm thicknesses), CMW (3-, 6-, and 9-mm thicknesses), and NRS, for a total of 7 different conditions randomly selected, while the EMG signal activity of the PL was recorded for 30 seconds. Each trial was recorded 3 times, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to test reliability of the measurements was calculated. The Wilcoxon pair to pair nonparametric test with Bonferroni correction was performed to analyze differences among the conditions. Results: The reliability of all assessments was almost perfect (ICC, >0.81). For both the CMW and NSO, regardless of thickness, the PL activity was statistically significantly lower compared with the NRS (P < .05 for all). For all CMW thicknesses, the PL activity was lower compared with the respective NSO thicknesses, with the 3-mm thickness having the largest difference (CMW3mm, 18.63 ± 4.64 vs NSO3mm, 20.78 ± 4.99 mV; P < .001). Conclusion: Both CMW and NSO produced reduced EMG activity of the PL muscle; therefore, they can be prescribed to treat overpronation pathologies without associated PL strain concerns. In addition, the NSO saved the enhancement material placed on the medial-rear side of CMW, making it easier to wear sports shoes. Clinical Relevance: Knowing the safety of CMW and NSO will aid in understanding treatments for overpronation pathologies

Utilización de las Redes Sociales como parte de las actividades académicas y profesionales de los estudiantes del Máster Universitario en Comercio Electrónico

Fac. de Comercio y TurismoFALSEsubmitte

Las ciencias sociales y sus abordajes en los estudios avanzados

Este libro tiene como uno de sus objetivos principales impulsar un ejercicio académico de tipo interdisciplinario entre investigadores y egresados del programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado México (UAEM). Si bien se trata de un esfuerzo incipiente porque los autores que escriben, presentan artículos de investigación en los que desarrollan temas de su campo disciplinar, se trata de un libro relevante porque inaugura una actividad editorial que involucraría a profesores y estudiantes de diferentes líneas de investigación y de distintas disciplinas y les daría la posibilidad de interactuar intelectualmente con el fin de consolidar un diálogo interdisciplinario, que seguramente hará posible desarrollar discusiones de tipo interdisciplinar sobre problemas concretos.Este libro tiene como uno de sus objetivos principales impulsar un ejercicio académico de tipo interdisciplinario entre investigadores y egresados del programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado México (uaem).1 Si bien se trata de un esfuerzo incipiente porque los autores que escriben, presentan artículos de investigación en los que desarrollan temas de su campo disciplinar, se trata de un libro relevante porque inaugura una actividad editorial que involucraría a profesores y estudiantes de diferentes líneas de investigación y de distintas disciplinas y les daría la posibilidad de interactuar intelectualmente con el fin de consolidar un diálogo interdisciplinario,UAE

Un examen actualizado de la percepción de las barreras para la implementación de la farmacogenómica y la utilidad de los pares fármaco/gen en América Latina y el Caribe

La farmacogenómica (PGx) se considera un campo emergente en los países en desarrollo. La investigación sobre PGx en la región de América Latina y el Caribe (ALC) sigue siendo escasa, con información limitada en algunas poblaciones. Por lo tanto, las extrapolaciones son complicadas, especialmente en poblaciones mixtas. En este trabajo, revisamos y analizamos el conocimiento farmacogenómico entre la comunidad científica y clínica de ALC y examinamos las barreras para la aplicación clínica. Realizamos una búsqueda de publicaciones y ensayos clínicos en este campo en todo el mundo y evaluamos la contribución de ALC. A continuación, realizamos una encuesta regional estructurada que evaluó una lista de 14 barreras potenciales para la aplicación clínica de biomarcadores en función de su importancia. Además, se analizó una lista emparejada de 54 genes/fármacos para determinar una asociación entre los biomarcadores y la respuesta a la medicina genómica. Esta encuesta se comparó con una encuesta anterior realizada en 2014 para evaluar el progreso en la región. Los resultados de la búsqueda indicaron que los países de América Latina y el Caribe han contribuido con el 3,44% del total de publicaciones y el 2,45% de los ensayos clínicos relacionados con PGx en todo el mundo hasta el momento. Un total de 106 profesionales de 17 países respondieron a la encuesta. Se identificaron seis grandes grupos de obstáculos. A pesar de los continuos esfuerzos de la región en la última década, la principal barrera para la implementación de PGx en ALC sigue siendo la misma, la "necesidad de directrices, procesos y protocolos para la aplicación clínica de la farmacogenética/farmacogenómica". Las cuestiones de coste-eficacia se consideran factores críticos en la región. Los puntos relacionados con la reticencia de los clínicos son actualmente menos relevantes. Según los resultados de la encuesta, los pares gen/fármaco mejor clasificados (96%-99%) y percibidos como importantes fueron CYP2D6/tamoxifeno, CYP3A5/tacrolimus, CYP2D6/opioides, DPYD/fluoropirimidinas, TMPT/tiopurinas, CYP2D6/antidepresivos tricíclicos, CYP2C19/antidepresivos tricíclicos, NUDT15/tiopurinas, CYP2B6/efavirenz y CYP2C19/clopidogrel. En conclusión, aunque la contribución global de los países de ALC sigue siendo baja en el campo del PGx, se ha observado una mejora relevante en la región. La percepción de la utilidad de las pruebas PGx en la comunidad biomédica ha cambiado drásticamente, aumentando la concienciación entre los médicos, lo que sugiere un futuro prometedor en las aplicaciones clínicas de PGx en ALC.Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is considered an emergent field in developing countries. Research on PGx in the Latin American and the Caribbean (LAC) region remains scarce, with limited information in some populations. Thus, extrapolations are complicated, especially in mixed populations. In this paper, we reviewed and analyzed pharmacogenomic knowledge among the LAC scientific and clinical community and examined barriers to clinical application. We performed a search for publications and clinical trials in the field worldwide and evaluated the contribution of LAC. Next, we conducted a regional structured survey that evaluated a list of 14 potential barriers to the clinical implementation of biomarkers based on their importance. In addition, a paired list of 54 genes/drugs was analyzed to determine an association between biomarkers and response to genomic medicine. This survey was compared to a previous survey performed in 2014 to assess progress in the region. The search results indicated that Latin American and Caribbean countries have contributed 3.44% of the total publications and 2.45% of the PGx-related clinical trials worldwide thus far. A total of 106 professionals from 17 countries answered the survey. Six major groups of barriers were identified. Despite the region’s continuous efforts in the last decade, the primary barrier to PGx implementation in LAC remains the same, the “need for guidelines, processes, and protocols for the clinical application of pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics”. Cost-effectiveness issues are considered critical factors in the region. Items related to the reluctance of clinicians are currently less relevant. Based on the survey results, the highest ranked (96%–99%) gene/drug pairs perceived as important were CYP2D6/tamoxifen, CYP3A5/tacrolimus, CYP2D6/opioids, DPYD/fluoropyrimidines, TMPT/thiopurines, CYP2D6/tricyclic antidepressants, CYP2C19/tricyclic antidepressants, NUDT15/thiopurines, CYP2B6/efavirenz, and CYP2C19/clopidogrel. In conclusion, although the global contribution of LAC countries remains low in the PGx field, a relevant improvement has been observed in the region. The perception of the usefulness of PGx tests in biomedical community has drastically changed, raising awareness among physicians, which suggests a promising future in the clinical applications of PGx in LAC

Responding to the challenges of Water and Global Warming: Environmental Hydrogeology and Global Change Research Group (HYGLO-Lab)

[EN] The current Global Warming of planet Earth is probably the most important geological phenomenon in the last 20,000 years of its history and for human race. This process is having nowadays notable effects on the climate, ecosystems and natural resources. Possibly the most important renewable geological resource is water. One of the most strategic phases of the water cycle is groundwater. Despite its low visibility, quantitatively (and qualitatively too) it is essential for life on Planet Earth. Foreseeable consequences on groundwater due to climate change and sea level rise will be very significant. Hydrogeology can provide answers to many of the questions that are beginning to be raised in relation to these impacts and their effects. Environmental hydrogeology is a way of understanding the set of disciplines mixed in Hydrogeology as a Science of Nature. The HYGLO-Lab Research Group of the IGME-CSIC National Center attempts, through its lines of research, with a double global and local component, to provide answers to some of these questions.Peer reviewe

Ecological and Physiological Studies of Gymnodinium catenatum in the Mexican Pacific: A Review

This review presents a detailed analysis of the state of knowledge of studies done in Mexico related to the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum, a paralytic toxin producer. This species was first reported in the Gulf of California in 1939; since then most studies in Mexico have focused on local blooms and seasonal variations. G. catenatum is most abundant during March and April, usually associated with water temperatures between 18 and 25 ºC and an increase in nutrients. In vitro studies of G. catenatum strains from different bays along the Pacific coast of Mexico show that this species can grow in wide ranges of salinities, temperatures, and N:P ratios. Latitudinal differences are observed in the toxicity and toxin profile, but the presence of dcSTX, dcGTX2-3, C1, and C2 are usual components. A common characteristic of the toxin profile found in shellfish, when G. catenatum is present in the coastal environment, is the detection of dcGTX2-3, dcSTX, C1, and C2. Few bioassay studies have reported effects in mollusks and lethal effects in mice, and shrimp; however no adverse effects have been observed in the copepod Acartia clausi. Interestingly, genetic sequencing of D1-D2 LSU rDNA revealed that it differs only in one base pair, compared with strains from other regions

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

From Littorals to Mountains: Variability of Aterian Lithic Assemblages and Forager Landscape Use during the North African Middle Stone Age

The Aterian is a distinctive Middle Stone Age (MSA) techno-complex associated with anatomically modern humans and early evidence of symbolic behavior, dating from ~150 ka to 29 ka BP and occurring from the Mediterranean coast of North Africa to the central Sahara and from Atlantic Morocco to the Western Desert of Egypt. Despite their very long chronology and vast geographic distribution, Aterian lithic assemblages are often described as showing limited variation in techno-typological features and patterns of lithic raw material exploitation. These patterns are sometimes interpreted as indicators of low diversity and exceptional continuity of landscape use strategies. Yet the Aterian was produced during a period of continent-wide diversification of early Homo sapiens behaviors and cultural manifestations, evidence of the emerging behavioral plasticity thought to have enabled our species to spread to diverse and novel environments first within and eventually outside of Africa. Although some variation has been recognized for Aterian subsistence strategies, mostly based on associated faunas and site locations, this flexibility in adaptive behaviors is not clearly reflected in stone tool evidence. This dissertation systematically investigates variability of Aterian lithic assemblages at both the intra- and inter-site scales in order to explore the synchronic and diachronic diversity, or lack thereof, of landscape use patterns among North African MSA Homo sapiens. Specifically, variability is investigated among aspects of lithic assemblages theorized to be influenced by landscape use, including assemblage composition, fragmentation of reduction sequences, artifact reduction rates, and exploited lithic raw materials. The studied lithic assemblages derive from the Moroccan cave sites of Bizmoune, Rhafas, Dar es Soltan 1, and Mugharet el’Aliya. While the four sites are north of the Atlas Mountains, they encompass a range of geographical situations including littoral and inland settings.My analyses indicate consistency across space and time in most of the studied variables and a degree of stability in landscape use behaviors characterized by: 1) Patterns of lithic raw material exploitation and group mobility mostly restricted to local landscapes and utilization of resources available within a radius of ≤ 35 km from the sites; 2) high selectivity for fine grained, high-flaking quality rocks, with their representations driven by the distributions of their sources in the local landscapes; and 3) cave sites utilized as unspecialized localities where diverse domestic tasks were conducted. My dissertation also documents diversity in particular aspects of Aterian land-use including: 1) rare transport of raw materials from more distant sources and wide ranging mobility over distances greater than 50 km only recorded at the cave of Rhafas, which may be a response to differential distributions of resources within its inland setting; and 2) specialized site use and logistical movements associated with processing of game at Mugharet el’Aliya. It is argued that the main drivers of the variability observed in lithic technology were site function and variation in resource distributions around individual sites. These results suggest that the MSA foragers that produced Aterian assemblages in Morocco adapted to the particularities of the occupied landscapes ranging from the Atlantic littoral to the Oujda Mountains, adjusting their land-use strategies accordingly while retaining much of their technological traditions.Release after 08/25/202