La producción quesera en el noroeste de Chihuahua: el queso tradicional menonita

El queso menonita de Chihuahua es un producto típico local. Con el tiempo, se ha convertido en un producto donde se fincan un origen, una cultura y un alimento agroalimentario, que expresa su calidad y arraigo con base en la geografía y las prácticas culturales. De ahí que sea necesario hacer una reconstrucción de la historia para subrayar la importancia de los queseros, conocer la distribución industrial, identificar el perfil del consumidor, así como la incorporación de este alimento en la dieta diaria de los chihuahuenses. Este texto incluye como ejemplo el caso de la región noroeste de Chihuahua.

Educación a distancia con estudiantes del nivel superior en periodo de cuarentena por COVID-19

During the confinement period resulting from the COVID-19 virus, distance, isolation, and uncertainty were inevitable among the general population. Young university students had to face emotions such as guilt, for not attending online classes; distrust, related to the quality of classes; fear, as a result of thinking that they were not learning and could fail their subjects; as well as death, in the face of the loss and illness of family members and friends. These are the results obtained in an exploratory quantitative study on the actions and decisions of individuals in emotional contexts carried out in 5 academic programs and based on 455 student surveys, which were administered during the last week of school activities at the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez in Nuevo Casas Grandes. Consequently, we affirm that the extreme situations experienced within the university community reach the resilience process as long as the problems are recognised and the difficulties faced. This should help to ensure the implementation of better-articulated learning strategies among teachers, academic authorities, and students to further friendlier educational processes with less tension between subjects that are more beneficial for everyone.Durante el periodo de confinamiento derivado del virus COVID-19 fueron inevitables la distancia, el aislamiento e incertidumbre entre la población. Los jóvenes universitarios debieron enfrentar emociones como la culpa, por no acudir a las sesiones a distancia; la desconfianza, por la calidad de las clases; el miedo, por percibir que no aprendían y podían reprobar la asignatura; así como la muerte, ante la pérdida y enfermedad de familiares y amigos. Estos son los resultados obtenidos en un estudio exploratorio de corte cuantitativo sobre las acciones y decisiones de los individuos en contextos emocionales realizado en 5 programas académicos, a partir de una encuesta a 455 estudiantes, aplicada en la última semana de actividades escolares, en la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez en Nuevo Casas Grandes. Por ello, se afirma que las situaciones límite que se viven al interior de la comunidad universitaria alcanzan el proceso de resiliencia en tanto se hagan conscientes las problemáticas y se enfrenten las dificultades; ello debe ayudar a que se implementen estrategias de aprendizaje mejor articuladas entre profesores, autoridades académicas y estudiantes, a fin de continuar con procesos educativos más amigables; con menor tensión entre los sujetos y de mayor provecho para todos

Accion de cartan, un caso especial de accion de grupos en sistemas dinamicos

En este artículo se hace una presentación sobre las acciones de grupo y una descripción del caso especial de acción llamada acción de Cartan. Se presenta la definición de acción de Cartan y algunos resultados de equivalencia entre esta y una acción propia. Un ejemplo en el campo de los sistemas dinámicos ilustra como una acción de R en R2 define una acción de Cartan

Accion de cartan, un caso especial de accion de grupos en sistemas dinamicos

En este artículo se hace una presentación sobre las acciones de grupo y una descripción del caso especial de acción llamada acción de Cartan. Se presenta la definición de acción de Cartan y algunos resultados de equivalencia entre esta y una acción propia. Un ejemplo en el campo de los sistemas dinámicos ilustra como una acción de R en R2 define una acción de Cartan

Accion de cartan, un caso especial de accion de grupos en sistemas dinamicos

En este artículo se hace una presentación sobre las acciones de grupo y una descripción del caso especial de acción llamada acción de Cartan. Se presenta la definición de acción de Cartan y algunos resultados de equivalencia entre esta y una acción propia. Un ejemplo en el campo de los sistemas dinámicos ilustra como una acción de R en R2 define una acción de Cartan

Effects of intubation timing in patients with COVID-19 throughout the four waves of the pandemic : a matched analysis

The primary aim of our study was to investigate the association between intubation timing and hospital mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19-associated respiratory failure. We also analysed both the impact of such timing throughout the first four pandemic waves and the influence of prior non-invasive respiratory support on outcomes. This is a secondary analysis of a multicentre, observational and prospective cohort study that included all consecutive patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation due to COVID-19 from across 58 Spanish intensive care units (ICU) participating in the CIBERESUCICOVID project. The study period was between 29 February 2020 and 31 August 2021. Early intubation was defined as that occurring within the first 24 h of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to achieve balance across baseline variables between the early intubation cohort and those patients who were intubated after the first 24 h of ICU admission. Differences in outcomes between early and delayed intubation were also assessed. We performed sensitivity analyses to consider a different timepoint (48 h from ICU admission) for early and delayed intubation. Of the 2725 patients who received invasive mechanical ventilation, a total of 614 matched patients were included in the analysis (307 for each group). In the unmatched population, there were no differences in mortality between the early and delayed groups. After PS matching, patients with delayed intubation presented higher hospital mortality (27.3% versus 37.1%, p =0.01), ICU mortality (25.7% versus 36.1%, p=0.007) and 90-day mortality (30.9% versus 40.2%, p=0.02) when compared to the early intubation group. Very similar findings were observed when we used a 48-hour timepoint for early or delayed intubation. The use of early intubation decreased after the first wave of the pandemic (72%, 49%, 46% and 45% in the first, second, third and fourth wave, respectively; first versus second, third and fourth waves p<0.001). In both the main and sensitivity analyses, hospital mortality was lower in patients receiving high-flow nasal cannula (n=294) who were intubated earlier. The subgroup of patients undergoing NIV (n=214) before intubation showed higher mortality when delayed intubation was set as that occurring after 48 h from ICU admission, but not when after 24 h. In patients with COVID-19 requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, delayed intubation was associated with a higher risk of hospital mortality. The use of early intubation significantly decreased throughout the course of the pandemic. Benefits of such an approach occurred more notably in patients who had received high-flow nasal cannul

Prognostic implications of comorbidity patterns in critically ill COVID-19 patients: A multicenter, observational study

Background The clinical heterogeneity of COVID-19 suggests the existence of different phenotypes with prognostic implications. We aimed to analyze comorbidity patterns in critically ill COVID-19 patients and assess their impact on in-hospital outcomes, response to treatment and sequelae. Methods Multicenter prospective/retrospective observational study in intensive care units of 55 Spanish hospitals. 5866 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients had comorbidities recorded at hospital admission; clinical and biological parameters, in-hospital procedures and complications throughout the stay; and, clinical complications, persistent symptoms and sequelae at 3 and 6 months. Findings Latent class analysis identified 3 phenotypes using training and test subcohorts: low-morbidity (n=3385; 58%), younger and with few comorbidities; high-morbidity (n=2074; 35%), with high comorbid burden; and renal-morbidity (n=407; 7%), with chronic kidney disease (CKD), high comorbidity burden and the worst oxygenation profile. Renal-morbidity and high-morbidity had more in-hospital complications and higher mortality risk than low-morbidity (adjusted HR (95% CI): 1.57 (1.34-1.84) and 1.16 (1.05-1.28), respectively). Corticosteroids, but not tocilizumab, were associated with lower mortality risk (HR (95% CI) 0.76 (0.63-0.93)), especially in renal-morbidity and high-morbidity. Renal-morbidity and high-morbidity showed the worst lung function throughout the follow-up, with renal-morbidity having the highest risk of infectious complications (6%), emergency visits (29%) or hospital readmissions (14%) at 6 months (p<0.01). Interpretation Comorbidity-based phenotypes were identified and associated with different expression of in-hospital complications, mortality, treatment response, and sequelae, with CKD playing a major role. This could help clinicians in day-to-day decision making including the management of post-discharge COVID-19 sequelae. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Common variants in Alzheimer’s disease and risk stratification by polygenic risk scores

Funder: Funder: Fundación bancaria ‘La Caixa’ Number: LCF/PR/PR16/51110003 Funder: Grifols SA Number: LCF/PR/PR16/51110003 Funder: European Union/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Number: 115975 Funder: JPco-fuND FP-829-029 Number: 733051061Genetic discoveries of Alzheimer's disease are the drivers of our understanding, and together with polygenetic risk stratification can contribute towards planning of feasible and efficient preventive and curative clinical trials. We first perform a large genetic association study by merging all available case-control datasets and by-proxy study results (discovery n = 409,435 and validation size n = 58,190). Here, we add six variants associated with Alzheimer's disease risk (near APP, CHRNE, PRKD3/NDUFAF7, PLCG2 and two exonic variants in the SHARPIN gene). Assessment of the polygenic risk score and stratifying by APOE reveal a 4 to 5.5 years difference in median age at onset of Alzheimer's disease patients in APOE ɛ4 carriers. Because of this study, the underlying mechanisms of APP can be studied to refine the amyloid cascade and the polygenic risk score provides a tool to select individuals at high risk of Alzheimer's disease

Ciencia Odontológica 2.0

Libro que muestra avances de la Investigación Odontológica en MéxicoEs para los integrantes de la Red de Investigación en Estomatología (RIE) una enorme alegría presentar el segundo de una serie de 6 libros sobre casos clínicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE está integrada por cuerpos académicos de la UAEH, UAEM, UAC y UdeG