Past and present potential distribution of the Iberian Abies species: A phytogeographic approach using pollen data and species distribution models

This is the accepted version of the following article: Alba-Sánchez, F., López-Sáez, J. A., Pando, B. B.-d., Linares, J. C., Nieto-Lugilde, D. and López-Merino, L. (2010), Past and present potential distribution of the Iberian Abies species: a phytogeographic approach using fossil pollen data and species distribution models. Diversity and Distributions, 16: 214–228, which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00636.x/abstract.Aim - Quaternary palaeopalynological records collected throughout the Iberian Peninsula and species distribution models (SDMs) were integrated to gain a better understanding of the historical biogeography of the Iberian Abies species (i.e. Abies pinsapo and Abies alba). We hypothesize that SDMs and Abies palaeorecords are closely correlated, assuming a certain stasis in climatic and topographic ecological niche dimensions. In addition, the modelling results were used to assign the fossil records to A. alba or A. pinsapo, to identify environmental variables affecting their distribution, and to evaluate the ecological segregation between the two taxa. Location - The Iberian Peninsula. Methods - For the estimation of past Abies distributions, a hindcasting process was used. Abies pinsapo and A. alba were modelled individually, first calibrating the model for their current distributions in relation to the present climate, and then projecting it into the past—the last glacial maximum (LGM) and the Middle Holocene periods—in relation to palaeoclimate simulations. The resulting models were compared with Iberian-wide fossil pollen records to detect areas of overlap. Results - The overlap observed between past Abies refugia—inferred from fossil pollen records—and the SDMs helped to construct the Quaternary distribution of the Iberian Abies species. SDMs yielded two well-differentiated potential distributions: A. pinsapo throughout the Baetic mountain Range and A. alba along the Pyrenees and Cantabrian Range. These results propose that the two taxa remained isolated throughout the Quaternary, indicating a significant geographical and ecological segregation. In addition, no significant differences were detected comparing the three projections (present-day, Mid-Holocene and LGM), suggesting a relative climate stasis in the refuge areas during the Quaternary. Main conclusions - Our results confirm that SDM projections can provide a useful complement to palaeoecological studies, offering a less subjective and spatially explicit hypothesis concerning past geographic patterns of Iberian Abies species. The integration of ecological-niche characteristics from known occurrences of Abies species in conjunction with palaeoecological studies could constitute a suitable tool to define appropriate areas in which to focus proactive conservation strategies.The Andalusian Innovation, Science, and Industry Regional Ministry and the National Plan of the Spanish Government

Multicolonization of human nasopharynx due to Neisseria spp.

The colonization due to Neisseria spp. in the nasopharynx of forty healthy adults was studied by using a selective medium that allows the differentiation of Neisseria species and inhibits the rest of pharyngeal microbiota. The medium detected a variety of colonial morphology types and some metabolic characteristics of the isolates. We demonstrated the multicolonization by several Neisseria spp. in the same individual, and we isolated several strains of the same species, after analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns obtained from the different colonial types previously identified as the same species. The forty adults studied were colonized by 112 forms of Neisseria spp., and twelve colonization patterns were obtained: one species (45%), two (45%), three (7.5%) and four (2.5%). N. perflava-N. sicca, either alone or in combination with other species was the most frequent isolate (92.5%). The analysis of PFGE patterns obtained from different colonial types revealed the multicolonization by several strains of the same species in some individuals. This fact was found in N. perflava-N. sicca (50%) and N. mucosa (2.5%)

Antecedentes de la relación parental en el Derecho panameño.

The concept of parental authority, parental relationship, parental responsibility or duty-function has been a notion that has evolved from various perspectives. And it continues to evolve today. In Panama, the real and effective change, variation or transformation begins with the 1941 constitution, because the classification of legitimate and illegitimate children is eliminated and the free investigation of paternity is also allowed. In the explanatory statement of the Panamanian Civil Code there is a marked influence, with respect to this subject, of Roman law, but with a combination of the orientation of the French Civil Code of 1804, which exceptionally allowed some rights to the mother. The original wording of the concept of parental authority refers to the fact that the father and in the absence of it, the mother acquires all the rights with respect to the exercise of parental authority or parental relationship.El concepto de patria potestad, relación parental, responsabilidad parental o deber- función ha sido una noción que ha evolucionado desde diversas perspectivas.  Y sigue evolucionando hoy día.  En Panamá, el cambio, la variación o transformación real y efectiva inicia con la constitución de 1941,  porque se da  la eliminación de la clasificación de hijos legítimos e ilegítimos  y se permite igualmente la libre investigación de la paternidad.  En la exposición de motivos del Código Civil Panameño hay una marcada influencia, con respecto a este tema,  del derecho romano, pero con una combinación de la orientación del Código Civil Francés de 1804, que permitía excepcionalmente algunos derechos a la madre. La redacción original del concepto patria potestad se refiere al que el padre y en su defecto la madre adquiere todos los derechos con respecto al ejercicio de la patria potestad o relación parental

Liquidación del régimen económico del matrimonio civil cuando hay muerte de uno de los cónyuges

La extinción del régimen económico matrimonial por muerte de uno de los cónyuges conduce a una liquidación muy particular. En nuestro país no existe experiencia en liquidación de regímenes económicos matrimoniales a pesar de que pudieron existir después de la aprobación de la Ley N° 84 de 29 de noviembre de 1963 que introduce el artículo 1165-A al Código Civil y que por primera vez se da como régimen supletorio la participación en las ganancias atenuadas para los matrimonios de hecho Partiendo de esta premisa consideramos que en Panamá no hay experiencia en liquidación, por desconocimiento de las normas legales, porque las personas unidas de hecho no pedían la liquidación del régimen o porque sencillamente la redacción original del artículo 1165-A del Código Civil presentaba muchas dificultades prácticas Lo cierto es que, como consecuencia de lo anterior muchas personas se han visto perjudicadas porque se ha considerado que cuando hay muerte de un cónyuge se va mediante al proceso de sucesión y se considera ésta una comunidad para dividir entre los herederos y no es así. Es necesario primero liquidar y adjudicar al cónyuge vivo los bienes por razón de la liquidación del régimen y luego ir a la sucesión en donde por disposición del Código Civil corresponde también participar como heredero al cónyuge sobreviviente. En virtud de lo anterior hemos realizado un estudio del proceso de liquidación con cada uno de los regímenes ya sea participación en las ganancias (régimen supletorio), sociedad de gananciales (a través de capitulaciones matrimoniales) o separación de bienes, en el caso de que no se pueda probar quién es el propietario del bien o haya que asignar una pensión remuneratoria por razón del trabajo doméstico

Los marcadores antigénicos de neisseria meningitidis : su aplicación en la vigilancia epidemiológica y control de la meningitis meningocócica en España

Tesis Univ. Complutense de Madrid, 1985.Depto. de Genética, Fisiología y MicrobiologíaFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEProQuestpu

Los marcadores antigénicos de neisseria meningitidis : su aplicación en la vigilancia epidemiológica y control de la meningitis meningocócica en España

Tesis Univ. Complutense de Madrid, 1985.Depto. de Genética, Fisiología y MicrobiologíaFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEProQuestpu

Do investors in Spain react to news on sustainability and corporate social responsibility?

We analyse whether sustainability and corporate social responsibility-related news affects returns of stocks traded on the Spanish stock market. We used event methodology and an approach consistent with the active management of investment portfolios. Results show that in the short term, investors do not consider these news items to be relevant, and they therefore have no effect on the price of the stocks analysed. This result holds when the study is conditioned to the type of news (positive or negative) and whether or not the stocks belong to an index formed following socially responsible investment criteri

Transmission of Streptococcus pyogenes causing successive infections in a family

The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of Streptococcus pyogenes isolated during a 10-month period from members of a family with infections and asymptomatic carriage. T-serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis confirmed that distinct GAS clones were introduced into the family over a short period of time

Las relaciones centro/periferia en el Valle del Guadalquivir del III milenio ANE. La circulación de hojas de caliza oolítica silicificada

Este estudio presenta una interpretación, en términos de relaciones centro-periferia, por medio de un análisis petrológico, morfométrico, espacial y contextual de las hojas de caliza oolítica silicificada documentadas en yacimientos arqueológicos fechados en el III milenio ANE, en el sur de la Península Ibérica. Este análisis documenta la existencia de redes de circulación supra-regionales de productos acabados, altamente estandarizados, sobre una distancia de más de 500 km, y un área de más de 222.000 km2 . Adicionalmente, convierte a las hojas de caliza oolítica silicificada en un indicador arqueológico de las rutas, tipos y contenidos de las relaciones intersociales de y en torno al marco de jerarquización entre asentamientos del Valle del Guadalquivir desde 3000 hasta 2500 ANE, señalando la emergencia y colapso de un sistema político.This study offers an alternative explanation, in terms of core/periphery relationships, by means of a petrologic, morphometric, spatial and contextual analysis of the silicified oolitic limestone blades found in archaeological sites dated back to the third millennium ANE in southern Iberia. This suggests the existence of a supra-regional circulation of highly standardized, finished products, which spread over a distance of more than 500 km, and an area of over 222.000 km2 . In this sense, the blades have become the first archaeological indicator of the paths, types and contents of the relationships developed within and around the inter-settlement hierarchical framework of the Guadalquivir Valley from 3000 to 2500 BC, accounting for the emergence and collapse of a political system