Search for top squark production in fully hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search for production of the supersymmetric partners of the top quark, top squarks, is presented. The search is based on proton-proton collision events containing multiple jets, no leptons, and large transverse momentum imbalance. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb(-1). The targeted signal production scenarios are direct and gluino-mediated top squark production, including scenarios in which the top squark and neutralino masses are nearly degenerate. The search utilizes novel algorithms based on deep neural networks that identify hadronically decaying top quarks and W bosons, which are expected in many of the targeted signal models. No statistically significant excess of events is observed relative to the expectation from the standard model, and limits on the top squark production cross section are obtained in the context of simplified supersymmetric models for various production and decay modes. Exclusion limits as high as 1310 GeVare established at the 95% confidence level on the mass of the top squark for direct top squark production models, and as high as 2260 GeV on the mass of the gluino for gluino-mediated top squark production models. These results represent a significant improvement over the results of previous searches for supersymmetry by CMS in the same final state.Peer reviewe

Transnationality, Morality, and Politics of Computing Expertise

In this dissertation I examine the alterglobalization of computer expertise with a focus on the creation of political, economic, moral, and technical ties among computer technologists who are identified by peers and self-identify as “computer hackers.” The goal is to investigate how forms of collaborative work are created on a local level alongside global practices and discourses on computer hacking, linking local sites with an emergent transnational domain of technical exchange and political action. In order to advance an understanding of the experience and practice of hacking beyond its main axes of activity in Western Europe and the United States, I describe and analyze projects and career trajectories of programmers, engineers, and hacker activists who are members of an international network of community spaces called “hackerspaces” in the Pacific region. Based on ethnographic research at community spaces, professional meetings, and informal gatherings I pursue the question of the conditions for cultivation of skills, moral sensibilities, and political orientations which allow for active participation in computer expert collectives. Drawing from ethnographic work, I suggest that “hacking” has become a global rubric for disparate cultural practices due to the confluence of Free and Open Source technologies and elite technologists with local community centers to support pedagogical practices for technical experimentation and political formation. In describing global and local level applications of computing expertise, I demonstrate how hackerspaces and computer technologists are, respectively, formed at cross-cultural contact points with the project of rearranging, challenging, and transforming established technical practices, infrastructures, and political imaginaries

As interfaces da análise do discurso : os contrastes entre a linha francesa e a linha anglo-saxã

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Transnationality, Morality, and Politics of Computing Expertise

In this dissertation I examine the alterglobalization of computer expertise with a focus on the creation of political, economic, moral, and technical ties among computer technologists who are identified by peers and self-identify as “computer hackers.” The goal is to investigate how forms of collaborative work are created on a local level alongside global practices and discourses on computer hacking, linking local sites with an emergent transnational domain of technical exchange and political action. In order to advance an understanding of the experience and practice of hacking beyond its main axes of activity in Western Europe and the United States, I describe and analyze projects and career trajectories of programmers, engineers, and hacker activists who are members of an international network of community spaces called “hackerspaces” in the Pacific region. Based on ethnographic research at community spaces, professional meetings, and informal gatherings I pursue the question of the conditions for cultivation of skills, moral sensibilities, and political orientations which allow for active participation in computer expert collectives. Drawing from ethnographic work, I suggest that “hacking” has become a global rubric for disparate cultural practices due to the confluence of Free and Open Source technologies and elite technologists with local community centers to support pedagogical practices for technical experimentation and political formation. In describing global and local level applications of computing expertise, I demonstrate how hackerspaces and computer technologists are, respectively, formed at cross-cultural contact points with the project of rearranging, challenging, and transforming established technical practices, infrastructures, and political imaginaries

Tecnologia, política e cultura na comunidade brasileira de software livre e de código aberto

Nesta dissertação são descritas as diferentes práticas culturais que compõem a comunidade brasileira de Software Livre e de Código Aberto com o objetivo de demonstrar como são criados os laços entre agentes para a constituição de redes. Com base no trabalho de dois anos e meio de pesquisa, assumimos o ângulo das práticas culturais e do reconhecimento de agentes para problematizar a oposição binária que domina grande parte do debate sobre altruísmo e interesse próprio em economias da dádiva. Ao centrarmos o foco nas redes de trabalho e prestígio, procuramos demonstrar quão heterogênea é a malha de redes da comunidade F/LOSS brasileira. As orientações teóricas e metodológicas da antropologia do dom de Caillé e da antropologia da tecnologia de Ingold e Pfaffenberger foram combinadas para a investigação da conformação da comunidade brasileira em três domínios experienciais: o técnico, o político e o cultural. O trabalho de pesquisa foi conduzido nos encontros nacionais da comunidade brasileira, bem como através das listas de discussão, wikis, blogs, portais de notícias e conversas informais na rede IRC Freenode. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa aponta para o surgimento de uma nova cultura tecnopolítica no Brasil, produto de práticas políticas e técnicas intimamente relacionadas ao Software Livre e de Código Aberto.In this thesis, I turn to various agents in the Brazilian Free and Open Software community - developers, evangelists, politicians, and users - in order to discuss how gift economy works to shape commitments among them for the building of networks. Drawing on two and a half years of research, I take the angle of cultural practices and prestige to problematize the binary opposition between altruism and self-interest that dominates much of the literature. By focusing on social networks and the production of prestige, I am able to demonstrate how heterogeneous the composition of social networks are for the Brazilian economy of F/LOSS sharing. The theoretical and methodological orientation of Caillé's "Anthropologie du Don" and Pfaffenberger's and Ingold's "Anthropology of Technology" were combined to describe the community of Brazilian agents, engaged in three experiential domains: technical (producers), political (agents that promote F/OSS in the federal government), and cultural (artists whose work is empowered by F/OSS and the concept of Free Culture). The research work was conducted during the gatherings of F/OSS community in Brazil, as well as in electronic mailing lists, wikis, Internet sites and informal discussions via IRC. The development of the research points to the emergence of a new technical and political culture in Brazil, embodied by the "free software movement" therefore articulating political, cultural and technological practices

O virtual e o político : a análise dos confrontos discursivos entre a lógica corporativa e a lógica comunitária na definição da internet

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As interfaces da análise do discurso : os contrastes entre a linha francesa e a linha anglo-saxã

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A análise do discurso e as ciências sociais : práticas e ressignificações

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Care-fully?: The Question of “Knowledge Co-production” in Arctic Science

Understanding and redressing the climate crisis in the Arctic demands acknowledging and translating perspectives from frontline communities, environmental scientists, Indigenous knowledge bearers, and social scientists. As a first approximation to the question of how Arctic scientists conceptualize and enact “knowledge co-production,” we analyze how they write about it in their academic publications through a systematic literature review. Based on the results, we identify the lack of clear definition and practical engagement with “co-production” understood as a practice of integrating knowledges and methodological approaches from various disciplines and cultures. We raise concerns regarding researchers’ claims of co-production without understanding what it means, which is particularly harmful for Arctic communities whose knowledge practices scientists have long marginalized and exploited. In response, we argue that feminist STS scholarship provides crucial guidance on how to create and sustain meaningful relationships for knowledge co-production. These relationships can potentially subvert power inequities that have prevented many Arctic science teams from breaking out of traditional disciplinary silos to create new forms of knowledge exchange, particularly those based on notions of care for collaborators, communities, and equity

Open hardware as an experimental innovation platform : preliminary research questions and findings

International audienceIn this article, we explore the concept of Open Hardware (OH) as an experimental innovation platform to take a first step in the study of the institutional and sociotechnical conditions for fostering and advancing Free and Open Source projects at the European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN. For our purposes, OH will be described as a highly adaptable platform for present and future research infrastructures. As part of the contemporary movement for “Open Science,” OH will be examined with respect to its actual and potential contributions to the development of common tools and infrastructures for large-scale scientific collaborations. The primary data we use was gathered by the CERN Knowledge Transfer group in October 2016 through an online survey in addition to face-to-face interviews. Our preliminary findings point to the need for establishing different modes of institutional support beyondCERN and outside the hobbyist market to help advance cultures of collaborative hardware development in the sciences