Evidence of validity and measurement invariance by gender of the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale in Colombian university students

Background: Having a valid tool to assess attitudes toward vaccination and identify the concerns that drive vaccine refusal can facilitate population studies and help guide public health interventions. The objective of this study has been to adapt the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale in Colombian university students and to study its psychometric properties in a non-probabilistic sample of 1074 Colombian university students. Methods: A confirmatory factor analysis was used to study the factorial structure. A structural equation model was tested to study concurrent validity and to check whether the factors predicted having received the coronavirus vaccine. Gender-based measurement invariance was also studied for the best model. Results: The results support the structure of four related factors. The composite reliability index was good for all the factors, but the average variance extracted was not as good for the second factor. There was strong measurement invariance by gender, and two factors are good predictors of being vaccinated or not. Conclusions: The VAX has shown construct and concurrent validity and is a reliable tool for evaluating attitudes towards vaccines in university students in Colombia. It may help guide the implementation of actions for the National Vaccination Plan and institutional policies

Perspectivas sobre el efecto de la educación virtual y del confinamiento en las emociones de niños de dos a cinco años y de sus familias, en un contexto de pandemia

The health emergency caused by COVID-19 pandemic forced education systems to modify the traditional way of providing education, schools adopted virtual education as the most efficient alternative to continue studies, bringing with it important emotional changes in the children lives. This article analyzed different perspectives on the effect of virtual education and confinement on the emotions of children aged two to five years, and their families, in a pandemic context. A qualitative approach was adopted as the study method. It was found that children experienced changes in their emotions during the pandemic and virtual education, teachers and parents also reported changes in their emotions, they experienced more tension and stress as a result of virtual education. In addition, the fear of contagion could impact the emotional expression of boys and girls. It’s concluded that the data found in this study provide relevant scientific knowledge about the effects of the pandemic and virtual education in early childhood.La emergencia sanitaria ocasionada por la pandemia de COVID-19 obligó a los sistemas educativos modificar la forma tradicional de impartir educación, en la mayoría de los casos las escuelas adoptaron la educación virtual como la alternativa más eficiente para continuar los estudios, trayendo consigo importantes cambios a nivel emocional en la vida de niños y niñas. El objetivo de la investigación es analizar diferentes perspectivas sobre el efecto de la educación virtual y del confinamiento en las emociones de niños de dos a cinco años, y de sus familias, en un contexto de pandemia. El diseño de la investigación es cualitativo. Los resultados sugieren que, los niños experimentaron cambios en sus emociones en medio de la pandemia y la educación virtual los docentes y padres de familia también manifestaron cambios en sus emociones, experimentaron más tensión y estrés a raíz de la educación virtual. Se encuentra además que, el temor al contagio puede impactar en la expresión del afecto y en la espontaneidad de los niños y niñas. Se concluye que los datos encontrados en este estudio aportan conocimiento científico relevante sobre los efectos de la pandemia y de la educación virtual en la primera infancia.&nbsp

Characterization of Suicide in the Department of Sucre: An Analysis of the News Published in El Meridiano de Sucre Newspaper, Colombia

Objectiv. To analyze the news published in the newspaper El Meridiano de Sucre from 2010 to 2016, related to consummated suicide. Method. 1) the search was limited to a specific period of time: 2010 - 2016; 2) the information provided by the newspaper articles was classified taking into account: the date of the event, the place, the age, the sex, the modality and the reason; 3) all information was introduced for analysis into the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS v.21). Results. An increase in suicide rate was found between 2015 and 2016. Among the most frequent reasons for committing suicide are: depression, family, health and economic problems. Conclusions. Both in Sincelejo and in rural area, the most frequent type of suicidal act in men and women is hanging, and the most frequent reason: “depression”.Objetivo. Analizar las noticias publicadas sobre suicidio consumado en el Periódico El Meridiano de Sucre del 2010 al 2016. Método. 1) la búsqueda se acotó a un tiempo específico (2010 – 2016); 2) se clasificó la información proporcionada por los artículos de periódico teniendo en cuenta: la fecha del acontecimiento, el lugar, la edad, el sexo, la modalidad y el motivo; 3) se introdujo toda la información al paquete estadístico Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS v.21) para su análisis. Resultados. Se halló un aumento de las cifras del suicidio en los años 2015 y 2016. Entre los motivos más frecuentes para cometer el acto suicida se encuentran: depresión, problemas familiares, problemas de salud y problemas económicos. Conclusiones. Tanto en Sincelejo como en la zona rural sucreña, la modalidad de acto suicida más frecuente en hombres y mujeres es el ahorcamiento, y el motivo más frecuente: “la depresión”.Objetivo. Analisar as notícias publicadas sobre o suicídio consumado no jornal El Meridiano, de Sucre, de 2010 a 2016. Método. 1) a busca foi limitada a um horário específico (2010 - 2016); 2) as informações fornecidas pelos artigos de jornal foram classificadas levando-se em conta: a data do evento, o local, a idade, o sexo, a modalidade e a razão; 3) todas as informações foram introduzidas no pacote estatístico Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS v.21) para análise. Resultados. Um aumento nos números de suicídio foi encontrado em 2015 e 2016. Entre os motivos mais frequentes para cometer o ato suicida estão: depressão, problemas familiares, problemas de saúde e problemas econômicos. Conclusões. Tanto em Sincelejo como em Sucreña rural, o tipo mais frequente do ato suicida em homens e mulheres está suspendendo, e a razão mais frequente: “a depressão”

'One feels anger to know there is no one to help us!'. Perceptions of mothers of children with Zika virus-associated microcephaly in Caribbean Colombia: A qualitative study

Background: The epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) was associated with a sudden and unprecedented increase in infants born with microcephaly. Colombia was the second most affected country by the epidemic in the Americas. Primary caregivers of children with ZIKV-associated microcephaly, their mothers mainly, were at higher risk of suffering anxiety and depression. Often, these women were stigmatized and abandoned by their partners, relatives, and communities. Methodology/principal findings: This study aimed to understand the perceptions about ZIKV infection among mothers of children born with microcephaly during the ZIKV epidemic in Caribbean Colombia, and the barriers and facilitators affecting child health follow-up. An exploratory qualitative study, based on Phenomenology and Grounded Theory, was conducted in Caribbean Colombia. Data were collected through In-Depth Interviews (IDI) from women who delivered a baby with microcephaly during the ZIKV epidemic at Clínica Salud Social, Sincelejo, Sucre District (N = 11). The themes that emerged during the interviews included experiences from their lives before pregnancy; knowledge about ZIKV; experiences and perceptions when diagnosed; considering a possible termination of pregnancy, and children's clinical follow-up. In some cases, women reported having been told they were having a baby with microcephaly but decided not to terminate the pregnancy; while in other cases, women found out about their newborn's microcephaly condition only at birth. The main barriers encountered by participants during children's follow-up included the lack of psychosocial and economic support, the stigmatization and abandonment by some partners and relatives, and the frustration of seeing the impaired development of their children. Conclusions: This study contributed to identifying the social, medical, psychological, and economic needs of families with children affected by the ZIKV epidemic. Commitment and action by local and national governments, and international bodies, is required to ensure sustained and quality health services by affected children and their families

Acceptability of a Hypothetical Zika Vaccine among Women from Colombia and Spain Exposed to ZIKV: A Qualitative Study.

Zika virus (ZIKV) can cause pregnancy loss and congenital Zika syndrome, among other poor health outcomes. The ZIKV epidemic in 2015-2017 disproportionately affected pregnant women in poor-resource settings. We aimed to understand perceptions and attitudes towards a hypothetical ZIKV vaccine, women's willingness to be vaccinated, and potential barriers and facilitators for vaccine acceptance in 1) migrant women living in Spain who travelled to their countries of origin and were diagnosed with ZIKV infection during pregnancy, and their healthcare providers, and 2) women living in Colombia who delivered a child with microcephaly. An exploratory qualitative study based on phenomenology and grounded theory was conducted. Data were collected through in-depth, paired and semi-structured interviews. Overall, women from both sites were willing to receive a hypothetical ZIKV vaccine. However, some expressed concerns of being vaccinated during pregnancy, yet they would accept it if the vaccine was recommended by a healthcare professional they trust. Main fears towards vaccination were related to vaccine safety and potential adverse effects on child's health. Women reported feeling hesitant to participate in a ZIKV vaccine trial. These results may contribute to guiding the effective delivery of future ZIKV vaccines among populations most at risk and particularly vulnerable

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Níveis de resiliência e percepção do estado geral de saúde dos estudantes universitários de psicologia que foram vítimas do conflito armado em Sucre

The objective of the present research work was to determine the levels of resilience and the general perceived state of health of university students who were victims of the conflict in Sucre. It was developed under a quantitative research approach, with the participation of 47 student victims of the conflict: The results showed that the most frequent type of victimizing event was forced displacement, concluding that few students received psychological help, however, the great majority presented a high and moderate resilience.El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación, fue determinar los niveles de resiliencia y el estado de salud general percibido de estudiantes universitarios víctimas del conflicto en Sucre, se desarrolló bajo el enfoque de investigación cuantitativo, contando con la participación de 47 estudiantes víctimas del conflicto, de igual forma, los instrumentos utilizados fueron: encuesta de datos sociodemográficos, escala de salud general de Goldberg y una escala de resiliencia de adultos, a su vez; Los resultados evidenciaron que el tipo de hecho victimizante más frecuente fue el desplazamiento forzado, concluyendo que pocos estudiantes recibieron ayuda psicológica, sin embargo, la gran mayoría presentó una resiliencia alta y moderada.O objetivo do presente trabalho de pesquisa foi determinar os níveis de resiliência e o estado geral de saúde percebido dos estudantes universitários que foram vítimas do conflito em Sucre. Foi desenvolvido sob uma abordagem de pesquisa quantitativa, com a participação de 47 estudantes vítimas do conflito: Os resultados mostraram que o tipo de evento vitimizador mais frequente foi o deslocamento forçado, concluindo que poucos estudantes receberam ajuda psicológica, porém, a grande maioria apresentou uma resiliência alta e moderada

Percepciones del alumnado universitario sobre la muerte y el duelo en la COVID 19 = Perceptions of university students about death and mourning in Covid 19

El trabajo que presentamos versa sobre un tema tan apasionante como poco abordado en los diferentes niveles educativos. Se trata de la muerte y de cómo se puede trabajar desde un enfoque didáctico. La pérdida es algo con lo que lidiamos a lo largo de nuestras vidas. La forma de afrontar las pérdidas y la preparación del duelo tiene que ver con la cultura en la que hemos sido socializados desde pequeños. Comenzar con pequeñas intervenciones didácticas con los docentes que se están formando como futuros maestros es un magnífico inicio formativo para “asegurar” que, en el futuro, tanto en Primaria como en Secundaria, exista una verdadera didáctica de la muerte y del duelo. El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer una pedagogía socioeducativa de la muerte que propicie que los futuros educadores dispongan de bases epistemológicas y didácticas suficientes para realizar un trabajo multidimensional sobre la pérdida y el duelo con sus futuros alumnos. Para ello realizamos una serie de acciones didácticas y una investigación-acción a partir de un cuestionario validado con preguntas abiertas en función de dichas acciones. Abstract The work that we present deals with a topic that is as exciting as it is little addressed at different educational levels. It is about death and how it can be worked from a didactic approach. Loss is something we deal with throughout our lives. The way of coping with losses and preparing for grief has to do with the culture in which we have been socialized since childhood. Beginning with small didactic interventions with teachers who are being trained as future teachers is a magnificent formative start to "ensure" that, in the future, both in Primary and Secondary, there is true didactics of death and mourning. The objective of this work is to establish a socio-educational pedagogy of death that encourages future educators to have sufficient epistemological and didactic bases to carry out multidimensional work on loss and mourning with their future students. For this, we carry out a series of didactic actions and an action-research based on a validated questionnaire with open questions based on said actions