Comparison of urodynamic parameters with respect to neurological levels in post-traumatic spinal cord injury patients

Background: Urodynamic evaluation is mandatory in order to correctly assess and classify bladder dysfunction in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Study investigated patterns of neurogenic bladder dysfunction in patients with post traumatic spinal cord injury and assessed the relationship of detrusor leak point pressure with compliance, post void residual urine volume and maximum cystometric capacity.Methods: Eighty six patients with neurogenic bladder secondary to traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) underwent cystometry with electromyography (EMG). T-test was used to compare detrusor leak point pressure (LPP) between complete and incomplete injury groups. Pearson correlation test was used to seek correlation between detrusor LPP and compliance, post void residual volume (PRV) and maximum cystometric capacity (MCC).Results: Mean detrusor LPP in suprasacral complete injury group, suprasacral incomplete injury group and sacral complete injury was 52±21 cm of H2O, 53±18 cm of H2O and 16±9 cm of H2O respectively. No significant difference in detrusor LPP was found between suprasacral complete and incomplete group on t-Test (p= 0.571068). Significant difference in detrusor LPP was found between suprasacral and sacral group (p= 5.71891E-12). Mean compliance in sacral injury group was 24±16 and in suprasacral complete injury group was 5±6. Mean compliance in suprasacral incomplete injury group was 4±2. Pearson correlation showed negative correlation (r = -0.6918934) between detrusor leak point pressure and compliance (p= 1.2744E-13). Negative correlation (r = -0.311409922) was observed between detrusor leak point pressure and post leak/ void residual urine volume (p= 0.003335033) and between detrusor LPP and maximum cystometric capacity (r = -0.31354), (p= 0.003115).Conclusions: Significant difference in urodynamic parameters exists between sacral and suprasacral injury patients. However there is no significant difference in urodynamic parameters between complete and incomplete injury at suprasacral level

Atomic-resolution spectroscopic imaging of ensembles of nanocatalyst particles across the life of a fuel cell

The thousandfold increase in data-collection speed enabled by aberration-corrected optics allows us to overcome an electron microscopy paradox - how to obtain atomic-resolution chemical structure in individual nanoparticles, yet record a statistically significant sample from an inhomogeneous population. This allowed us to map hundreds of Pt-Co nanoparticles to show atomic-scale elemental distributions across different stages of the catalyst aging in a proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell, and relate Pt-shell thickness to treatment, particle size, surface orientation, and ordering.Comment: 28 pages, 5 figures, accepted, nano letter

The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III

The third generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) took data from 2008 to 2014 using the original SDSS wide-field imager, the original and an upgraded multi-object fiber-fed optical spectrograph, a new near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, and a novel optical interferometer. All of the data from SDSS-III are now made public. In particular, this paper describes Data Release 11 (DR11) including all data acquired through 2013 July, and Data Release 12 (DR12) adding data acquired through 2014 July (including all data included in previous data releases), marking the end of SDSS-III observing. Relative to our previous public release (DR10), DR12 adds one million new spectra of galaxies and quasars from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) over an additional 3000 deg2 of sky, more than triples the number of H-band spectra of stars as part of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), and includes repeated accurate radial velocity measurements of 5500 stars from the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The APOGEE outputs now include the measured abundances of 15 different elements for each star. In total, SDSS-III added 5200 deg2 of ugriz imaging; 155,520 spectra of 138,099 stars as part of the Sloan Exploration of Galactic Understanding and Evolution 2 (SEGUE-2) survey; 2,497,484 BOSS spectra of 1,372,737 galaxies, 294,512 quasars, and 247,216 stars over 9376 deg2; 618,080 APOGEE spectra of 156,593 stars; and 197,040 MARVELS spectra of 5513 stars. Since its first light in 1998, SDSS has imaged over 1/3 of the Celestial sphere in five bands and obtained over five million astronomical spectra. \ua9 2015. The American Astronomical Society

PLC (ARDUINO) BASED SELF-SUSTAINING HYDROPONIC FODDER SYSTEM

In India only 4.9 % of cropped land area is utilized for cultivating fodder. India faces a deficit of 35.6% green fodder, 26% of dry fodder and 41% of concentrate feed ingredients.So our goal in this project is to develop a self-sustaining fodder system using basic PLC circuits and to operate it on renewable energy. Which in result will reduce the energy requirement, cost of production per kg, water and land requirements to operate the system along with the readyavailability of green fodder and negligible human interference

Synthesis, characterization and field emission studies of NiO-rGO nanocomposite

In this work, NiO-rGO nanocomposite was synthesized by hydrothermal/solvothermal method on nickel foil. The as-synthesized product was subjected to various characterizations such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Raman spectroscopy, in order to reveal its phase, morphology and structure. The SEM analysis reveals formation of nearly vertically oriented and randomly distributed nanoflakes of NiO-rGO nanocomposite on entire substrate surface. The Raman spectrum of the NiO-rGO composite showed characteristic D and G bands of rGO, confirming its presence in the composite. The NiO-rGO composite emitter showed promising field emission behaviour. The values of turnon and threshold fields, defined at emission current density of 1 and 10 mA/cm2, were observed to be 1.8 and 2.25 V/mm, respectively, which are comparable to alike composite emitters. Furthermore, from the NiO-rGO composite emitter, maximum current density of 719 mA/cm2 has been extracted at an applied field of 4.5 V/mm. The observed results imply potential of NiO-rGO composite emitter for application in vacuum microelectronic devices

TB and HIV coinfection- GeneXpert a comparable tool to Line probe assay for diagnosis of MDR TB

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV duo forms the deadly synergy- the patients with these diseases more often will have unfavourable outcomes. It is important to see HIV TB correlation ad drug resistance in case of tuberculosis. Aims and objectives:1. To detect HIV seropositivity in newly diagnosed sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients.2. To detect rifampicin resistance by CBNAAT.3. To detect drug resistance of first and second line antitubercular drugs by conventional methods.4. Comparison of drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in patients with and without HIV.Material and methods: Prospective, cross sectional study was conducted in department of microbiology for one and half year. 200 newly diagnosed sputum positive samples were collected. They were subjected to Zeil Nelson(ZN) staining, culture, culture on Loweinstein Jensen(LJ)media, GeneXpert and Line Probe Assay(LPA). HIV test was done on blood sample. Results: Out of 200 patients, 123(61.5%) were males and 77(38.5%) were females. Male: Female ratio was 1.7:1. HIV positive were 12.5% and HIV negative were 87.5%. 65% showed growth on LJ media. 85% were positive by CBNAAT. Out of 25 HIV positive cases 48% were detected by CBNAAT. 2.35% were resistant to rifampicin. On LPA, all drugs that were resistant to rifampicin, were also resistant to isoniazid but sensitive to other second line drugs’. Conclusion: HIV testing of patients with TB and susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis isolates from HIV-infected patients should be routine in settings where outbreaks or endemic transmission of MDR-TB is occurring in HIV-infected patients

Purification of Solid Waste from drainage

Wastewater is characterized as the stream of utilized water from homes, organizations, ventures, business exercises and foundations which are subjected to the treatment plants by a precisely planned and built system of funnels. There are no occasions for wastewater treatment, and most plants work 24 hours each day of the week. Wastewater treatment plants take a shot at basic purpose of the water cycle, helping nature shields water from the intemperate contamination. But the abundant amount of undesirables in the waste water such as solid wastes and other form of materials that do not form the waste water treatment can overwhelm the system at times due to rainfall and natural forces. In order to remove a certain amount of solid waste and undesirables from the waste water we use the automatic gutter cleaning machine which is intended to as a check point at various focus points where the waste get accumulated. Thus it reduces the work done by the treatment plan and facilitates smooth flow of waste water system

EMPLOYEE DATA MINING BASED ON TEXT AND IMAGE PROCESSING.

Employees of any company need to know whether their employees are happy or sad or they have any problem in their working environment. There should be some mechanism to handle this information about the employee. Employee chatting messages could be analyzed using sentiment analysis and employee mood detection is retrieved based on text analysis. Also, Employee facial expressions can be detected using Image Processing on employee images taken through Web Camera while an employee is chatting with colleagues. Using Image Processing, Emotion of employee such as Happy, Angry, Sad or Normal is detected. Employee analysis report is shown to company management to find whether the employee is satisfied with company or employee is facing some problem in the working environment

EMPLOYEE DATA MINING BASED ON TEXT AND IMAGE PROCESSING

Employees of any company need to know whether their employees are happy or sad or they have any problem in their working environment. There should be some mechanism to handle this information about the employee. Employee chatting messages could be analyzed using sentiment analysis and employee mood detection is retrieved based on text analysis. Also, Employee facial expressions can be detected using Image Processing on employee images taken through Web Camera while an employee is chatting with colleagues. Using Image Processing, Emotion of employee such as Happy, Angry, Sad or Normal is detected. Employee analysis report is shown to company management to find whether the employee is satisfied with company or employee is facing some problem in the working environment