2,282 research outputs found

    • The Israel Defence Forces' (IDF) uses of Facebook and Twitter in operation ´Protective Edge ´

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    Las redes sociales se han convertido en una potente herramienta en el impulso del activismo y la movilización desde las bases de la sociedad. En consecuencia, los gobiernos y sus instituciones se han adaptado a esta nueva realidad con la intención de formar parte de estas conversaciones, persuadir a los ciudadanos y generar corrientes de opinión a su favor. ¿Se aplica también esta circunstancia cuando los gobiernos participan en conflictos armados? ¿Utilizan los gobiernos las redes sociales para escuchar a sus ciudadanos o son solamente instrumentos propagandísticos para sus fines? El presente artículo analiza el uso de las redes sociales (cuentas oficiales de Twitter y Facebook) realizado por las Fuerzas de Defensa Israelí (FDI) durante los primeros 15 días de la operación Margen Protector (julio, 2014). Para ello, se realizó un doble análisis, cuantitativo y cualitativo, con la intención de conocer el tipo de mensajes utilizados, la frecuencia de los mismos, su repercusión y su relación con los argumentos utilizados en la operación militar Pilar Defensivo, desarrollada por las FDI en 2012.Social media has become in a powerful tool to promote sociological changes, activism and grassroots mobilization. Consequently, governments and institutions have adapted to this new reality with the intention of being part of these talks, persuading citizens and generate currents of opinion in their favor. Will this circumstance also applies when governments are involved in armed conflicts? How governments use social media? Do they use it to listen their citizens? Are social media only propaganda tools for their purposes? The present article analyses social media (official accounts in Twitter and Facebook) used by Israel Defense Forces (IDF) during the first fifteen days of operation Protective Edge (July, 2014). The study is based on two analysis (quantitative and qualitative) to understand types, frequency and impact of messages used in operation Protective Edge. Also, we would like to know if there are any kind of continuity or relation with the argumentation of last military operation Pillar of defense (2012)

    Junk News and "disinformation media" in the 10-N election campaign

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    Las noticias basura, junk news, forman parte del ecosistema desinformativo utilizado para alterar e influenciar a los ciudadanos durante las campañas electorales. Esta investigación analiza el contenido producido por varias páginas españolas, identificadas como “medios de desinformación”, antes y durante la campaña electoral del 10 de noviembre en España. A través de la herramienta Junk News Aggregator del Instituto de Internet de Oxford se han identificado las webs españolas que suelen distribuir contenido basura, es decir partidista, de ideología extrema y con enfoque claramente propagandístico. Se pretende conocer cuál es su agenda de contenidos políticos, la autoría de sus publicaciones, el tratamiento realizado a las formaciones políticas y sus representantes e identificar si hay variación en su actividad durante el periodo electoral. Se observan estrategias de contenido y publicaciones comunes, de enfoque partidista, falta de identificación en la autoría y un claro sesgo ideológico a favor de Vox.Junk news is part of the disinformation ecosystem employed to modify and influence citizens during election campaigns. This research analyses the content produced by several Spanish pages, identified as "disinformation media", both before and during the November 10 election campaign in Spain. Those Spanish websites that usually distribute junk content, that is to say, partisan, stemming from an extreme ideology and with a deeply propagandistic approach, were identified by means of the tool Junk News Aggregator of the Oxford Internet Institute. The aim was to disclose their political content agenda, the authorship of their publications, the treatment accorded to political groups and their representatives, and also to identify whether any variation in their activity occurred over the electoral period. Strategies of content and common publications, of a partisanal approach, lack of identification in the authorship and a clear ideological bias in favour of Vox were noted

    Instances of combinatorial optimization problems: complexity and generation

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    138 p.La optimización combinatoria considera problemas donde el objetivo es hallar el punto que maximiza o minimiza una función y donde el espacio de búsqueda es nito o innito numerable. La resolución de estos problemas es de gran importancia, ya que aparecen de forma natural en diferentes ámbitos como el mundo de la ciencia y de la ingeniería, la industria o la gestión

    Based-on simulation training on ventilation calculation for the reduction of occupational risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection

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    [EN] This article addresses a new learning methodological approach compatible with e-learning and m-learning for undergraduate engineering students to learn the ventilation requirements for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in the workplace and to develop the critical sense to design ventilation systems in accordance with the standards that minimize the biological risk. Thus, a learning activity based on a simulation of infection risks is proposed in which three different initial ventilation requirements hypotheses are considered to calculate the necessary ventilation in the workplace. Subsequently, a simulation is carried out to obtain the probability of contagion in each of them and, in this way, to obtain information to make adequate decisions and improve critical thinking in the context of industrial hygieneS

    Regulation of endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD) by ubiquitin

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    Quality control of protein folding inside the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) includes chaperone-mediated assistance in folding and the selective targeting of terminally misfolded species to a pathway called ER-associated protein degradation, or simply ERAD. Once selected for ERAD, substrates will be transported (back) into the cytosol, a step called retrotranslocation. Although still ill defined, retrotranslocation likely involves a protein conducting channel that is in part formed by specific membrane-embedded E3 ubiquitin ligases. Early during retrotranslocation, reversible self-ubiquitination of these ligases is thought to aid in initiation of substrate transfer across the membrane. Once being at least partially exposed to the cytosol, substrates will become ubiquitinated on the cytosolic side of the ER membrane by the same E3 ubiquitin ligases. Ubiquitin on substrates was originally thought to be a permanent modification that (1) promotes late steps of retrotranslocation by recruiting the energy-providing ATPase Cdc48p/p97 via binding to its associated adaptor proteins and that (2) serves to target substrates to the proteasome. Recently it became evident, however, that the poly-ubiquitin chains (PUCs) on ERAD substrates are often subject to extensive remodeling, or processing, at several stages during ERAD. This review recapitulates the current knowledge and recent findings about PUC processing on ERAD substrates and ubiquitination of ERAD machinery components and discusses their functional consequences

    Self-Perceived Digital Competencies in Educational Online Migration Due to COVID-19 Confinement

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    Objectives: The purpose of the study was to validate a measurement scale to assess self-perceived digital competencies of Mexican university students who have migrated from a mixed school-digital system to a fully digitalized educational environment because of COVID-19 confinement. The instrument was based on the European Union Digital Competence Framework. Method: 1,118 participants aged between 18 and 47 years completed the assessment. This included 677 females (60.6%) and 429 males (38.4%). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess scale structure. Results: Results of the CFA showed an excellent fit to the data, C2/df = 3.27, p = .01, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.97, root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.05. Cronbach’s a values for the scale and subscales ranged from .78 to .83. Three of the four subscales predicted number of assignments completed and submitted, a measure of predictive validity. Conclusions: The Digital Competence Scale for Online Migration is a valid scale for Mexican students and demonstrates predictive validity. Implication for Theory and/or Practice: The scale may be useful in planning activities for the reinforcement of digital competencies and to identify difficulties and support specific pedagogy for online teaching/learning processes
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