Comparação electromiográfica do passe e do remate em Futsal

Foi objectivo deste trabalho comparar a actividade neuromuscular do membro inferior na execução do remate e do passe com o dorso do pé no Futsal. Estudaram-se 5 sujeitos do sexo masculino e federados com idades compreendidas entre os 20 e os 26 anos. Foram analisadas duas condições de execução: o passe e o remate. O passe foi efectuado para um jogador colocado à sua frente e a seis metros de distância. O remate foi efectuado a uma distância de seis metros com oposição de um guarda-redes. Os dados electromiográficos foram recolhidos através de eléctrodos bipolares pré-amplificados colocados no Vasto interno, Vasto externo, Gastrocnémio medial e Tibial anterior com uma frequência de aquisição de 1 kHz. O sinal foi processado digitalmente, a fim de se obter o valor quadrático médio (RMS). A RMS foi normalizada individualmente com base no valor máximo dentro de uma determinada condição de exercitação. Um electrogoniómetro foi colocado entre a perna e a coxa para determinação dos parâmetros cinemáticos. A frequência de aquisição foi de 1 kHz e os dados estavam sincronizados com o sinal electromiográfico. Foram avaliados o ângulo relativo mínimo entre a perna e a coxa, assim como, o valor máximo da velocidade angular entre a perna e coxa. A velocidade foi significativamente superior e o ângulo significativamente inferior no remate do que no passe. A actividade neuromuscular foi significativamente superior no remate do que no passe em todos os grupos musculares estudados

Intestinal microbiota influences non-intestinal related autoimmune diseases

Indexación: Scopus.The human body is colonized by millions of microorganisms named microbiota that interact with our tissues in a cooperative and non-pathogenic manner. These microorganisms are present in the skin, gut, nasal, oral cavities, and genital tract. In fact, it has been described that the microbiota contributes to balancing the immune system to maintain host homeostasis. The gut is a vital organ where microbiota can influence and determine the function of cells of the immune system and contributes to preserve the wellbeing of the individual. Several articles have emphasized the connection between intestinal autoimmune diseases, such as Crohn's disease with dysbiosis or an imbalance in the microbiota composition in the gut. However, little is known about the role of the microbiota in autoimmune pathologies affecting other tissues than the intestine. This article focuses on what is known about the role that gut microbiota can play in the pathogenesis of non-intestinal autoimmune diseases, such as Grave's diseases, multiple sclerosis, type-1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorders. Furthermore, we discuss as to how metabolites derived from bacteria could be used as potential therapies for non-intestinal autoimmune diseases. © 2018 Opazo, Ortega-Rocha, Coronado-Arrázola, Bonifaz, Boudin, Neunlist, Bueno, Kalergis and Riedel.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00432/ful

Cardiovascular risk profile of high school students: A cross-sectional study

INTRODUCTION: Disease prevention should begin in childhood and lifestyles are important risk determinants of cardiovascular disease. Awareness and monitoring of risk is essential in preventive strategies. AIM: To characterize cardiovascular risk and the relationships between certain variables in adolescents. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 854 adolescent schoolchildren were surveyed, mean age 16.3±0.9 years. Data collection included questionnaires, physical examination, charts for 10-year relative risk of mortality, and biochemical assays. In the statistical analysis continuous variables were studied by the Student's t test and categorical variables by the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test, and each risk factor was entered as a dependent variable in logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Physical activity was insufficient in 81% of students. The daily consumption of soup, salad or vegetables, and fruit was, respectively, 37%, 39% and 21%. A minority (6%) took ≤3 and 77% took ≥5 meals a day. The prevalence of each risk factor was as follows: overweight 16%; smoking 13%; hypertension 11%; impaired glucose metabolism 9%; hypertriglyceridemia 9%; and hypercholesterolemia 5%. Out-of-school physical activity, hypertension and overweight were more prevalent in males (p<0.001). Females had higher levels of cholesterol (p<0.005) and triglycerides (p<0.001). A quarter of the adolescents had a relative risk score for 10-year cardiovascular mortality of ≥2. Overweight showed a positive association with blood pressure, changes in glucose metabolism and triglycerides, and a negative association with number of daily meals. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate the need for action in providing and encouraging healthy choices for adolescents, with an emphasis on behavioral and lifestyle changes aimed at individuals, families and communitie

dAMUSE : a new tool for denoising and blind source separation

In this work a generalized version of AMUSE, called dAMUSE is proposed. The main modification consists in embedding the observed mixed signals in a high-dimensional feature space of delayed coordinates. With the embedded signals a matrix pencil is formed and its generalized eigendecomposition is computed similar to the algorithm AMUSE. We show that in this case the uncorrelated output signals are filtered versions of the unknown source signals. Further, denoising the data can be achieved conveniently in parallel with the signal separation. Numerical simulations using artificially mixed signals are presented to show the performance of the method. Further results of a heart rate variability (HRV) study are discussed showing that the output signals are related with LF (low frequency) and HF (high frequency) fluctuations. Finally, an application to separate artifacts from 2D NOESY NMR spectra and to denoise the reconstructed artefact-free spectra is presented also.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Impacto de la atención ambulatoria del primer nivel de atención en la hospitalización de población asegurada con diabetes mellitus tipo 2

ObjetivoDeterminar el impacto de atención ambulatoria del primer nivel de atención en la hospitalización del diabético tipo 2 en una población con condiciones iguales de aseguramiento.DiseñoEstudio de casos y controles. Los casos son pacientes diabéticos hospitalizados por enfermedad relacionada con el padecimiento, y los controles son pacientes diabéticos sin antecedente de hospitalización en el último año.EmplazamientoCentros de atención primaria urbanos.ParticipantesLos casos fueron seleccionados consecutivamente en 4 de 5 hospitales generales urbanos (n=123). Los controles fueron elegidos al azar en la unidad de atención primaria de donde provenía el caso (n=135). Se excluyó a las mujeres con diabetes gestacional y a todos los que no contaban con expediente localizable (aproximadamente un 15%).MedicionesSe construyó un índice de atención primaria según las recomendaciones de la Asociación de Médicos Norteamericanos, la Comisión Conjunta de Acreditación de Organizaciones de Salud, el Comité Nacional de Aseguramiento para la Calidad, la Asociación Norteamericana de Diabetes y la Norma Oficial Mexicana. Se consideró que un cumplimiento menor al 60% correspondía a una atención subóptima.ResultadosLos factores de riesgo para la hospitalización fueron los siguientes: menos de 2 vistas al médico de familia en el último año (OR ajustada, 16,2; IC del 95%, 1,5–174,2), valor de glucosa (OR ajustada, 1,006; IC del 95%, 1,002–1,010) y nivel de conocimientos sobre la enfermedad (OR ajustada, 0,98; IC del 95%, 0,96–0,99), además de la práctica de ejercicio y el tiempo de diagnóstico. La atención primaria subóptima se registró en el 65,3% de los casos y el 49,1% de los controles (p=0,03) e incrementó 2,5 veces el riesgo de hospitalización (IC del 95%, 1,2–5,0; seudo R2=0,279; p < 0,001).ConclusionesLa evidencia disponible indica que la atención primaria puede ser un factor potencial para reducir la tasa de hospitalización por diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Los programas de manejo efectivos contribuirían a evitar hospitalizaciones innecesarias.ObjectiveTo determine the impact of primary care on hospitalization of type 2 diabetics with equal conditions of health insurance.DesignA case-control study. Case=diabetic hospitalized by a disease related condition. Control=diabetic without hospitalization during the last 12 months.SettingUrban primary care centers.ParticipantsCases were consecutively selected from four out of five urban hospitals (n=123). Controls were chosen at random from primary care units matched by primary care source (n=135).Women with gestational diabetes were excluded as well as individuals with missing medical charts (approximately 15%).MeasurementsA primary care index was constructed with process and outcome indicators recommended by the American Medical Association, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, the National Committee for Quality Assurance, the American Diabetes Association and the Official Mexican Standards. Compliance to less than 60% of recommendations was considered unsatisfactory primary care.ResultsThe following were hospitalization risk factors: less than 2 visits to family physician during the last year (OR adjusted, 16,2; 95% CI, 1,5–174,2), glucose level (OR adjusted, 1,006; 95% CI, 1,002–1,010) and cognitive level (OR adjusted, 0,98; 95% CI, 0,96–0,99), in addition to exercising and year of diagnosis. Sixty-five percent of cases observed unsatisfactory primary care compared with 49,1% of controls (P=0,03). Unsatisfactory primary care increased 2,5 times the risk of hospitalization (95% CI, 1,2–5,0) (pseudo R2=0,279; P<0,001).ConclusionsPrimary care is a potential factor for reducing hospitalization of type 2 diabetics. Effective primary care programs would contribute to a better disease control and less unnecessary hospitalizations

Comparação cinemática e neuromuscular de um exercício de abdominais no solo e na fitball

O objectivo deste estudo foi comparar a cinemática e a actividade neuromuscular em exercícios de abdominais no solo e na Fitball. Quinze jovens mulheres participaram voluntariamente neste estudo. Cada sujeito efectuou duas vezes, três séries de dez abdominais com um intervalo mínimo de 60 segundos entre cada série. O exercício foi efectuado uma vez no solo e outra na Fitball. Os dados cinemáticos e neuromusculares foram recolhidos ao longo de todo o protocolo. Foi avaliada a actividades neuromuscular do recto femoral, do recto abdominal superior, do recto abdominal inferior e do oblíquo externo. Um electrogoniómetro foi colocado entre a sexta costela e a crista ilíaca (coluna) e outro entre a crista ilíaca e a zona trocantérica (anca) para avaliação cinemática. O período do exercício entre as condições em estudo não foi significativo. O ângulo mínimo da anca e da coluna lombar foram significativamente inferiores durante a execução do exercício no solo do que na Fitball. A actividade neuromuscular foi significativamente superior quando o exercício foi realizado na Fitball do que no solo em todos os grupos musculares. Como conclusão, actividade neuromuscular é superior aquando da exercitação na Fitball do que no solo

Deep and shallow water effects on developing preschoolers’ aquatic skills

The aim of the study was to assess deep and shallow water teaching methods in swimming lessons for preschool children and identify variations in the basic aquatic skills acquired. The study sample included 32 swimming instructors (16 from deep water programs and 16 from shallow water programs) and 98 preschool children (50 from deep water swimming pool and 48 from shallow water swimming pool). The children were also studied regarding their previous experience in swimming (6, 12 and 18 months or practice). Chi-Square test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the teaching methodology. A discriminant analysis was conducted with Λ wilk's method to predict under what conditions students are better or worse (aquatic competence). Results suggest that regardless of the non-significant variations found in teaching methods, the water depth can affect aquatic skill acquisition - shallow water lessons seem to impose greater water competence particularly after 6 months of practice. The discriminant function revealed a significant association between groups and all predictors for 6 months of swimming practice (p <0.001). Body position in gliding and leg displacements were the main predictors. For 12 and 18 months of practice, the discriminant function do not revealed any significant association between groups. As a conclusion, it seems that the teaching methodology of aquatic readiness based on deep and shallow water programs for preschoolers is not significantly different. However, shallow water lessons could be preferable for the development of basic aquatic skills

Logarithmic extensions of minimal models: characters and modular transformations

We study logarithmic conformal field models that extend the (p,q) Virasoro minimal models. For coprime positive integers $p$ and $q$, the model is defined as the kernel of the two minimal-model screening operators. We identify the field content, construct the W-algebra W(p,q) that is the model symmetry (the maximal local algebra in the kernel), describe its irreducible modules, and find their characters. We then derive the SL(2,Z) representation on the space of torus amplitudes and study its properties. From the action of the screenings, we also identify the quantum group that is Kazhdan--Lusztig-dual to the logarithmic model.Comment: 43pp., AMSLaTeX++. V3: Some explanatory comments added, notational inaccuracies corrected, references adde

Role of SOX family of transcription factors in central nervous system tumors

SOX genes are developmental regulators with functions in the instruction of cell fate and maintenance of progenitor’s identity during embryogenesis. They play additional roles during tissue homeostasis and regeneration in adults particularly in the Central Nervous System (CNS). In the last years a growing number of evidences has shown that mutations and dysfunction of SOX factors are implicated in several human diseases, including a variety of cancers. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge about SOX family in CNS tumors and their role in the origin and maintenance of the subpopulation of cancer stem cells in these tumors

Resolutions and Characters of Irreducible Representations of the N=2 Superconformal Algebra

We evaluate characters of irreducible representations of the N=2 supersymmetric extension of the Virasoro algebra. We do so by deriving the BGG-resolution of the admissible N=2 representations and also a new 3,5,7...-resolution in terms of twisted massive Verma modules. We analyse how the characters behave under the automorphisms of the algebra, whose most significant part is the spectral flow transformations. The possibility to express the characters in terms of theta functions is determined by their behaviour under the spectral flow. We also derive the identity expressing every $\hat{sl}(2)$ character as a linear combination of spectral-flow transformed N=2 characters; this identity involves a finite number of N=2 characters in the case of unitary representations. Conversely, we find an integral representation for the admissible N=2 characters as contour integrals of admissible $\hat{sl}(2)$ characters.Comment: LaTeX2e: amsart, 34pp. An overall sign error corrected in (4.33) and several consequent formulas, and the presentation streamlined in Sec.4.2.3. References added. To appear in Nucl. Phys.