Second language acquisition of grammatical rules: The effects of learning condition, rule difficulty, and executive function

Learning a new language is an important goal that many individuals find difficult to achieve, particularly during adulthood. Several factors have related this variability to different extrinsic (learning condition, difficulty of the materials) and intrinsic (cognitive abilities) factors, but the interaction between them is barely known. In two experiments, participants learned English grammar rules in intentional (Experiment 1) or explicit (Experiment 2), and incidental learning-contexts. Overall, results of this study indicated that intentional-explicit conditions benefitted rule-learning, as compared to incidental conditions. This benefit was mainly present when participants were learning an easy-rule; explicit and incidental learning did not differ in the case of participants learning a difficult rule (Experiment 2). Moreover, individual differences in executive functioning predicted successful learning in interaction with difficulty. When learning an easy-rule, proactive control facilitated intentional learning. In contrast, when participants were learning a complex-rule, incidental learning was enhanced by lower involvement of proactive control.Universidad de Granad

Burnout in connection with the team of porters in the "Virgen de las Nieves" Hospital

Artículo tutorizado por Mónica Romero Sánchez, profesora del departamneto de Psicología Social de la Universidad de GranadaEn este estudio se mide la relación entre el Burnout y diferentes variables, como la edad de los trabajadores, los años trabajados y los hábitos de vida saludables. Entendiéndose el burnout como una respuesta psicológica prolongada debida a estresores crónicos del lugar de trabajo. Es un estudio correlacional que ha contado con la colaboración de 36 trabajadores, todos ellos del equipo de celadores del Hospital Virgen de las Nieves de Granada, que han completado una serie de cuestionarios. Los resultados muestran que únicamente hay una relación significativa entre la edad y el Burnout.This study measures the relation between the Burnout and different variables, like the age of the workers, the years worked and the healthy habits of life. Being understood burnout as a prolonged psychological response due to chronic stressors in the workplace. It is a correlational study which has counted with the participation of 36 workers, all of them from the porter’s team of the Virgen de las Nieves,s Hospital of Granada, they all have completed some questionnaires. The results show than it only has a significant relation between age and Burnout.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Psicología Social. Proyecto de Innovación Docente ReiDoCre

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover

Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied among cities. Sequencing 2074 genomes from 26 cities revealed that the evolution of urban-rural clines was best explained by adaptive evolution, but the degree of parallel adaptation varied among cities. Our results demonstrate that urbanization leads to adaptation at a global scale

Factores moduladores del aprendizaje gramatical en el segundo y tercer idioma

In the current technological era, connection among people spread throughout the globe is the norm more than the exception and knowing languages has become a necessary tool for professional, educational, and social endeavors. To strengthen foreign language knowledge and use, many educational systems have implemented English courses as a core subject. For instance, the Spanish educational system has had bilingual programs since 2004 in elementary and secondary schools (Palacios-Hidalgo, 2020). Nevertheless, while younger generations have the opportunity, tools, and motivation to acquire English to a high level of proficiency, successfully learning a language during adulthood is challenging and subject to strong variation among individuals. Advocates of the critical period hypotheses have focused much of their research on evidencing the difficulties in successfully achieving native-like proficiency after a certain age (Johnson & Newport, 1994; Hartshorne et al., 2018). However, language learning research has focused on understanding the variability associated with successful learning (Van Patten & Williams, 2015). As a result of these recent developments, different factors have been found to modulate language learning during adulthood, both intrinsic and extrinsic to the learner. Individual differences in cognitive abilities, especially those associated with memory abilities, cognitive (executive) control, and general intelligence, have been investigated in terms of their roles as intrinsic modulatory factors in successful learning. The main goal of this dissertation is to explore the complex interaction between intrinsic (individual differences) and extrinsic (learning condition, difficulty/complexity of the material, and testing time) factors in successful grammar learning during adulthood.Tesis Univ. Granada.Sistema Nacional de Garantía Juvenil and Programa Operativo de Empleo Juvenil (Junta de Andalucía)Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades-Fondos Feder (PGC2018-093786-BI00) (PID2019-111359GB- 100/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)Feder Andalucía (A-CTS-111-UGR18 and P20.00107)(A-SEJ-416-UGR20)Language Learning Gran

Burnout in connection with the team of porters in the "Virgen de las Nieves" Hospital

Artículo tutorizado por Mónica Romero Sánchez, profesora del departamneto de Psicología Social de la Universidad de GranadaEn este estudio se mide la relación entre el Burnout y diferentes variables, como la edad de los trabajadores, los años trabajados y los hábitos de vida saludables. Entendiéndose el burnout como una respuesta psicológica prolongada debida a estresores crónicos del lugar de trabajo. Es un estudio correlacional que ha contado con la colaboración de 36 trabajadores, todos ellos del equipo de celadores del Hospital Virgen de las Nieves de Granada, que han completado una serie de cuestionarios. Los resultados muestran que únicamente hay una relación significativa entre la edad y el Burnout.This study measures the relation between the Burnout and different variables, like the age of the workers, the years worked and the healthy habits of life. Being understood burnout as a prolonged psychological response due to chronic stressors in the workplace. It is a correlational study which has counted with the participation of 36 workers, all of them from the porter’s team of the Virgen de las Nieves,s Hospital of Granada, they all have completed some questionnaires. The results show than it only has a significant relation between age and Burnout.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Psicología Social. Proyecto de Innovación Docente ReiDoCre

Report from Working Group 3: Beyond the Standard Model physics at the HL-LHC and HE-LHC

This is the third out of five chapters of the final report [1] of the Workshop on Physics at HL-LHC, and perspectives on HE-LHC [2]. It is devoted to the study of the potential, in the search for Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics, of the High Luminosity (HL) phase of the LHC, defined as $3$ ab$^{-1}$ of data taken at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV, and of a possible future upgrade, the High Energy (HE) LHC, defined as $15$ ab$^{-1}$ of data at a centre-of-mass energy of 27 TeV. We consider a large variety of new physics models, both in a simplified model fashion and in a more model-dependent one. A long list of contributions from the theory and experimental (ATLAS, CMS, LHCb) communities have been collected and merged together to give a complete, wide, and consistent view of future prospects for BSM physics at the considered colliders. On top of the usual standard candles, such as supersymmetric simplified models and resonances, considered for the evaluation of future collider potentials, this report contains results on dark matter and dark sectors, long lived particles, leptoquarks, sterile neutrinos, axion-like particles, heavy scalars, vector-like quarks, and more. Particular attention is placed, especially in the study of the HL-LHC prospects, to the detector upgrades, the assessment of the future systematic uncertainties, and new experimental techniques. The general conclusion is that the HL-LHC, on top of allowing to extend the present LHC mass and coupling reach by $20-50\%$ on most new physics scenarios, will also be able to constrain, and potentially discover, new physics that is presently unconstrained. Moreover, compared to the HL-LHC, the reach in most observables will, generally more than double at the HE-LHC, which may represent a good candidate future facility for a final test of TeV-scale new physics

Report from Working Group 3 : Beyond the Standard Model Physics at the HL-LHC and HE-LHC

CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, vol 7 (2019)Contribution to: HL/HE-LHC WorkshopThis is the third out of five chapters of the final report [1] of the Workshop on Physics at HL-LHC, and perspectives on HE-LHC [2]. It is devoted to the study of the potential, in the search for Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) physics, of the High Luminosity (HL) phase of the LHC, defined as $3$ ab$^{-1}$ of data taken at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV, and of a possible future upgrade, the High Energy (HE) LHC, defined as $15$ ab$^{-1}$ of data at a centre-of-mass energy of 27 TeV. We consider a large variety of new physics models, both in a simplified model fashion and in a more model-dependent one. A long list of contributions from the theory and experimental (ATLAS, CMS, LHCb) communities have been collected and merged together to give a complete, wide, and consistent view of future prospects for BSM physics at the considered colliders. On top of the usual standard candles, such as supersymmetric simplified models and resonances, considered for the evaluation of future collider potentials, this report contains results on dark matter and dark sectors, long lived particles, leptoquarks, sterile neutrinos, axion-like particles, heavy scalars, vector-like quarks, and more. Particular attention is placed, especially in the study of the HL-LHC prospects, to the detector upgrades, the assessment of the future systematic uncertainties, and new experimental techniques. The general conclusion is that the HL-LHC, on top of allowing to extend the present LHC mass and coupling reach by $20-50\%$ on most new physics scenarios, will also be able to constrain, and potentially discover, new physics that is presently unconstrained. Moreover, compared to the HL-LHC, the reach in most observables will, generally more than double at the HE-LHC, which may represent a good candidate future facility for a final test of TeV-scale new physics

Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover

Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied among cities. Sequencing 2074 genomes from 26 cities revealed that the evolution of urban-rural clines was best explained by adaptive evolution, but the degree of parallel adaptation varied among cities. Our results demonstrate that urbanization leads to adaptation at a global scale