Factors that trigger childhood obesity, a public health problem

Obesity is a global pandemic and children are a vulnerable group. Obesity in childhood and adolescence has a negative impact on the health and burden of diseases at that stage of life and later on in adulthood. Therefore, it is crucial to seek strategies and interventions that prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents to improve the health conditions of a country. Aim. To determine the triggers of childhood obesity in Hidalgo as a public health problem in children aged 6 to 12 years. Material and methods. For the study the population relative to the parents will be taken as reference point, being a secondary source, of students of the six grades of primary education that comprise ages of 6 to 12 years. Results. The results show that 100% of people are aware of the concept of childhood obesity, but they continue with bad habits such as sedentary lifestyle and the consumption of junk food. Conclusion. People are aware of what childhood obesity is and the problems or consequences that it brings ith it, however, obesity and sedentary lifestyle predominate in several homes, and despite this knowledge, they do not modify their routine or their diet, Which is very important to prevent chronic degenerative diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis

Surgical multicenter collaborative studies: ¿What happen in Latin America?

Antecedentes: GlobalSurg es un grupo internacional de investigadores que tiene como propósito la conducción y la diseminación de robustos estudios colaborativos, internacionales y multicéntricos. Objetivo: Exponer las estrategias necesarias y las barreras encontradas en la conducción de estudios multicéntricos masivos en cirugía. Método: Durante el segundo semestre del año 2020 se llevó a cabo el estudio Surg-Week Prospective International Cohort Study, hasta la fecha el estudio internacional más grande en el campo de la cirugía, con 141,582 pacientes incluidos. Un total de 4975 miniequipos, de uno a cinco integrantes, recopilaron datos de 116 países de todos los continentes. Resultados: La creación de un sitio web oficial del estudio, reportes con información relevante vía e-mail o grupos vía WhatsApp, conformación de un comité de diseminación del protocolo, dictado de webinars sobre publicaciones recientes del equipo, designación de líderes nacionales e internacionales, y la divulgación por medio de sociedades, fueron las estrategias utilizadas para el desarrollo de la investigación. Sin embargo, las barreras detectadas para llevar a cabo el estudio multicéntrico fueron variadas. Conclusiones: Los trabajos colaborativos permiten establecer redes entre diferentes profesionales con el fin de mejorar la calidad de la gestión, las políticas sanitarias y la atención a los pacientes en tiempos de constante cambio.Background: GlobalSurg is an international group of researchers whose purpose is to conduct and disseminate robust collaborative, international and multicenter studies. Objective: To expose the necessary strategies and the barriers crossed in conducting massive multicenter studies in surgery. Method: During the second semester of 2020, the study Surg-Week Prospective International Cohort Study was carried out. Surg-Week has been the largest international study in the field of surgery to date, with 141,582 patients included. A total of 4975 mini-teams, of between 1 and 5 members, collected data from 116 countries on all continents. Results: The creation of an official website for the study, reports with relevant information via email or groups via WhatsApp, formation of a Dissemination Committee of the protocol, delivery of webinars on recent team publications, appointment of leaders at the national and international level, and outreach through partnerships, were the strategies used for the development of the research. However, the barriers turned out to involve different aspects. Conclusions: Collaborative work allows establishing networks between different professionals with the goal of improving the quality of management, health policies and care of our patients in a timely manner of constant change

Global wealth disparities drive adherence to COVID-safe pathways in head and neck cancer surgery

Peer reviewe

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Causas de pérdida de dientes en el embarazo en mujeres que acuden a un Servicio Dental

Introduction. Pregnancy constitutes a particular systemic condition that modifies oral and dental conditions. The tooth and the supporting and supporting tissues, the oral mucosa, among others, are direct targets that can be affected, for this reason, the changes that occur in pregnant women that condition the appearance or development of oral diseases must be taken into account. Objective. The objective of this study is to review the evidence in the literature and determine the factors that contribute to the appearance of oral disorders related to tooth loss during pregnancy. Materials and methods. A review of the literature was carried out on the main causes for which pregnant women lose teeth, as well as the main dental recommendations during this period. 20 articles were chosen; A search was performed using Medline, PubMed, Elsevier, Scielo. Results. The search of the databases analyzed 20 articles which were used for this study 4 where the main causes of tooth loss in pregnant women are determined, which are dental caries, salivary PH, changes in the periodontium and poor dietary habits and hygienic. Conclusions. Dental care is a safe and effective procedure throughout the pregnancy. Dentists must educate the pregnant patient about the importance of oral health, for her and her son, they must be warned about common oral manifestations and oral hygiene to avoid tooth loss during the gestation period, otherwise the results on your oral health will be negative.Introducción. El embarazo constituye una condición sistémica particular que modifica las condiciones bucodentales. El diente y los tejidos de soporte y sostén, la mucosa bucal entre otros, constituyen blancos directos que pueden afectarse, por este motivo se deben tener en cuenta las transformaciones ocurridas en las gestantes que condicionan la aparición o desarrollo de enfermedades bucales. Objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio es revisar la evidencia en la bibliografía y determinar los factores que contribuyen a la aparición de alteraciones bucales relacionadas con la pérdida de dientes durante el embarazo. Material y métodos. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura sobre las principales causas por las cuales las mujeres embarazadas pierden dientes, así como las principales recomendaciones odontológicas durante este periodo. Se eligieron 20 artículos; se realizó una búsqueda a partir de Medline, PubMed, Elsevier, Scielo.Resultados. La búsqueda en las bases de datos se analizaron 20 artículos los cuales se usaron para este estudio 4 donde se determinan las principales causas de pérdida de dientes en mujeres gestante, que son caries dental, PH salival, alteraciones del periodonto y malos hábitos dietéticos e higiénicos. Conclusiones. El cuidado dental es un procedimiento seguro y eficaz durante todo el embarazo. Los dentistas deben educar a la paciente embarazada sobre la importancia de la salud bucal, para ella y su hijo, deben ser advertidas sobre las manifestaciones orales comunes y la higiene oral para evitar pérdida de dientes durante el periodo de gestación, de lo contrario los resultados en su salud oral serán negativos

Estado nutricional y factores de riesgo para anemia en estudiantes de medicina

Aim. To evaluate the nutritional status of the medicine students of the population in Mexico, compare it with previous data and situate the most affected. Material and Methods. The sample consisted of 100 polls y 30 blood count, from the students of UAEH selected, the reference values of weight/age, weight/height and height/age. Results. Overall anemia affects 3 students according to blood count, and we discovered that the common pathologies are intestinal diseases in 23%. Conclusion. The results denote that the main factors for malnutrition are socioeconomic status and inadequate schedules for a balanced diet and therefore suffer from gastrointestinal diseases.Objetivo. Evaluar el estado nutricional de los estudiantes de medicina a partir de los factores de riesgo para anemia mediante una encuesta y biometría hemática. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio en 100 estudiantes de medicina a los cuales se les aplicó una encuesta y una biometría hemática en 30 de ellos. Resultados. El 30% señalan presentar enfermedades gastrointestinales (colitis y gastritis), el 10% de la muestra cursa con anemia y un 23% de la muestra presentó enfermedades infecciosas, entre ellas intestinales y respiratorias. Conclusión. Los resultados denotan que los factores de riesgo principales para desnutrición son el estatus socioeconómico, los horarios inadecuados para una alimentación balanceada y por tanto padecer enfermedades gastrointestinales

Nutritional status and risk factors for anemia in medical students

Aim. To evaluate the nutritional status of the medicine students of the population in Mexico, compare it with previous data and situate the most affected. Material and Methods. The sample consisted of 100 polls y 30 blood count, from the students of UAEH selected, the reference values of weight/age, weight/height and height/age. Results. Overall anemia affects 3 students according to blood count, and we discovered that the common pathologies are intestinal diseases in 23%. Conclusion. The results denote that the main factors for malnutrition are socioeconomic status and inadequate schedules for a balanced diet and therefore suffer from gastrointestinal diseases

Factores desencadenantes de obesidad infantil, un problema de salud pública

Obesity is a global pandemic and children are a vulnerable group. Obesity in childhood and adolescence has a negative impact on the health and burden of diseases at that stage of life and later on in adulthood. Therefore, it is crucial to seek strategies and interventions that prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents to improve the health conditions of a country. Aim. To determine the triggers of childhood obesity in Hidalgo as a public health problem in children aged 6 to 12 years. Material and methods. For the study the population relative to the parents will be taken as reference point, being a secondary source, of students of the six grades of primary education that comprise ages of 6 to 12 years. Results. The results show that 100% of people are aware of the concept of childhood obesity, but they continue with bad habits such as sedentary lifestyle and the consumption of junk food. Conclusion. People are aware of what childhood obesity is and the problems or consequences that it brings with it, however, obesity and sedentary lifestyle predominate in several homes, and despite this knowledge, they do not modify their routine or their diet, Which is very important to prevent chronic degenerative diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis.La obesidad es una pandemia mundial y los niños son un grupo vulnerable. La obesidad en la niñez y la adolescencia tiene un impacto negativo en la salud y carga de enfermedades en esa etapa de vida y, posteriormente, en la adultez. Por ello, es crucial buscar estrategias e intervenciones que prevengan el sobrepeso y la obesidad infantil y del adolescente para así mejorar las condiciones de salud de un país. Objetivo. Determinar los factores desencadenantes de obesidad infantil en Hidalgo como un problema de salud pública en niños de 6 a 12 años. Material y métodos. Para el estudio se tomará como punto de referencia la población concerniente a los padres de familia, siendo una fuente secundaria, de alumnos de los seis grados de educación primaria que comprenden edades de 6 a 12 años. Resultados. Los resultados arrojan que el 100% de las personas tiene conocimiento del concepto de obesidad infantil, pero siguen con malos hábitos como el sedentarismo y el consumo de comida chatarra. Conclusión. Las personas tienen conocimiento respecto a lo que es la obesidad infantil y los problemas o consecuencias que trae consigo, sin embargo, en varios hogares predominan la obesidad y el sedentarismo, y a pesar de este conocimiento, no modifican su rutina o su alimentación, lo cual es muy importante para prevenir enfermedades crónico-degenerativas como diabetes, hipertensión, dislipidemias y arterosclerosis

HELLP syndrome in relation to various clinical factors in a hospital in the State of Hidalgo

Objective. To determine the prevalence of HELLP syndrome in relation to several clinical factors in the State of Hidalgo. Material and methods. This is a study of cases. The population of study, is composed of women who during their pregnancy have suffered HELLP syndrome after having suffered preeclampsia in a Hospital of Pachuca. Results. Within the complications, all patients had hyperreflexia and thrombocytopenia. 3 of them suffered headache. There was no previous preeclampsia, no nausea, jaundice, hematuria, or eclampsia. Half of the patients with HELLP presented not very high arterial hypertension, even asymptomatic, and 2 of them showed edema. There was epigastralgia, cholecystitis and liver failure in only one patient of 4. Out of a total of 8436 outpatients in the Pachuca Obstetrical Hospital, 4 patients had HELLP syndrome, with an incidence of 0.04%. Of the total of 4 patients 2 presented severe preeclampsia. Conclusion. So far, no cases have been reported in the cases treated with this syndrome in the institution where the study was carried out

Síndrome de HELLP en relación a diversos factores clínicos en un hospital del Estado de Hidalgo

Objective. To determine the prevalence of HELLP syndrome in relation to several clinical factors in the State of Hidalgo. Material and methods. This is a study of cases. The population of study, is composed of women who during their pregnancy have suffered HELLP syndrome after having suffered preeclampsia in a Hospital of Pachuca. Results. Within the complications, all patients had hyperreflexia and thrombocytopenia. 3 of them suffered headache. There was no previous preeclampsia, no nausea, jaundice, hematuria, or eclampsia. Half of the patients with HELLP presented not very high arterial hypertension, even asymptomatic, and 2 of them showed edema. There was epigastralgia, cholecystitis and liver failure in only one patient of 4. Out of a total of 8436 outpatients in the Pachuca Obstetrical Hospital, 4 patients had HELLP syndrome, with an incidence of 0.04%. Of the total of 4 patients 2 presented severe preeclampsia. Conclusion. So far, no cases have been reported in the cases treated with this syndrome in the institution where the study was carried out.Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia del Síndrome de HELLP en relación a diversos factores clínicos en el Estado de Hidalgo. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio de casos. La población objeto de estudio, se compone de mujeres que durante su embarazo han padecido Síndrome de HELLP tras haber sufrido preeclampsia en un Hospital de Pachuca. Resultados. Dentro de las complicaciones, todas las pacientes presentaron hiperreflexia y plaquetopenia. 3 de ellas sufrieron cefalea. En ninguna hubo preeclampsias previas, tampoco náuseas, ictericia, hematuria o eclampsia. La mitad de las pacientes con HELLP presentaron hipertensión arterial no muy alta, incluso asintomáticas, y de igual manera 2 de ellas mostraban edema. Hubo epigastralgia, colecistitis y falla hepática solo en una paciente de un total de 8436 egresos que hubo en el Hospital obstétrico de Pachuca, 4 pacientes presentaron Síndrome de HELLP, arrojando una incidencia de 0.04%. Del total de 4 pacientes 2 presentaron preeclampsia severa. Conclusión. Hasta el momento, no se han informado decesos presentados en los casos tratados con este síndrome en la institución donde se llevó a cabo el estudio