Fast growing tree species in agroforestry systems: soil, tree growth and understory biodiversity

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50 anos do golpe no Brasil: perguntas e debates face à produção historiográfica

Anais das IV Jornadas Internacionais de Problemas Latino-Americanos: Lutas, Experiências e Debates na América Latina - ISBN 978-950-793-223-6 - Orgs. Paulo Renato da Silva ; Mario Ayala ; Fabricio Pereira da Silva ; Fernando José MartinsAl cumplirse este año el cincuentenario del inicio del Golpe de Estado en Brasil, asistimos a un incremento de las publicaciones sobre la temática. En las mismas, encontramos un predominio de las visiones que se centran en estudiar el consenso, las “zonas grises” y la participación civil en términos ampliados. Como estudiantes e investigadoras argentinas nos surgieron varios in- terrogantes acerca de las consecuencias políticas de dichas investigaciones. En este trabajo nos proponemos abordar críticamente las perspectivas historiográficas que se expresan en dichos escritos. Entendemos que la producción académica no puede estar escindida de la disputa polí- tica de conseguir juzgar a los responsables de la dictadura cívico militar que tuvo lugar entre 1964 y 1985.PPG – IELA – UNIL

Open-charm mesons in nuclear matter at finite temperature beyond the zero-range approximation

The properties of open charm mesons, D, D, D{sub s}, and D{sub s} in nuclear matter at finite temperature are studied within a self-consistent coupled-channel approach. The interaction of the low-lying pseudoscalar mesons with the ground-state baryons in the charm sector is derived from a t-channel vector-exchange model. The in-medium scattering amplitudes are obtained by solving the Lippmann-Schwinger equation at finite temperature including Pauli blocking effects, baryon dressing, as well as D, D, D{sub s}, and D{sub s} self-energies taking their mutual influence into account. We find that the in-medium properties of the D meson are affected by the D{sub s}-meson self-energy through the intermediate D{sub s}Y loops coupled to DN states. Similarly, dressing the D meson in the DY loops has an influence over the properties of the D{sub s} meson

Agroforestry Innovation and CAP, impact on climate change, bio-economy and circular economy

This PhD analyses the current status of the two most important agroforestry practices in the Mediterranean region: silvoarable and silvopasture as well also evaluate the fertilization with urban sewage sludge as fertilizer in a silvopasture system in Galicia as sustainable land management techniques. The reduced extent of silvoarable and silvopasture practices in Europe is an opportunity that should be promoted by the CAP through supportive actions involving bioeconomy and circular economy concepts. Carbon sequestration in silvopasture depends on the input of external fertilizers to overcome the cation extractions but also depends on weather conditions, which make necessary to establish control plots to account carbon sequestration related with management in the post 2020 CAP

Numerical assessment of T-Stub component subject to impact loading

Since the partial collapse of the Ronan Point apartment in London in 1968, requirements for the avoidance of disproportionate collapse are addressed in the design codes. Despite these requirements, the ability of steel connections to sustain large tensile forces whilst undergoing significant rotations has been questioned by recent studies and real evidences (as for example the collapse of the WTC towers in 2001). A point raised in FEMA’s report is: “Connection performance under impact loads… needs to be analytically understood and quantified for improved design capabilities and performance as critical components in structural frames”. Additionally, a recent report presented by Arup made the following recommendation (rec. nº 26): “… the strain rate enhancement of yield strengths in connections could still be important. It is recommended that research is undertaken to examine this effect using rate-sensitive material models”. Ductility of joints under accidental loadings, such as impact and fire are being investigated in the scope of the FCT project “IMPACTFIRE”, at the University of Coimbra. This paper presents and describes the results of a finite element model for the characterization of: i) the nonlinear behaviour of a bolted t-stub component under impact loading and ii) its strain-rate sensitivity. In order to identify relevant parameters that influence the dynamic behaviour of the t-stub, the effect of the loading magnitude, the effect of t-stub thickness and advantages of using implicit or explicit integration procedures are also studied

Carbon storage in the soil under different land uses in the south of Portugal

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Transport Properties of Superfluid Phonons in Neutron Stars

We review the effective field theory associated with the superfluid phonons that we use for the study of transport properties in the core of superfluid neutrons stars in their low temperature regime. We then discuss the shear and bulk viscosities together with the thermal conductivity coming from the collisions of superfluid phonons in neutron stars. With regard to shear, bulk, and thermal transport coefficients, the phonon collisional processes are obtained in terms of the equation of state and the superfluid gap. We compare the shear coefficient due to the interaction among superfluid phonons with other dominant processes in neutron stars, such as electron collisions. We also analyze the possible consequences for the r-mode instability in neutron stars. As for the bulk viscosities, we determine that phonon collisions contribute decisively to the bulk viscosities inside neutron stars. For the thermal conductivity resulting from phonon collisions, we find that it is temperature independent well below the transition temperature. We also obtain that the thermal conductivity due to superfluid phonons dominates over the one resulting from electron-muon interactions once phonons are in the hydrodynamic regime. As the phonons couple to the Z electroweak gauge boson, we estimate the associated neutrino emissivity. We also briefly comment on how the superfluid phonon interactions are modified in the presence of a gravitational field or in a moving background.publishedVersio

T-stub model under impact load – numerical model validation

Este artigo apresenta a validação de um modelo numérico para o estudo da resposta dinâmica não-linear de T-stub’s, desenvolvido com o software ABAQUS. O T-stub é usado no “método das componentes” para definição da resposta das componentes que mais contribuem para a ductilidade de ligações metálicas aparafusadas, nomeadamente a chapa de extremidade em flexão. O comportamento numérico do T-stub é validado recorrendo aos resultados obtidos em ensaios experimentais sob regime quase estático e também sob carregamentos dinâmicos de curta duração. Neste estudo são considerados T-stub’s soldados com banzos de espessura 10 e 15 mm em aço S355 e parafusos de dimensão M20 e de classe 8.8. O modelo numérico inclui a representação dos efeitos de possíveis taxas de deformação elevadas, com base na caracterização do material a partir de testes de Split Hopkinson Bar em compressão com uma taxa de deformação de 600 s-1.ABSTRACT: This article presents the validation of a finite element model developed to study the non-linear dynamic response of the T-stub model. The T-stub model is used in the “component method” to establish the behaviour of components contributing the most for a joint’s ductility, namely the “end-plate” in bending. The numerical model is built with the software ABAQUS and validated against experimental tests under quasi-static and short transient dynamic loads. The study comprises welded T-stubs with flange thicknesses of 10 and 15 mm made of steel S355 and bolted with M20’s class 8.8. The numerical model takes into account possible elevated strain rate effects according to material characterization performed with compressive Spilt Hopkinson Bar tests at 600 s-

Numerical validation of t-stub componente subject to impact load

Accidental loadings due to blast or impact may easily cause failure of the elements that are exposed or located in the vicinity of the hazard, leading in some cases, to the progressive collapse of the whole structure; therefore, assessment of the structural over strength is critical for structural engineers to ensure a certain level of security and validate alternative unloading paths. The T-stub model is used to describe the behaviour of components i) “column flange in bending” and ii) “endplate in bending” usually present in a beam-to-column bending resistant connection [1]. These components are responsible for the behaviour in the tension zone of connections, being able to provide ductility to a connection; thus, proper characterization of T-stub behaviour under impact loading is crucial. In this paper, a 3D finite element model exploring the behaviour of a welded T-stub with flange thickness of 10 mm (T-10) (Fig. 1) is validated against experimental results from: i) one quasi-static loading (reference case) (grey dotted line Fig. 2 and Fig. 4); ii) and two rapidly applied dynamic loadings according to the gas pressure in the chamber: a. 120 Bar (Impact #1 - T10-D120-160 - Fig. 2); and b. 160 Bar (Impact #1 - T10-D160 - Fig. 4) [2]. The steel grade of the T-stub is S355 and the bolts M20 grade 8.8 are fully threaded. The dynamic loading simulations take into account the elevated strain rate effects in the stress enhancement, based on dynamic increase factors, following the Johnson-Cook material model [3]. The dynamic loadings are applied as a boundary condition in the “pull out surface” (Fig. 1) considering the Tstub’s transient displacement responses obtained from experimental tests; maximum displacement values are reached in approximately 0.08 sec. The accuracy of the numerical force-displacement predictions for both quasi-static and dynamic loading schemes confirms that the Johnson-Cook material model used, provide accurate stress enhancement to describe the behaviour of bolted steel connections subject to impact loadings. From Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, it can be observed that the elastic stiffness remains unchanged for all loading schemes: ki = 180 kN/m, as the steel’s elastic modulus introduced in the numerical models are the same for both quasi-static and dynamic situations; moreover, the strain rates developed are similar for both dynamic loading (Fig. 3), inducing the same dynamic increase factors for the stress enhancement; the F-δ flows are therefore, similar for both numerical dynamic responses but with different failure displacements. Plastic resistances of the T-stub: FRd,quasi-static = 161 kN and FRd,120 Bar = FRd,160 Bar = 195 kN; corresponding to an enhancement of +21% of the plastic resistance due to the elevated strain rate effects. Fig. 3 illustrates the pattern of the strain rate (ER), ranging from 1/s to 3/s in the plastic hinge developed next to the weld toe, corresponding to a DIFs of 1.27 and 1.31. Furthermore, comparison of the equivalent plastic strain (PEEQ) pattern for both loading situations, shows that two plastic hinges are developed per flange leg, consistently with the plastic failure mode type 1 predicted by the Eurocode 3, part 1.8 [1]. However, in the dynamic case, the plastic hinges are slightly underdeveloped and higher strains are required in the bolt to meet the same deformation level