Efeito da fertilização azotada de viveiro na produção precoce de primavera em lançamentos long cane de duas variedades de framboesa remontante: Kweli e Imara

V Colóquio Nacional da Produção de Pequenos Frutos. Sessão 1 - A produçaõ de pequenos frutos em solo, substrato e hidroponiaEm Portugal, a tecnologia de produção em lançamentos long cane é utilizada na produção precoce de primavera. A fertilização azotada de viveiro pode influenciar o crescimento dos lançamentos em viveiro e o armazenamento de reservas de azoto nas raízes necessárias para o crescimento após plantação. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os resultados do efeito da fertilização azotada de viveiro no crescimento e na produção precoce de primavera em lançamentos long cane. Plantas das variedades ‘Kweli’ e ‘Imara’ produzidas em vaso e sujeitas no primeiro ano de crescimento a 9 diferentes tratamentos de fertilização azotada com variações no nível de azoto mineral (125, 175 e 225 mg L-1) e na percentagem de azoto amoniacal (8, 16 ou 24 %), foram armazenadas em câmara frigorífica durante um período de 21 dias a 0-2 °C, transplantadas para o solo e em túnel no final de janeiro e acompanhadas durante o período de colheita, entre maio e junho. O aumento do nível de azoto na fertilização de viveiro conduziu a um aumento do teor de azoto e fósforo nas raízes após o período de dormência e ao aumento do teor de azoto nos substratos. No entanto, os diferentes tratamentos de fertilização de viveiro não tiveram influência nos componentes de rendimento e estruturais da planta, nem no peso final da produção. As variedades apresentaram uma produção potencial semelhante, com uma produção por lançamento satisfatória, tendo a variedade ‘Kweli’ produzido ao nível comercial 1,8 kg m-2 e a variedade ‘Imara’ 1,6 kg m-2. De acordo com os resultados, conclui-se que, para as condições do ensaio e para os níveis de fertilização estudados, não se justifica a utilização de soluções nutritivas com concentrações de azoto (N) superiores a 125 mg L-1, sendo recomendado que, em estudos futuros, sejam testados níveis de azoto mais baixos, e que sejam utilizados inibidores de nitrificação junto com a fertilização, no sentido de compreender melhor o efeito do azoto amoniacal neste sistemainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The effects of different concentrations of the α2-Adrenoceptor Agonist Medetomidine on basal excitatory synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity in hippocampal slices of adult mice

α2-Adrenoceptor agonists are used frequently in human and veterinary anesthesia as sedative/analgesic drugs. However, they can impair cognition. Little is known about the concentration-dependent effects of α2-adrenoceptor agonists on synaptic plasticity, the neurophysiological basis of learning and memory. Therefore, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of medetomidine, an α2-adrenoceptor agonist, on basal excitatory synaptic transmission and on 2 forms of synaptic plasticity: paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) and long-term potentiation (LTP).Funding: This work was supported by FCT (Lisbon, Portugal) and cofunded by COMPETE: 01-0124-FEDER-009497 (Lisbon, Portugal), through the project grants PTDC/CVT/099022/2008 and PTDC/SAU-NSC/122254/2010 and through a personal PhD grant (SFRH /BD/48883/2008) to Patrícia do Céu Oliveira Ribeiro and by QREN (09-68-ESR-FP-010).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Funding Information: This research was funded through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), I.P., under Project UIDB04045/2020. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).Background: Physical activity is essential in acquiring healthy lifestyle behaviors in the early years of maturational development and preventing various diseases. Resistance training (RT) is fundamental for improving body composition and is increasingly recommended for obese adolescents. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to synthesize and analyze data on the effects of RT programs in this population, seeking to develop useful recommendations for health and sports professionals. Methods: A search was performed using four databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect). According to specific inclusion criteria, twenty-one studies were selected to evaluate the impact of RT on body mass index (BMI), body fat, waist circumference, muscle strength, insulin sensitivity, lean mass and cardiorespiratory fitness. Results: After the RT programs, the adolescents improved their muscle strength (SMD, 1.44; 95% CI: 0.76–2.12), cardiorespiratory fitness (SMD, 1.09; 95% CI: 0.15–2.04), BMI (SMD, 0.21; 95% CI: 0.07–0.35), waist circumference (SMD, 0.27; 95% CI: 0.06–0.47) and body fat (SMD, 0.20; 95% CI: 0.05–0.34). However, insulin sensitivity (SMD, 0.32; 95% CI: − 0.47 to 1.10) and lean mass (SMD, 0.12; 95% CI: − 0.06 to 0.31) did not reveal any changes. Different RT programs were used but it seems that 2–3 times/week ∼60 min/session of RT for 12 weeks should be recommended for positive changes. Conclusions: RT seems to be effective when the objective is to improve muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness and can be an efficient strategy to reduce obesity in adolescents by reducing body fat, waist circumference and body mass index. PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42022333411.publishersversionpublishe

Mental health problems among medical students in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: To provide a comprehensive picture of mental health problems (MHPs) in Brazilian medical students by documenting their prevalence and association with co-factors. Methods: We systematically searched the MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and PsycINFO databases for cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of MHPs among medical students in Brazil published before September 29, 2016. We pooled prevalences using a random-effects meta-analysis, and summarized factors associated with MHP. Results: We included 59 studies in the analysis. For meta-analyses, we identified the summary prevalence of different MHPs, including depression (25 studies, prevalence 30.6%), common mental disorders (13 studies, prevalence 31.5%), burnout (three studies, prevalence 13.1%), problematic alcohol use (three studies, prevalence 32.9%), stress (six studies, prevalence 49.9%), low sleep quality (four studies, prevalence 51.5%), excessive daytime sleepiness (four studies, prevalence 46.1%), and anxiety (six studies, prevalence 32.9%). Signs of lack of motivation, emotional support, and academic overload correlated with MHPs. Conclusion: Several MHPs are highly prevalent among future physicians in Brazil. Evidence-based interventions and psychosocial support are needed to promote mental health among Brazilian medical students.Escola Super Ciencias Santa Casa Misericordia Vit, Fac Med, Vitoria, ES, BrazilNatl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Alice Lee Ctr Nursing Studies, Singapore, SingaporeUniv Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Cardiol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Cardiol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Using participatory mapping to Foster Community-Based disaster risk reduction in Forest Fire-Prone Areas: the case of Monchique in Portugal

Local knowledge and communities’ active role in disaster risk areas are recognized in the literature as key conditions to better understand risks, enhance adaptive capacities and foster local resilience. A participatory action research project in forest fire-prone areas in Monchique, Portugal, is aligned with the literature and adopts participatory mapping as a method that can bring evidence to the importance of local knowledge and communities’ agency. In the BRIDGE Project, different types of knowledge are integrated, triggering local/collective agency and fostering a forest fire community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) approach. An innovation laboratory (InnoLab) provides the space for dialogue and knowledge sharing for different actors that manage forest territories. In the InnoLab, participatory mapping is used as a method to engage landowners where risk factors and local vulnerabilities were identified. Their active engagement enabled a collective perception in the assessment of vulnerability and led to the identification of strategic measures for risk reduction. This paper shares the process and outcomes of this participatory mapping, highlighting the benefits of a community approach and the importance of local knowledge and practices as recognized in the literature. It also reveals how the active role of local stakeholders can help drive a CBDRR process.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Aortic Stenosis and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Implications for Management

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease among elderly patients. Since the pathophysiology of degenerative AS shares common pathways with atherosclerotic disease, the severity of AS in the elderly population is often concurrent to the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD). Although surgical aortic valve replacement has been the standard treatment for severe AS, the high operative morbidity and mortality in complex and fragile patients was the trigger to develop less invasive techniques. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has been posed as the standard of care for elderly patients with severe AS with various risk profiles, which has meant that the concomitant management of CAD has become a crucial issue in such patients. Given the lack of randomised controlled trials evaluating the management of CAD in TAVI patients, most of the recommendations are based on retrospective cohort studies so that the Heart Team approach – together with an assessment of multiple parameters including symptoms and clinical characteristics, invasive and non-invasive ischaemic burden and anatomy – are crucial for the proper management of these patients. This article provides a review of current knowledge about assessment and therapeutic approaches for CAD and severe AS in patients undergoing TAVI

An Eye for Possibilities in the Development of Children with Cerebral Palsy: Neurobiology and Neuropsychology in a Cultural-Historical Dynamic Understanding

Taking children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) as an example, the article seeks an understanding ofchildren with disabilities that connects neuropsychological theories of neural development withthe situated cognition perspective and the child as an active participant in its social practices. Theearly brain lesion of CP is reconceptualised as a neurobiological constraint that exists in therelations between the neural, cognitive and social levels. Through a multi-method study of twochildren with CP, it is analysed how neurobiological constraints arise, evolve and sometimes areresolved through local matches between the child and its social practices. The result is discussedas support of a developmental science approach that includes processes at the social practice levelalong with knowledge of biological processes

Reply to: comment on: The benefits of resistance training in obese adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

We thank Dr. Zhang [1] for his interest in our literature review about the effects of resistance training (RT) programs in obese adolescents [2]. In the review, we analyzed 21 studies to evaluate the impact of RT on body mass index, body fat, waist circumference, lean mass, insulin sensitivity, muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Our main findings showed that RT programs seem to be positive for obese adolescents, improving muscle strength and cardiorespiratory fitness and reducing body fat, waist circumference, and body mass index. Yet, we were clear to advise the reader that the results should be carefully analyzed, and some limitations were addressed, for example, (i) the small number of participants in each study; (ii) the use/comparison of different training programs (i.e., varying durations, intensities, and exercises); (iii) methodological issues (i.e., with an unclear or high risk of bias); (iv) unclear dietary control of participants; and (v) maturational-related issues. We understand that these limitations should not refrain professionals from critically appreciating our results and then designing RT programs for obese adolescents.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio