PUBLIC DEBT CYCLICALITY AND LONG-RUN GROWTH

This paper investigates the relationship between public debt cyclicality and economic growth. It expands the classical Barro (1990) model by relaxing the balanced budget hypothesis, and by introducing the existence of public spending adjustments costs. Our main findings are that the optimal volatility of public debt and consequently of output is different from zero. In other words there is an optimal volatility of public debt that policy makers should achieve to maximize growth.Este artigo busca investigar a relação entre ciclicalidade da dívida pública e o crescimento econômico. O artigo de Barro (1990) é expandido por se relaxar a hipótese de orçamento equilibrado do governo e introduzindo custos de ajustamento aos gastos públicos. Os principais resultados são que a volatilidade ótima da dívida pública e consequentemente do produto são diferentes de zero. Em outras palavras isso significa que há uma volatilidade da dívida pública ótima que os “policy makers” devem alcançar para maximizar o crescimento e o bem estar

Why is Academia sometimes detached from firms’ problems? The unattractiveness of research on organizational decline

We examined how scholars decide what they study, scrutinizing researchers’ problem choice. We qualitatively analyzed a survey conducted by e-mail with 40 top management scholars on organizational decline in top ranked journals. This topic appears to be neglected despite the real life evidence that the performance of firms is declining at an increasingly rapid pace. We conducted a content analysis of motivation to undertake, remain with, or abandon research. We found explanations for what researchers’ study specifically related to concerns over tenure and promotion, difficulty in conducting research, and the general unattractiveness of ‘negative’ themes that lead scholars to avoid a research topic. We contribute to studies on problem choice in management research by explaining why relevant economic and societal research agendas are under-researched. Our findings indicate that motivation not to undertake is related to extrinsic factors. Motivations to remain are usually intrinsic. However, motivations to abandon may be intrinsic, in order to move on to another research project, or extrinsic, depending on the situation. It also serves as a warning that scholars may be paying excessive attention to mainstream theoretical approaches and topics, inhibiting the emergence of new ideas and detracting attention from phenomena that are important for teaching.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Organizational decline research review: challenges and issues for a future research agenda

Organizational decline is related to the deterioration of the resource base and performance of an organization for a sustained period of time. Although some studies have been conducted, it remains an understudied phenomenon, despite its importance. The study of organizational decline is faced with challenges to improving and increasing research. In this study, we analyze the scientific field of organizational decline in business and management journals with a high impact factor. We conducted a mixed-method study: a bibliometric study of a sample of 214 articles, and a qualitative study with 41 authors. We used an analysis of citations, co-citations and factor analysis. This enabled the identification of the most influential works and their conceptual approaches. The interviews with the authors were analyzed using content analysis, which complemented our understanding of the challenges and problems facing the theme. The results show that organizational decline can be organized into three different aspects: organizational decline itself; studies on turnaround; and mortality. Specific challenges to overcome are related to a better definition, cognitive issues and other issues on decision-making and specific methodological problems. In addition, it is necessary to evaluate whether theories that explain growth are also able to explain decline.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Credibilidade e Sustentabilidade da Política Fiscal no Brasil: uma Avaliação Empírica

Este trabalho avalia se a política fiscal adotada pelo Brasil no período de 1982 a 2010 foi crível no sentido de cooperar para a manutenção da estabilidade de preços. Nesse sentido, se os custos para a manutenção do programa de estabilidade de preços forem superiores aos benefícios, não há incentivos para o governo mantê-lo. Dentro desse contexto, é desenvolvido um modelo em que a autoridade econômica minimiza uma função de perda que depende do déficit orçamentário e da senhoriagem com fins de manter a estabilidade de preços. Os resultados mostram que nos períodos de implementação de políticas de estabilização de preços em que houve ajuste fiscal restritivo ou que a aprovação do governo pela população era elevada, a credibilidade da política fiscal foi classificada como forte.Número de páginas: 75 p.Políticas EconômicasPrêmio SOF de monografia 2011- Tema 1: Qualidade do Gasto Público. 1º Luga

Functional performance on the six-minute walk test in patients with cystic fibrosis

OBJECTIVE: To compare patients with cystic fibrosis and healthy individuals in terms of their functional performance on the six-minute walk test (6MWT). METHODS: A prospective, cross-sectional study involving healthy individuals and patients with cystic fibrosis treated at a referral university hospital in the city of Campinas, Brazil. The 6MWT was administered in accordance with the American Thoracic Society guidelines, and it was repeated after a 30-min rest period. For all of the participants, RR, HR, SpO2, and Borg scale scores were obtained. For the cystic fibrosis patients, nutritional status and spirometric values were determined. Patients with pulmonary exacerbation were excluded. Spearman's correlation coefficient and repeated measures ANOVA were used. RESULTS: The cystic fibrosis group comprised 55 patients, and the control group comprised 185 healthy individuals. The mean ages were 12.2 ± 4.3 and 11.3 ± 4.3 years, respectively. The six-minute walk distance (6MWD) was significantly shorter in the cystic fibrosis group than in the control group for both tests (547.2 ± 80.6 m vs. 610.3 ± 53.4 m for the first and 552.2 ± 82.1 m vs. 616.2 ± 58.0 m for the second; p < 0.0001 for both). The 6MWD correlated with age, weight, and height only in the cystic fibrosis group. During the tests, SpO2 remained stable, whereas HR and RR increased. CONCLUSIONS: In our sample, functional performance on the 6MWT was poorer among the cystic fibrosis patients than among the healthy controls in the same age bracket, and we found immediate repetition of the test to be unadvisable.OBJETIVO: Comparar pacientes com fibrose cística e indivíduos saudáveis quanto ao desempenho funcional no teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6). MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal e prospectivo, com indivíduos saudáveis e com fibrose cística de um hospital universitário de referência na cidade de Campinas (SP). O TC6 foi aplicado de acordo com as normas da American Thoracic Society e repetido após 30 min de repouso. Foram determinados FR, FC, SpO2 e escore da escala de Borg em todos os participantes, assim como o status nutricional e valores espirométricos para os pacientes com fibrose cística. Excluíram-se pacientes em exacerbação pulmonar. Foram utilizados coeficientes de correlação de Spearman e ANOVA para medidas repetidas. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 55 pacientes no grupo fibrose cística e 185 indivíduos saudáveis no grupo controle, com médias de idade de 12,2 ± 4,3 anos e 11,3 ± 4,3 anos, respectivamente. A distância percorrida no TC6 (DTC6) foi significativamente menor no grupo fibrose cística que no grupo controle em ambos os testes (547,2 ± 80,6 m vs. 610,3 ± 53,4 m no primeiro e 552,2 ± 82,1 m vs. 616,2 ± 58,0 m no segundo; p < 0,0001 para ambos). A DTC6 se correlacionou com idade, peso e altura somente no grupo fibrose cística. A SpO2 manteve-se estável durante o teste, com aumento da FC e da FR. CONCLUSÕES: Nesta amostra, os pacientes com fibrose cística apresentaram um menor desempenho funcional no TC6 quando comparados a indivíduos saudáveis de mesma faixa etária, sem a necessidade de repetição imediata do teste.73574

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene mutations and glutathione S-transferase null genotypes in cystic fibrosis patients in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects that mutation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene and deletion of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes mu-1 (GSTM1) and theta-1 (GSTT1) have on the clinical course of cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients residing in the southeastern region of Brazil. METHODS: The study sample consisted of all consecutive CF patients treated at the Hospital de Clínicas School of Medical Sciences of the State University at Campinas between March of 2002 and March of 2005. We included 66 CF patients. Genomic DNA was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease digestion for the identification of the genotypes. RESULTS: The DF508 mutation of the CFTR gene was found in 44 patients (66.7%). The null genotypes GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTM1/GSTT1 were found in 40.9%, 15.2%, and 3.0% of the patients, respectively. The DF508 CFTR mutation was more common in patients diagnosed with CF before 2.5 years of age than in those diagnosed later (75.5% vs. 41.2%; p = 0.008). The frequency of the DF508 CFTR mutation, as well as of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes, was not found to be associated with gender, ethnicity, pulmonary disease status, or pancreatic disease status. CONCLUSIONS: When the patients were stratified by clinical and epidemiological features, the frequencies of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes were similar, suggesting that the inherited absence of these enzymatic pathways does not alter the course of CF. However, the high frequency of the DF508 CFTR mutation found in younger children suggests that it influences the age at diagnosis of CF in this region of Brazil.OBJETIVO: Determinar os efeitos que a mutação do gene cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) e da deleção dos genes glutationa S-transferase (GST) mu-1 (GSTM1) e teta-1 (GSTT1) têm na evolução clínica da fibrose cística (FC) em pacientes da região sudeste do Brasil. MÉTODOS: Entre março de 2002 e março de 2005, incluímos no estudo todos os pacientes com FC atendidos consecutivamente no Departamento de Pediatria do Hospital de Clínicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. O DNA genômico de 66 pacientes com FC foi analisado por PCR e digestão com endonuclease de restrição para a identificação dos genótipos. RESULTADOS: A mutação &#916;F508 do gene CFTR foi identificada em 44 (66,7%) pacientes. As deleções dos genes GSTM1, GSTT1 e da combinação nula GSTM1/GSTT1 foram identificadas em 40,9%, 15,2% e 3,0% dos pacientes, respectivamente. A mutação &#916;F508 do gene CFTR foi mais comum em pacientes diagnosticados com FC antes dos 2,5 anos de idade que naqueles diagnosticados mais tarde (75,5% vs. 41,2%; p = 0,008). CONCLUSÕES: Foram observadas frequências similares da mutação &#916;F508 do gene CFTR e dos genótipos GSTM1 e GSTT1 nos pacientes, independentemente do sexo, etnia ou status da doença pulmonar ou pancreática. Quando os pacientes foram estratificados por aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos, as frequências dos genótipos GSTM1 e GSTT1 nulos foram semelhantes, sugerindo que a ausência herdada dessas vias enzimáticas não altera o curso da FC. Em contraste, a alta frequência da mutação &#916;F508 no gene CFTR encontrada em pacientes mais jovens sugere que essa mutação influencia a idade no momento do diagnóstico de FC nessa região do país.505

Innovation Environment in Small Technology-Based Companies

Innovation has been identified as a strategy to achieve competitive advantage, particularly in contexts of change and especially for technology-based companies – TBCs. Although the adoption of innovation strategies is not easy, small companies have an organizational environment more conducive to innovation. This article examines how managers and employees of small TBCs perceive aspects of the internal environment of innovation in the organization (culture, organizational structure, personnel and infrastructure) and their suitability for the innovation process. This is a qualitative research from a multicase study on five companies located in an incubator. Data were collected through open interviews, using a semi-structured script, with one of the managers and two employees from each company. Data were analyzed from preliminary content analysis. The results showed some discrepancies between the perceptions of managers and employees about the issues investigated and their suitability for the innovation system, as well as between reality and the theoretical basis used

Maintenance’s Value Stream Mapping as a useful tool for the implementation of Lean Maintenance: case study in an injection’s sector of a thermoplastics company

Value Stream Mapping is a tool that support in the introduction and use of lean thinking through the identification of value creation. In addition to Production, this tool can be applied to other areas, such as in the Maintenance’s process. The use of the tool in Maintenance is known as MFVM. This should be one of the first tools to be used in the implementation process of Lean Maintenance, since it is a technique of mapping the flows of materials and information that trigger the processes that allow to perform the Maintenance. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to apply the MFVM’s tool in a thermoplastic company. In order to reach the proposed objective, we searched the literature through an exploratory research, which works have already used the MFV tool in Maintenance. Based on the portfolio generated, the tool was applied in practice. The application of MFVM, a tool that is part of the Lean Maintenance approach, identified wastage within the planned and corrective maintenance process in the company’s Injection sector. This research shows that MFVM is a powerful tool for implementing Lean Maintenance and allows each industry to continuously understand and improve its lean understanding in Maintenance

GESTÃO DE CUSTOS EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO DE ENSINO SUPERIOR: ESTUDO DE CASO NA UNISUL

Este artigo consiste, objetivamente, em uma análise da percepção dos dirigentes da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina - Unisul acerca da gestão de custos da instituição. Para a realização do presente estudo foram entrevistados dez dirigentes da universidade como subsídio para o entendimento do funcionamento da gestão de custos na instituição. Para isso foram estudados quatro centros de custo, ou seja, quatro categorias de análise: Custo com Ensino; Custo com Pesquisa e Extensão; Custo Administrativo; e Custo de Manutenção. Para cada centro de custo foram atribuídas algumas atividades geradoras de custos. Assim, buscou-se a percepção dos dirigentes sobre esta metodologia de análise de custos em instituições de ensino superior. Na análise dos dados foi utilizada a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados do estudo evidenciam a importância da gestão de custos, principalmente nos últimos anos, onde a quantidade de instituições de ensino superior aumentou significativamente. Conforme os dados encontrados, podem ser destacadas as seguintes conclusões: a categoria de análise custo de manutenção pode ser dissolvida nas demais, não sendo necessário uma categoria especial para esta; elaboração de uma proposta final de modelo de análise da gestão de custos universitária

Thrombocytopenia-Absent Radius (TAR) : case report of dental implant and surgical treatment

Thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome is a congenital malformation in which affected individuals present reductions in the number of platelets, hypoplasia, or absence of radial bone unilaterally or bilaterally. Hematologic, skeletal, cardiac (par