Exploring the Feasibility of Battery Electric and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles as Peaker Plant Substitutes at Low Wind and Irradiation Conditions

In this paper a comparison between the use of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs) to span cold dark doldrums (“Dunkelflaute”) in a future energy system with a high penetration of renewable energy supply is presented. A big problem with the cold dark doldrums is the rareness of the situation. Any power plant built to specifically be used during those special weather conditions will be operated only 0.1 % of the time according to a study on the energy demand in Germany in 2050 Aurora (2021) even though 10 GW are required to meet the demand. A prototype FCEV docking station to measure power transfer efficiencies was built. By this, we investigated supplying a district with energy via FCEVs by simulating a district with varying amounts of BEVs present. It is possible to supply a district with a low number of FCEVs although a stationary hydrogen connection would be beneficial. The efficient transfer of energy from a FCEV to a building requires a careful design of the plate heat exchangers and depends on the temperature level of the supplied building

Совершенствование кадровой политики предприятия

Объектом исследования является ПАО Сбербанк России. Цель работы– анализ существующей кадровой политики предприятия и выработка рекомендаций по ее усовершенствованию. В процессе исследования проводились исследования кадрового состава, эффективности использования кадров предприятия, адекватности кадровой политики целям и задачам предприятия. В результате исследования выделены проблемы кадровой политики ПАО Сбербанк России, предложены рекомендации по ее совершенствованию, оценена экономическая эффективность потенциальных изменений.The object of this study is to PAO Sberbank of Russia. The purpose work- analysis of the existing personnel policy of the company and make recommendations for its improvement. The study conducted research personnel, effective use of the human resources, the adequacy of personnel policy goals and objectives of the enterprise. The study highlighted the problem of personnel policy PAT Sberbank of Russia, offered recommendations for its improvement, estimated cost-effectiveness of potential changes

The physical and mental health of acute psychiatric ward staff, and its relationship to experience of physical violence

To evaluate and describe the physical and mental health of staff on acute psychiatric wards and examine whether violence exposure is linked with health status. We undertook a cross-sectional survey with 564 nursing staff and healthcare assistants from 31 psychiatric wards in nine NHS Trusts using the SF-36, a reliable and valid measure of health status and compared summary scores with national normative data. Additional violence exposure data were collated simultaneously and also compared with health status. The physical health of staff was worse, and their mental health was better than the general population. Physical health data were skewed and showed a small number of staff in relatively poor health while the majority were above average. Better physical health was associated with less time in the current post, a higher pay grade, and less exposure to mild physical violence in the past year. Better mental health was associated with being older and from an ethnic minority background. Violence exposure influenced physical health but not mental health when possible confounders were considered. Mental health was strongly influenced by ethnicity, and further research might highlight the impact on own-group ethnic density on the quality of care. The impact of staff whom are physically unwell or impaired in the workplace needs to be considered as the quality of care may be compromised despite this being an example of inclusiveness, equal opportunities employment, and positive staff motivation

Enhancing passive radiative cooling properties of flexible CIGS solar cells for space applications using single layer silicon oxycarbonitride films

Satellites in lower earth orbits have been primarily powered by photovoltaic modules. With growing power demand for new satellite concepts, solar cells are required to be flexible and ultra-lightweight to decrease launch costs. CIGS thin film solar technology is a promising candidate, since it can be manufactured on flexible substrates and possesses high radiation hardness. Poor radiative properties of CIGS on the other hand, lead to high temperatures and therefore power loss. High emissivity coatings on CIGS have already been reported but the influence on thermal and electrical aspects have not been addressed. Here we present the optical properties of silicon-oxycarbonitride coatings and their effect on electrical parameters on CIGS cells to be used for the DLR's GoSolAr power sail mission. We show that the single layer coating can significantly increase emissivity from 0.3 to 0.72, with minimal spectral losses and negligible impact on the functioning of the underlying CIGS cell. We simulated the thermal impact of the coating on solar cells in orbit and can predict that the maximum temperature of the cells is reduced by 30 °C, resulting in a significant power gain. Additionally, the coating has an emissivity of 0.87 in the atmospheric window of 8–13 μm making it a very good passive radiative cooler for terrestrial solar cells. The low-cost coating can replace glass and the process can be scaled up for large CIGS modules. The coating can also significantly increase the power to mass ratio of solar modules, reducing costs for space applications

Establishing a Mental Health Surveillance in Germany: Development of a framework concept and indicator set

In the course of the recognition of mental health as an essential component of population health, the Robert Koch Institute has begun developing a Mental Health Surveillance (MHS) system for Germany. MHS aims to continuously report data for relevant mental health indicators, thus creating a basis for evidence-based planning and evaluation of public health measures. In order to develop a set of indicators for the adult population, potential indicators were identified through a systematic literature review and selected in a consensus process by international and national experts and stakeholders. The final set comprises 60 indicators which, together, represent a multidimensional public health framework for mental health across four fields of action. For the fifth field of action ‘Mental health promotion and prevention’ indicators still need to be developed. The methodology piloted proved to be practicable. Strengths and limitations will be discussed regarding the search and definition of indicators, the scope of the indicator set as well as the participatory decision-making process. Next steps in setting up the MHS will be the operationalisation of the single indicators and their extension to also cover children and adolescents. Given assured data availability, the MHS will contribute to broadening our knowledge on population mental health, supporting a targeted promotion of mental health and reducing the disease burden in persons with mental disorders

A genome-wide association study of the longitudinal course of executive functions

Executive functions are metacognitive capabilities that control and coordinate mental processes. In the transdiagnostic PsyCourse Study, comprising patients of the affective-to-psychotic spectrum and controls, we investigated the genetic basis of the time course of two core executive subfunctions: set-shifting (Trail Making Test, part B (TMT-B)) and updating (Verbal Digit Span backwards) in 1338 genotyped individuals. Time course was assessed with four measurement points, each 6 months apart. Compared to the initial assessment, executive performance improved across diagnostic groups. We performed a genome-wide association study to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with performance change over time by testing for SNP-by-time interactions using linear mixed models. We identified nine genome-wide significant SNPs for TMT-B in strong linkage disequilibrium with each other on chromosome 5. These were associated with decreased performance on the continuous TMT-B score across time. Variant rs150547358 had the lowest P value = 7.2 × 10(−10) with effect estimate beta = 1.16 (95% c.i.: 1.11, 1.22). Implementing data of the FOR2107 consortium (1795 individuals), we replicated these findings for the SNP rs150547358 (P value = 0.015), analyzing the difference of the two available measurement points two years apart. In the replication study, rs150547358 exhibited a similar effect estimate beta = 0.85 (95% c.i.: 0.74, 0.97). Our study demonstrates that longitudinally measured phenotypes have the potential to unmask novel associations, adding time as a dimension to the effects of genomics

Aufbau einer Mental Health Surveillance in Deutschland: Entwicklung von Rahmenkonzept und Indikatorenset

Im Zuge der Anerkennung psychischer Gesundheit als wesentlicher Bestandteil der Bevölkerungsgesundheit wird am Robert Koch-Institut eine Mental Health Surveillance (MHS) für Deutschland aufgebaut. Ziel der MHS ist die kontinuierliche Berichterstattung relevanter Kennwerte zum Zweck einer evidenzbasierten Planung und Evaluation von Public-Health- Maßnahmen. Zur Entwicklung eines Indikatorensets für die erwachsene Bevölkerung wurden potenzielle Indikatoren durch eine systematische Literaturrecherche identifiziert und in einem strukturierten Konsentierungsprozess durch internationale und nationale Expertinnen und Experten beziehungsweise Stakeholder ausgewählt. Das finale Set enthält 60 Indikatoren, die ein mehrdimensionales Public-Health-Rahmenkonzept psychischer Gesundheit in vier Handlungsfeldern abbilden. Im fünften Handlungsfeld „Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention“ besteht Bedarf der Indikatorenentwicklung. Die pilotierte Methodik erwies sich als praktikabel. Diskutiert werden Stärken und Limitationen der Recherche und Definition von Indikatoren, der Umfang des Indikatorensets sowie die partizipative Entscheidungsfindung. Nächste Schritte zur Etablierung der MHS bestehen in der Operationalisierung von Indikatoren und der Erweiterung unter anderem auf das Kindes- und Jugendalter. Bei gesicherter Datenverfügbarkeit wird die MHS zum Wissen über die Gesundheit der Bevölkerung beitragen und die gezielte Förderung psychischer Gesundheit sowie die Verringerung der Krankheitslast psychischer Störungen unterstützen

A systematic review of associations between functional MRI activity and polygenic risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Genetic factors account for up to 80% of the liability for schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). Genome-wide association studies have successfully identified several genes associated with increased risk for both disorders. This has allowed researchers to model the aggregate effect of genes associated with disease status and create a polygenic risk score (PGRS) for each individual. The interest in imaging genetics using PGRS has grown in recent years, with several studies now published. We have conducted a systematic review to examine the effects of PGRS of SCZ, BD and cross psychiatric disorders on brain function and connectivity using fMRI data. Results indicate that the effect of genetic load for SCZ and BD on brain function affects task-related recruitment, with frontal areas having a more prominent role, independent of task. Additionally, the results suggest that the polygenic architecture of psychotic disorders is not regionally confined but impacts on the task-dependent recruitment of multiple brain regions. Future imaging genetics studies with large samples, especially population studies, would be uniquely informative in mapping the spatial distribution of the genetic risk to psychiatric disorders on brain processes during various cognitive tasks and may lead to the discovery of biological pathways that could be crucial in mediating the link between genetic factors and alterations in brain networks

Association of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Depression Polygenic Scores with Lithium Response: A Consortium for Lithium Genetics Study

Response to lithium varies widely between individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can uncover pharmacogenomics effects and may help predict drug response. Patients (N = 2,510) with BD were assessed for long-term lithium response in the Consortium on Lithium Genetics using the Retrospective Criteria of Long-Term Treatment Response in Research Subjects with Bipolar Disorder score. PRSs for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia (SCZ) were computed using lassosum and in a model including all three PRSs and other covariates, and the PRS of ADHD (β = −0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.24 to −0.03; p value = 0.010) and MDD (β = −0.16; 95% CI: −0.27 to −0.04; p value = 0.005) predicted worse quantitative lithium response. A higher SCZ PRS was associated with higher rates of medication nonadherence (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.34–1.93; p value = 2e−7). This study indicates that genetic risk for ADHD and depression may influence lithium treatment response. Interestingly, a higher SCZ PRS was associated with poor adherence, which can negatively impact treatment response. Incorporating genetic risk of ADHD, depression, and SCZ in combination with clinical risk may lead to better clinical care for patients with BD