The cultural mediator within public services: a new profession

El presente artículo pretende abordar la necesidad de consagrar la intermediación cultural en los servicios públicos como una nueva profesión ligada a la interpretación. Para ello, se hará especial hincapié en el papel que desempeña el intérprete como mediador en la sociedad multicultural, cuáles son sus características intrínsecas y sus necesidades. Además, se expondrá el estado actual de la mediación en España y los modos de intervención con la población inmigrante pese a los escasos instrumentos de los que se dispone.The purpose of this article is to raise the necessity of establishing cultural mediation in the public sector as a new profession linked to interpreting services. Therefore, we shall emphasise the role of the interpreter as a mediator in multicultural societies, as well as their intrinsic characteristics and needs. Furthermore, the situation of mediation in Spain will be presented and analysed, including examples of how mediation with immigrant population is dealt at the moment despite the lack of resources

Período crítico e aquisição fonológica do inglês por falantes brasileiros

This article discusses the influence of age of acquisition on the process of learning a foreign language. We analyzed the acquisition of three phonological processes in English by speakers of Brazilian Portuguese and applied experiments on fricative voicing, stress shift and stress assignment to participants at three levels of proficiency: basic, intermediate and advanced. The results showed that the age factor was relevant in two processes (stress shift and stress assignment) – at least at certain levels of proficiency. On the other hand, fricative voicing was not acquired by the Brazilian speakers in any level of proficiency, regardless of age of acquisition.Este artigo trata da discussão a respeito da influência da idade de início de aquisição no processo de aprendizagem de uma língua estrangeira. Para isso, foram analisados três processos fonológicos do inglês a serem adquiridos por falantes de português brasileiro. Foram aplicados experimentos relativos ao vozeamento de fricativa em coda, retração de acento e acentuação, para informantes de três níveis de proficiência: básico, intermediário e avançado. Os resultados apontaram que, para dois dos processos (retração de acento e acentuação), o fator idade foi relevante – ao menos em determinados níveis de proficiência. Por outro lado, o vozeamento não foi adquirido por nenhum nível de proficiência, independentemente idade de início do processo de aquisição

Analysis and treatment of a nineteenth century portrait, study of Artsorb® and a proposal for a microclimate frame

The present work is divided in two parts: Part 1 is focused on the analysis and treatment of a 19th century portrait of Domingos Affonso, which belongs to the Ecomuseu Municipal do Seixal; and Part 2, which is entitled “The Microclimate Frame Project” is focused on the study of Artsorb® and on the planning of a microclimate frame for the painting. In Part 1, a study of the painting’s materials was performed using complementary analytical techniques and the painting’s condition was carefully evaluated. The painting exhibited signs of mould growth, and a more detailed investigation was made of this topic to understand if the fungal community was active and if it represented a real danger to the painting. A treatment was proposed, appropriate to the painting’s condition. A description of the treatment carried out, comprising the treatment options, is also present in this section. Within the study of the microclimate frame, in Part 2, the study of the potential corrosiveness of Artsorb® was a central subject. Artsorb® sheets are one of the most widely used materials for buffering relative humidity fluctuations in microclimate frames and its reported excellent performance is enhanced by its availability in lightweight sheets that can be easily placed inside microclimate frames. However, concerns have arisen regarding the presence of the corrosive salt lithium chloride in the composition of this buffer. Consequently, the present work also aimed to understand the potential risks of using Artsorb® and the possibility of avoiding exposure of lithium chloride to the artworks through the use of Tyvek®. Results from the preliminary tests seem to indicate that Artsorb® releases lithium chloride into air. This study also showed that a Tyvek® cover over Artsorb® reduces but does not eliminate evidence of chlorine contamination, and it significantly reduces the effectiveness of the buffering material. Considering that Artsorb® appears to be unsuitable due to the release of the corrosive salt, that Tyvek® was not efficient as a barrier for lithium chloride or as a permeable material to enable the proper functioning of Artsorb®, the buffering material proposed for the use in the microclimate frames is silica gel without indicator. Based on the choice of buffering material, as a result of this study, a microclimate frame is proposed

New Frontiers between Telenovelas Displayed in the United States and Advertising Communication

La telenovela, un producto típico de América Latina, está presente notablemente en la cultura hispana en los Estados Unidos. El éxito de audiencia de las telenovelas en canales hispanos en los Estados Unidos también refleja las inversiones en la publicidad televisiva en estos productos, y algunas acciones se están produciendo de una manera nunca antes experimentada. En este contexto, esta investigación tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre las nuevas posibilidades de promoción y el consumo de las tramas de las telenovelas en América Latina, a través principalmente de los datos de fuentes bibliográficas directas e indirectas.The Soap Opera is a typical Latin American product, and is present markedly in the Hispanic culture in the United States. The ratings success of soap operas in Hispanics channels in the United States also reflects the atraction of television advertising investments in these products, and some ad actions are occurring in ways never before experienced. In this context, this research aims to reflect on the new possibilities of promotion and consumption with the plots of soap operas in Latin America, through primarily of direct and indirect sources of documentation

Trace Elements In Plasma And Nutritional Assessment In Patients With Compensated Cirrhosis On A Liver Transplant List

In chronic liver disease, trace element levels in plasma are usually low. However, the specific cause and functional implications of this abnormality are yet not well understood. These element levels may decrease as a result of abnormal liver function in patients with cirrhosis and/or malnutrition. Objective - To evaluate the nutritional status and the profile of trace elements in plasma of patients with cirrhosis on a liver transplant list and to correlate them with disease severity. Methods - This cross-sectional study evaluated 31 male patients diagnosed with compensated liver cirrhosis on a waiting list for liver transplant. Nutritional status was objectively evaluated through anthropometry using Mendenhall score and Blackburn classification, subjectively through the Detsky questionnaire and severity of the disease by MELD and CTP score. Trace elements (Zn, Se, Cu, Ca, Fe, Mg and Mn) in plasma were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney test. Results - According to the nutritional assessment 19 (61.3%) were malnourished and 12 (38.7%) were overweight. Regarding disease severity 12 (39%) were classified as Child A, 17 (55%), Child B and 2 (6%) Child C, with 46.9% of patients with MELD score >17. The trace element analysis indicated that 31 (100%) had Mn levels above the reference range, 23 (74.2%) low levels of Cu, 29 (93.5%) with deficiency of Se, and 31 (100%) low levels of Ca and Mg. Disease severity did not show statistical difference between the studied trace elements, in contrast to the nutritional status, in which the malnourished group showed higher levels of Mn (P=0.01) and Fe (P=0.01) and low levels of Zn (P=0.03) when compared to the overweight group. Conclusion - The results showed that the trace elements in plasma are altered in chronic liver disease; without significant correlation to disease severity, but correlated to nutritional status. Malnutrition is present in the patients studied, nonetheless a new scenario with an increase in the prevalence of overweight was verified regardless of the degree of hepatic decompensation.532848

A aquisição do acento primario no portugues brasileiro

Orientador: Ester Mirian ScarpaTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da LinguagemResumo: Esta tese trata da aquisição do acento de palavra em português brasileiro. A hipótese a ser defendida é que o acento de palavra não é adquirido levando-se em conta somente a marcação paramétrica, mas que há um desenvolvimento neste processo que considera o trabalho tanto com outros domínios prosódicos, quanto com outros componentes gramaticais. Durante o processo de aquisição, as crianças utilizam várias estratégias para marcar as proeminências acentuais. No início do processo, a criança usa outros domínios prosódicos como default na acentuação; isto é, a criança usa o acento de outros níveis prosódicos para marcar as proeminências de seus enunciados. No decorrer do processo, as estratégias se modificam até que as crianças deixar de utilizar o acento de outros domínios e passem a trabalhar com o acento lexical. Serão discutidas três estratégias prosódicas para marcar proeminências acentuais antes de se aplicar produtivamente o algoritmo de acento primário: o uso de diversos contornos entonacionais; a estruturação prosódica; e o arcabouço acentual. Essas estratégias, aliadas às aquisições morfológica e silábica, dão pistas sobre o processo de aquisição do algoritmo de acento primárioAbstract: This thesis deals with the acquisition of word stress in Brazilian Portuguese. My hypothesis is that the acquisition of word stress takes into consideration not only the relevant parameter settings, but also other prosodic domains and grammatical components. In the course of acquisition, children use several strategies to mark stress prominence before the adult algorithm of primary stress is used productively. Three of them are investigated in detail: the strategy based on intonational contours, the one based on prosodic structuring, and the one based on stress templates. I argue that children use the stress information available in other prosodic domains, as well as syllabic and morphological information, as cues for the acquisition of the algorithm of primary stressDoutoradoDoutor em Linguístic

Un análisis de enfoques de Validación de Requerimientos

En la actualidad, se observa que los sistemas de software son cada vez más complejos, por lo que las exigencias de calidad en el desarrollo deben ser mayores. Es necesario que el desarrollo de software sea más riguroso para obtener un producto de adecuada calidad. La identificación y tratamiento de errores en etapas tempranas del proyecto de software es crucial para disminuir los costos de operación y evitar errores en etapas posteriores del desarrollo. En el marco de la Ingeniería de Requerimientos (RE por sus siglas en inglés Requirements Engineering) la validación de los requerimientos es una tarea fundamental en cualquier proyecto de Ingeniería de Software y debe ser un proceso continuo en el ciclo de vida del desarrollo del sistema. El principal objetivo de la validación de requerimientos es confirmar que los requerimientos especificados sean representaciones de las necesidades y expectativas de los usuarios y que además sean completos, correctos y consistentes entre otras características. Trabajar en la validación de requerimientos se está convirtiendo en un desafío para los equipos, clientes y usuarios. Existen diferentes causas que imponen problemas de comunicación, control, intercambio de conocimientos, confianza y retrasos en el desarrollo del software. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar información sobre las características asociadas al proceso de validación de requerimientos en el ciclo de vida del software: la naturaleza de la información Quién, Qué, Cuando, Por qué y Cómo validar los requerimientos. La identificación de información de los enfoques se realiza a través de una revisión bibliográfica y una evaluación de diversos enfoques de validación de requerimientos para obtener sus características, necesidades de información y restricciones.Facultad de Informátic

Adquirindo a fonologia de uma língua: produção, percepção e representação fonológica

Este artigo traça um panorama sobre o que sabemos a respeito da aquisição fonológica, em primeira língua – principalmente nos últimos anos, com o advento de novas tecnologias que nos permitem explorar o processo de aquisição antes mesmo de a criança começar a falar. O que significa adquirir a fonologia de uma língua? Que conhecimento é este que as crianças devem adquirir? O que os estudos sobre percepção e produção nos dizem sobre as habilidades infantis? Em que os estudos de aquisição fonológica podem ajudar no desenvolvimento das teorias fonológicas

A FONOLOGIA FORNECENDO PISTAS SOBRE A SINTAXE: O CASO DOS OBJETOS NULOS

The aim of this paper is to offer more evidence in favor of Cyrino’s analysis (1994) of the null object in Brazilian Portuguese. This evidence comes from the analysis of clash resolution, according to the Prosodic Theory of Nespor & Vogel (1986)