Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

La interculturalidad: Una mirada desde las investigaciones del 2019 hasta la actualidad

The literature review shows the main publications that define the state of the art of interculturality from 2019 to 2023 and the most outstanding aspects from different disciplinary fields, allowing us to identify what has been researched about interculturality in Latin America, with emphasis on Ecuador to date. The selection process of the studies was carried out based on the PRISMA methodology, supported by academic search engines such as Redalyc, Scielo, Dialnet, Science and Google Scholar, proposing inclusion criteria and finding exclusión.se as a coincidental feature that the concurrence of cultures is not necessarily intercultural. The concept of interculturality goes beyond the elementary contact between peoples and is presented as the ethical and epistemological position of the way in which difference is managed. The meeting of cultures becomes a cultural phenomenon if, in one way or another, there is acceptance and a common project. Interculturality is the communication and interaction between people and groups with a specific cultural identity, in which the ideas and actions of one cultural group cannot be superior to those of others, always creating conditions for dialogue, agreement and, therefore, integration and coexistence. It is concluded that the current intercultural context in various disciplines studied poses important challenges but also advances and opportunities to promote cultural diversity and intercultural dialogue. Reflecting on interculturality, described and analyzed by the different authors consulted, with their contributions it is evident that the work is continuous from a vision of dialogue and encounter of cultures, building knowledge and seeking the equality of conditions that have been denied for decades to citizens who safeguard their worldviews from their communities of origin. Keywords: Interculturality, recent research, literature review, interculturality in various disciplines.La revisión bibliográfica muestra las principales publicaciones que definen el estado de la cuestión de la interculturalidad desde el 2019 al 2023 y los aspectos más resaltantes desde diferentes ámbitos disciplinarios, permitiendo identificar lo investigado acerca de la interculturalidad en Latinoamérica, con énfasis en Ecuador hasta la fecha. El proceso de selección de los estudios se realizó con base en la metodología PRISMA, apoyándose en buscadores académicos como Redalyc, Scielo, Dialnet, Science y Google Académico, planteando criterios de inclusión y exclusión.se encontró como rasgo coincidente que la concurrencia de culturas no es necesariamente intercultural. El concepto de interculturalidad va más allá del elemental contacto entre los pueblos y se presenta como la posición ética y epistemológica de la forma en que se decide gestionar la diferencia. El encuentro de culturas se convierte en un fenómeno cultural si, de una forma u otra, hay aceptación y un proyecto común. La interculturalidad es la comunicación e interacción entre personas y grupos con una identidad cultural específica, en la que las ideas y acciones de un grupo cultural no pueden ser superiores a las de otros, creando siempre condiciones para el diálogo, el acuerdo y, por tanto, la integración y la convivencia. Se concluye que, el actual contexto intercultural en diversas disciplinas estudiadas plantea importantes desafíos pero también avances y oportunidades para promover la diversidad cultural y el diálogo intercultural. Reflexionando sobre la interculturalidad, descrita y analizada por los diferentes autores consultados, con sus aportes se evidencia que es contínuo el trabajo desde una visión de diálogo y encuentro de culturas, construyendo conocimientos y buscando la igualdad de condiciones que han sido negadas durante décadas a los ciudadanos que resguardan sus cosmovisiones desde sus comunidades de origen. Palabras claves: Interculturalidad, investigaciones recientes, revisión bibliográfica, interculturalidad en diversas disciplinas. ABSTRACT The literature review shows the main publications that define the state of the art of interculturality from 2019 to 2023 and the most outstanding aspects from different disciplinary fields, allowing us to identify what has been researched about interculturality in Latin America, with emphasis on Ecuador to date. The selection process of the studies was carried out based on the PRISMA methodology, supported by academic search engines such as Redalyc, Scielo, Dialnet, Science and Google Scholar, proposing inclusion criteria and finding exclusión.se as a coincidental feature that the concurrence of cultures is not necessarily intercultural. The concept of interculturality goes beyond the elementary contact between peoples and is presented as the ethical and epistemological position of the way in which difference is managed. The meeting of cultures becomes a cultural phenomenon if, in one way or another, there is acceptance and a common project. Interculturality is the communication and interaction between people and groups with a specific cultural identity, in which the ideas and actions of one cultural group cannot be superior to those of others, always creating conditions for dialogue, agreement and, therefore, integration and coexistence. It is concluded that the current intercultural context in various disciplines studied poses important challenges but also advances and opportunities to promote cultural diversity and intercultural dialogue. Reflecting on interculturality, described and analyzed by the different authors consulted, with their contributions it is evident that the work is continuous from a vision of dialogue and encounter of cultures, building knowledge and seeking the equality of conditions that have been denied for decades to citizens who safeguard their worldviews from their communities of origin. Keywords: Interculturality, recent research, literature review, interculturality in various disciplines. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 17 de octubre de 2023.Fecha de aceptación: 07 de diciembre de 2023.Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2024

La andragogía y las estrategias metodológicas en el aprendizaje de la contabilidad. Una revisión sistemática

A systematic review of the literature was carried out from 2020 to 2024, with relevant scientific articles in various databases with indexed journals such as Scielo, Dialnet, Latindex, and Web of Science. Of the 50 previous articles consulted with open access, 30 were accepted as a sample and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, using the PRISMA protocol, resulting in 25 for analysis. The articles that form the basis of the study have been taken up at the university level. The objective was to review the literature on the subject of andragogy, methodological strategies in learning and their application in the teaching of accounting. The results show few up-to-date andragogical studies, as well as andragogical methodological strategies for the training of accounting professionals. The contribution of this review lies in the revelation of the insufficiency of scientific articles referring to the constructs considered in this analysis and in the importance of increasing epistemologies in andragogical methodological strategies at a global level. Keywords: Andragogy, Accounting, Methodological strategies, Systematic review.Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la bibliografía que abarcó desde el año 2020 hasta el 2024, con artículos científicos relevantes en diversas bases de datos con revistas indexadas tales como Scielo, Dialnet, Latindex, y Web of Science. De 50 artículos previos consultados con acceso abierto, se aceptaron 30 como muestra y con base en criterios de inclusión y exclusión, utilizando el protocolo PRISMA, resultando 25 para su análisis. Los artículos que conforman la base de estudio, han sido tomados a nivel universitario. El objetivo fue revisar la literatura sobre el tema de la Andragogía, estrategias metodológicas en el aprendizaje y su aplicación en la enseñanza de la contabilidad. Los resultados evidencian pocos estudios andragógicos actualizados, así como en estrategias metodológicas andragógicas para la formación de profesionales en contabilidad. El aporte de esta revisión se encuentra en el desvelo de la insuficiencia de artículos científicos referidos a los constructos considerados en este análisis y en la importancia que tiene incrementar epistemologías en estrategias metodológicas andragógicas a nivel global. Palabras claves: Andragogía, Contabilidad, Estrategias metodológicas, Revisión sistemática. ABSTRACT A systematic review of the literature was carried out from 2020 to 2024, with relevant scientific articles in various databases with indexed journals such as Scielo, Dialnet, Latindex, and Web of Science. Of the 50 previous articles consulted with open access, 30 were accepted as a sample and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, using the PRISMA protocol, resulting in 25 for analysis. The articles that form the basis of the study have been taken up at the university level. The objective was to review the literature on the subject of andragogy, methodological strategies in learning and their application in the teaching of accounting. The results show few up-to-date andragogical studies, as well as andragogical methodological strategies for the training of accounting professionals. The contribution of this review lies in the revelation of the insufficiency of scientific articles referring to the constructs considered in this analysis and in the importance of increasing epistemologies in andragogical methodological strategies at a global level. Keywords: Andragogy, Accounting, Methodological strategies, Systematic review. Información del manuscrito:Fecha de recepción: 18 de enero de 2024.Fecha de aceptación: 20 de marzo de 2024.Fecha de publicación: 08 de abril de 2024

Discovering HIV related information by means of association rules and machine learning

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is still one of the main health problems worldwide. It is therefore essential to keep making progress in improving the prognosis and quality of life of affected patients. One way to advance along this pathway is to uncover connections between other disorders associated with HIV/AIDS-so that they can be anticipated and possibly mitigated. We propose to achieve this by using Association Rules (ARs). They allow us to represent the dependencies between a number of diseases and other specific diseases. However, classical techniques systematically generate every AR meeting some minimal conditions on data frequency, hence generating a vast amount of uninteresting ARs, which need to be filtered out. The lack of manually annotated ARs has favored unsupervised filtering, even though they produce limited results. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised system, able to identify relevant ARs among HIV-related diseases with a minimal amount of annotated training data. Our system has been able to extract a good number of relationships between HIV-related diseases that have been previously detected in the literature but are scattered and are often little known. Furthermore, a number of plausible new relationships have shown up which deserve further investigation by qualified medical experts

Promoción turística sostenible de la reserva de la biosfera Tajo-Tejo Internacional

Convocatoria proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2020/2021Se describe un proyecto llevado acabo por varios centros educativos ubicados en la zona de la Reserva de la Biosfera Tajo-Tejo Internacional (RBTTI) que pretendía contribuir a la transformación sostenible del entorno mediante su conocimiento y promoción, implementando las competencias digital, social y ciudadana y la cultura emprendedora mediante metodologías activas como el aprendizaje servicio. Entre los objetivos principales del proyecto destacan: dar a conocer las implicaciones de la RBTTI; diseñar una campaña de promoción de la RBTTI mediante trípticos y vídeos promocionales; conocer la Reserva a través de las principales vías pecuarias y caminos que comunican los pueblos; descubrir los principales elementos socioculturales, históricos y tradicionales de la Reserva; valorar la importancia del territorio para conservar la biodiversidad: paisajes, ecosistemas, fauna y flora representativa; relacionar la trashumancia y las vías pecuarias como rasgos identificativos de la Reserva, vinculándolo con la historia y rasgos culturales de los pueblos y valorar el emprendimiento y la iniciativa personal, el asosiacionismo y creación de redes de cooperación en y entre pueblos como motor de desarrolloExtremaduraES