Lesões celulares do músculo esquelético induzidas pelo exercício físico

Dissertação de Doutoramento em Ciência do Desporto, área de especialização em Biologia do Desporto, apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências do Desporto e de Educação Física da Universidade do Port

Desafios do mobile learning – estudo comparativo sobre a utilização de dispositivos móveis em seis escolas europeias: Itália, Grécia, Polónia, Portugal, Roménia, Turquia

Although mobile technology is not yet widely used in schools, and in some cases even prohibited by internal regulations, the truth is that this technology, besides being a hallmark of contemporary life, is a powerful tool that challenges teachers and students to innovate in teaching learning practices. This article intends to contribute to the understanding of this phenomenon. The article is part of a project called "Bringing life into the classroom: innovative use of mobile devices in the educational process" (BLIC & CLIC), which aims to diagnose the use of mobile devices in the educational context for the development of digital skills by students and school teachers. This diagnosis will be the first "output" of the project, and the results will allow the (re)design of the future interventions that will respond to the general objectives of the project. Keywords: mobile learning, pedagogical innovation; advantages and disadvantagesEmbora a tecnologia móvel não seja, ainda, um dispositivo utilizado com muita frequência nas escolas, sendo em algumas até proibido por regulamentos internos, a verdade é que esta tecnologia, para além de ser condição de marca da vida contemporânea, é uma ferramenta poderosa que desafia os professores e os alunos a inovar nas práticas de ensino aprendizagem. Com este artigo pretende-se dar um contributo para a compreensão deste fenómeno. O artigo surge no âmbito de um projeto, denominado “Bringing life into the classroom: innovative use of mobile devices in the educational process” (BLIC&CLIC), tendo como objetivo efetuar uma análise diagnóstica sobre o uso de dispositivos móveis em contexto educativo para o desenvolvimento de competências digitais por estudantes e professores de escolas. Este diagnóstico será o primeiro “output” do projeto, devendo os resultados permitir o (re) desenho das futuras intervenções que responderão aos objetivos gerais do projeto.European Community's Erasmus+ programme, under grant agreement no. 2016-1-RO01- KA201-024659, Project BRINGING LIFE INTO THE CLASSROOM: innovative use of mobile devices in the educational process.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Apoptose e sarcopenia do músculo esquelético no envelhecimento

Although the exact mechanisms underlying sarcopenia are far to be unveiled, accumulating preclinical evidence suggests that an age-related acceleration of myocites loss via apoptosis might represent a key mechanism driving the onset and progression of muscle loss. Furthermore, increased levels of apoptosis have also been reported in old rats undergoing acute muscle atrophy subsequent to muscle unloading. Several signaling pathways of skeletal muscle apoptosis are currently under intensive investigation, with a particular focus on the role played by mitochondria. Here, we will review the most recent evidence regarding various pathways of muscle apoptosis and their modulation by several interventions.Embora os mecanimos exatos que envolvem a sarcopenia estejam longe de serem desvendados, o acúmulo de evidências pré-clínicas sugerem que a perda de miócitos via apoptose, relacionada à idade, pode representar um mecanismo chave que conduz ao início e progressão da perda muscular. Além disso, a apoptose tem sido observada em ratos idosos acometidos pela atrofia muscular induzida pela retirada da carga. A apoptose do músculo esquelético está atualmente sob intensa investigação, com um foco particular sobre o papel desempenhado pela mitocôndria. Aqui, nós iremos revisar as mais recentes evidências da apoptose muscular e suas modulações através de diferentes intervenções

Obesidade, síndrome metabólica e atividade física: estudo exploratório realizado com adultos de ambos os sexos, da Ilha de S. Miguel, Região Autônoma dos Açores, Portugal

The purpose of this exploratory study was to observe the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and to examine the relationship between overweight and obesity (Body Mass Index ≥ 25 kg/m²), low levels of Physical Activity (less then 150 min moderated e/or vigorous Physical Activity/week) and the Metabolic Syndrome. The sample of this study comprised 115 adults (68 woman and 47 men) aged 34.6 ± 7.8 years, from S. Miguel Island - Azores - Portugal. Body Mass Index was used to evaluate overweight and obesity. Physical Activity was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The cluster (3 or more risk fators associated) used to define the Metabolic Syndrome was: fasting glucose ≥ 110 mg/dl, triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dl, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ; 102 cm for men and >; 88 cm for women, blood pressure ≥ 130 and/or 85 mm Hg. Our data showed that overweight and obesity are higher in men than in women. About 2/3 of men and women showed insufficient levels of Physical Activity. In men the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (17.1%) was significantly higher than in women (4.4%). All individuals with Metabolic Syndrome were overweight or obese. The less active individuals had a higher prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome. Body Mass Index was associated and correlated with all the risk fators of the Metabolic Syndrome. The results confirm the need of adoption of healthy life styles in order to prevent and treat Cardiovascular Diseases, in general and Metabolic Syndrome, in particular.O propósito deste estudo exploratório foi observar a prevalência da Síndrome Metabólica e verificar a sua associação ao excesso de peso (IMC ≥ 25 kg/m²) e à inatividade física (menos de 150 min de Atividade Física/ semana moderada e/ou vigorosa). Uma amostra de conveniência (68 mulheres e 47 homens), com uma média de idades de 34,6 anos, da ilha de S. Miguel - Açores participou neste estudo. O excesso de peso e a Obesidade foram calculados através do Índice de Massa Corporal. A Atividade Física foi avaliada através do International Physical Activity Questionnaire. A agregação de três ou mais dos seguintes fatores de risco, foi considerada como indicador da Síndrome Metabólica: glicemia em jejum ≥ 110 mg/dl, triglicerídeos ≥ 150 mg/dl, lipoproteínas de alta densidade ;102 cm nos homens e >; 88 cm nas mulheres, tensão arterial ≥ 130 e/ou 85 mm Hg. Os resultados mostram que o excesso de peso e a Obesidade são superiores nos homens em relação às mulheres. Cerca de 2/3 da amostra é insuficientemente ativa. Nos homens, a prevalência da Síndrome Metabólica (17,1%) é significativamente superior à das mulheres (4,4%). Todos os indivíduos da amostra com Síndrome Metabólica têm excesso de peso ou são obesos. Os indivíduos insuficientemente ativos registam uma maior freqüência da Síndrome Metabólica. Os resultados confirmam a necessidade da adoção de estilos de vida ativos e saudáveis como forma de prevenção e de tratamento de primeira linha das Doenças Cardiovasculares, em geral, e da Síndrome Metabólica, em particular

Analyzing a national health surveillance strategy to reduce mother-to-child transmission of syphilis: the case of Brazilian investigation committees

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the relevance of investigation committees in eliminating mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Brazil. Methods: Questionnaires and interviews were conducted with health managers of 25 Brazilian Federative Units and Brazil’s Federal District. Data were analyzed using Bardin’s content analysis technique and subsequently compared with the global prescriptions for syphilis response of the Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization, and recent research publications examining the course of syphilis in Brazil, in Brazilian regions, and globally. Results: While the investigation committees drew on the successful experience of those in reducing maternal mortality, which helped the country achieve the Millennium Development Goals, they are not demonstrated to be sufficient for preventing mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. The committees’ systematic and bureaucratic agenda has not been efficient in managing avoidable factors for syphilis, nor do they operate in the scope of the integration of surveillance and care actions, as recommended by the health policy. Conclusion: The committees’ model needs to be reviewed in the context of Brazil’s National Health System. The research process should be rescaled in order to remain a cornerstone for the induction of health policy that integrates surveillance and healthcare across Brazilian Federative Units. The advancement toward an automated case management model becomes relevant for the country to meet global commitments to eliminate congenital syphilis transmission and achieve the goals outlined in the 2030 Agenda.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Engolo and Capoeira. From Ethnic to Diasporic Combat Games in the Southern Atlantic

This article provides a re-examination of the main Afrocentric narrative of capoeira origins, the engolo or ‘Zebra Dance’, in light of historical primary sources and new ethnographic evidence gathered during fieldwork in south-west Angola. By examining engolo’s bodily techniques, its socio-historical context and cultural meanings, the piece emphasises its insertion into a pastoral lifestyle and highlights the relatively narrow ethnic character of the practice in Angola. This analysis and the comparison with capoeira helps us to develop certain hypotheses about the formation, migration, and re-invention of diasporic combat games between southern Angola and coastal Brazil, and more broadly, to increase our understanding of how African cultures spread across the southern Atlantic

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Resultados Semilleros de Investigación 2009-2010

La publicación recoge los doce informes finales de investigación presentados por los estudiantes de ocho Semilleros 1 y cuatro Semilleros 2, correspondientes a la convocatoria 2009–2010 y se constituye en el Número 25 de la Serie de Investigaciones en Construcción, si bien este es el primer Número publicado en formato digital que UNIJUS se permite poner a disposición no sólo de la comunidad universitaria, sino también de la sociedad colombiana e internacional, interesada en los temas estudiados por los jóvenes investigadores de la Facultad de Derecho, Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia