Educação inclusiva: uma garantia consagrada pelo estatuto da pessoa com deficiência

A educação inclusiva é um direito fundamental com amparo na Constituição Brasileira de 1988 e em Convenções Internacionais. Com a entrada em vigência do Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência, o indivíduo que tem impedimento de longo prazo de natureza física, mental, intelectual ou sensorial passou a gozar de capacidade jurídica, tendo suas garantias previstas de forma expressa. Nessa senda, a lei 13.146, de 06 de julho de 2015, representa uma homenagem ao Princípio da Dignidade Humana e determina que o acesso à educação aconteça de forma plena e participativa. A defesa de tal garantia deve ser observada por instituições de ensino públicas e privadas, sob pena do cometimento de crime punível comreclusão em caso de desobediência, em consonância com entendimento do Supremo Tribunal Federal. É importante que o disposto na lei supracitada seja colocado em prática, para que seja possível a formação de uma sociedade justa e igualitária

Time-Lagged Correlation Analysis of Shellfish Toxicity Reveals Predictive Links to Adjacent Areas, Species, and Environmental Conditions

This work was funded by the project “MATISSE: A machine learning-based forecasting system for shellfish safety” (DSAIPA/DS/0026/2019). The work was also supported by national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) with references CEECINST/00102/2018, CEECIND/01399/2017, UIDB/04326/2020, UIDP/04326/2020 and LA/P/0101/2020 (CCMAR), UIDB/04516/2020 (NOVA LINCS), UIDB/00297/2020 (NovaMath), and UIDB/50021/2020 (INESC-ID). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 951970 (OLISSIPO project).Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) is an acute intoxication caused by the consumption of contaminated shellfish, which is common in many regions of the world. To safeguard human health, most countries implement programs focused on the surveillance of toxic phytoplankton abundance and shellfish toxicity levels, an effort that can be complemented by a deeper understanding of the underlying phenomena. In this work, we identify patterns of seasonality in shellfish toxicity across the Portuguese coast and analyse time-lagged correlations between this toxicity and various potential risk factors. We extend the understanding of these relations through the introduction of temporal lags, allowing the analysis of time series at different points in time and the study of the predictive power of the tested variables. This study confirms previous findings about toxicity seasonality patterns on the Portuguese coast and provides further quantitative data about the relations between shellfish toxicity and geographical location, shellfish species, toxic phytoplankton abundances, and environmental conditions. Furthermore, multiple pairs of areas and shellfish species are identified as having correlations high enough to allow for a predictive analysis. These results represent the first step towards understanding the dynamics of DSP toxicity in Portuguese shellfish producing areas, such as temporal and spatial variability, and towards the development of a shellfish safety forecasting system.publishersversionpublishe

Determining the Presence of Sexual Dimorphism in the Species Pseudoboa nigra.

Pseudoboa nigra, the Black False Boa, is a non-venomous snake (family Dipsidadae) found in the Caatinga region of Brazil. Studies in the region are not very expansive and as such, biological information is still required for this species of snake. The present study aimed to determine the level of sexual dimorphism found in Pseudoboa nigra as well as replicate earlier work testing the relationship between body size and gender. In order to calculate sexual dimorphism within the species, twenty-one preserved specimens were used to collect data by measuring snout-vent length, tail length, head length, and head width of each specimen. Each specimen, identified by the collection tags used by the university, was sexed using a probe and then dissected by making incisions along the ventral side of the snake to further verify gender. A t-test was used to analyze the data from the specimens along with the Sexual-Size Dimorphism Index. Results indicated low sexual dimorphism in the species with males larger than females with a t-score of 5.37. A calculated Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient of 0.633 indicated a moderate positive relationship between head length and head width in both sexes. This study was not able to replicate the results of the earlier research because the number of individuals used was small. For future studies, larger samples may yield results that are more accurate

Educational approach for fault detection in Internal Combustion Engines with Matlab Toolbox Fuzzy Logic

Fuzzy logic is the logic defined from the theory of fuzzy sets. It differs from the crisp logic (traditional) in their characteristics and their details. In textbooks on fuzzy inference systems, exemplified superficially implementation creating doubts among computer science students. Traditionally, teachers teach IC with the use of conceptual models. This model was to serve specified parameters computing courses, allowing students to study and development of computational models using Matlab Fuzzy Logic Toolbox (MFLT) for fault detection in engines. This paper proposes an academic learning model based on fuzzy inference and modeling to detect incipient faults in components of internal combustion engines

Inpauema, a new genus of Odiniidae (Diptera) from Brazil, with description of five new species

A new genus and five new species of odiniids (Odiniidae: Traginopinae) are described from the Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado biomes: Inpauema mirador gen. nov. et sp. nov. (type species), I. catarinae sp. nov., I. gaimarii sp. nov., I. raimundoluizi sp. nov., and I. xavieri sp. nov. The genus is being characterized by a unique combination of diagnostic characters: body predominantly dark brown to black, with silvery-gray pruinose spots on inner margin of eyes, longitudinally along middle of lunule and face, on notopleuron and mesopleuron; postcranium concave from dorsal view; one pair of stout proclinate ocellar setae; postocellar setae absent; lunule shorter than frons; gena lacking upturned seta; antennae separated by a maximum distance of 2X the diameter of a single antennal socket and gonocoxal apodemes directed upward, forming an arch. A key to separate Helgreelia Gaimari, 2007 from Inpauema gen. nov. and for the new species is provided. Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press

Inpauema, a new genus of Odiniidae (Diptera) from Brazil, with description of five new species

A new genus and five new species of odiniids (Odiniidae: Traginopinae) are described from the Brazilian Amazon and Cerrado biomes: Inpauema mirador gen. nov. et sp. nov. (type species), I. catarinae sp. nov., I. gaimarii sp. nov., I. raimundoluizi sp. nov., and I. xavieri sp. nov. The genus is being characterized by a unique combination of diagnostic characters: body predominantly dark brown to black, with silvery-gray pruinose spots on inner margin of eyes, longitudinally along middle of lunule and face, on notopleuron and mesopleuron; postcranium concave from dorsal view; one pair of stout proclinate ocellar setae; postocellar setae absent; lunule shorter than frons; gena lacking upturned seta; antennae separated by a maximum distance of 2X the diameter of a single antennal socket and gonocoxal apodemes directed upward, forming an arch. A key to separate Helgreelia Gaimari, 2007 from Inpauema gen. nov. and for the new species is provided. Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press

Characterization of CRISPR-Cas systems in the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) are composed of an array of short DNA repeat sequences separated by unique spacer sequences that are flanked by associated (Cas) genes. CRISPR‐Cas systems are found in the genomes of several microbes and can act as an adaptive immune mechanism against invading foreign nucleic acids, such as phage genomes. Here, we studied the CRISPR‐Cas systems in plant‐pathogenic bacteria of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC). A CRISPR‐Cas system was found in 31% of RSSC genomes present in public databases. Specifically, CRISPR‐Cas types I‐E and II‐C were found, with I‐E being the most common. The presence of the same CRISPR‐Cas types in distinct Ralstonia phylotypes and species suggests the acquisition of the system by a common ancestor before Ralstonia species segregation. In addition, a Cas1 phylogeny (I‐E type) showed a perfect geographical segregation of phylotypes, supporting an ancient acquisition. Ralstoniasolanacearum strains CFBP2957 and K60T were challenged with a virulent phage, and the CRISPR arrays of bacteriophage‐insensitive mutants (BIMs) were analysed. No new spacer acquisition was detected in the analysed BIMs. The functionality of the CRISPR‐Cas interference step was also tested in R. solanacearum CFBP2957 using a spacer‐protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) delivery system, and no resistance was observed against phage phiAP1. Our results show that the CRISPR‐Cas system in R. solanacearum CFBP2957 is not its primary antiviral strategy

Antecipação da produção e desenvolvimento da lavoura cafeeira implantada com diferentes tipos de mudas

The objective of this work was to seek anticipation of production and to evaluate the development of coffee plantations implanted with different types of seedlings. The seedlings were produced between June 2003 and December 2005 when the experiment was installed in the field. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 15 treatments constitutedby different types of plants in three replications. The types of plants tested refers to different periods in nursery (six to thirtymonths), and volumes of various containers (27 bags x 32 cm, 16 x 25 cm, 11 x 22cm and tubes 120ml), trimmed and not trimmed (driven with one or two stems), seeds stored in cold, or with seedlings cultivated in a controlled environment, grafted,grafted or self-standing Franco, with rooted cuttings, formed with the full sun or “forcing” with nitrogen. We evaluated: the productivity (bags.ha-1) of the years 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, the accumulated productivity of these four years and the percentage of green fruits, cherries, raisins, dry and hollow in the year 2010. We conclude that: it is possible to increase productivity in the first harvests of coffee by utilizing pruned trees (with two steams) and a stay of 18 months in nursery bags 16x25cm, with ripening of the fruit similar to that of conventional seedlings without the the occurrence of hollow grains.Objetivou-se com este trabalho buscar a antecipação da produção e avaliar o desenvolvimento da lavoura cafeeira implantada com diferentes tipos de mudas. As mudas foram produzidas no período de junho de 2003 a dezembro de 2005 quando o experimento foi instalado em campo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com 15 tratamentos constituídos pelos diferentes tipos de mudas em três repetições. Os tipos de mudas testados referem-se a diferentes períodos de permanência em viveiro (seis a trinta meses), diferentes recipientes e volumes de substrato (sacolas de 27 X 32cm, 16 X 25cm, 11 X 22cm e tubetes de 120mL), podadas e não podadas (conduzidas com uma ou duas hastes), com sementes conservadas em câmara fria, ou ainda com plântulas cultivadas em ambiente controlado, enxertadas, autoenxertadas ou em pé franco, com estacas enraizadas, formadas à pleno sol ou com “forçamento” com nitrogênio. Avaliou-se a produtividade (scs.ha-1) dos anos de 2007, 2008, 2009 e 2010, a produtividade acumulada desses quatro anos e o percentual de frutos verdes, cerejas, passas, secos e chochos do ano de 2010. Concluiu-se que é possível aumentar a produtividade nas primeiras safras da lavoura cafeeira com a utilização de mudas podadas (conduzidas com duas hastes), com permanência de 18 meses no viveiro em sacolas de 16x25cm, com maturação dos frutos semelhante à proporcionada pela utilização de mudas convencionais e sem o comprometimento pela ocorrência de grãos chochos

Effects of Repeated Stress on Distal Airway Inflammation, Remodeling and Mechanics in an Animal Model of Chronic Airway Inflammation

Background/Aims: Epidemiological studies suggest that stress has an impact on asthmatic exacerbations. We evaluated if repeated stress, induced by forced swimming, modulates lung mechanics, distal airway inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling in guinea pigs with chronic allergic inflammation. Methods: Guinea pigs were submitted to 7 ovalbumin or saline aerosols (1-5 mg/ml during 4 weeks; OVA and SAL groups). Twenty-four hours after the 4th inhalation, guinea pigs were submitted to the stress protocol 5 times a week during 2 weeks (SAL-S and OVA-S groups). Seventy-two hours after the 7th inhalation, guinea pigs were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated. Resistance and elastance of the respiratory system were obtained at baseline and after ovalbumin challenge. Lungs were removed, and inflammatory and extracellular matrix remodeling of distal airways was assessed by morphometry. Adrenals were removed and weighed. Results: The relative adrenal weight was greater in stressed guinea pigs compared to non-stressed animals (p < 0.001). Repeated stress increased the percent elastance of the respiratory system after antigen challenge and eosinophils and lymphocytes in the OVA-S compared to the OVA group (p < 0.001, p = 0.003 and p < 0.001). Neither collagen nor elastic fiber contents were modified by stress in sensitized animals. Conclusions: In this animal model, repeated stress amplified bronchoconstriction and inflammatory response in distal airways without interfering with extracellular matrix remodeling. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Base

Hepatotoxicidade necrótica aguda por ingestão de Lantana camara L. em bovinos leiteiros

This study describes an outbreak of acute necrotic hepatopathy associated with spontaneous poisoning by Lantana camara L. in dairy cattle. A herd of 15 cows and heifers was introduced into a native pasture with limited food supply, and, sixteen days later, eight animals had spontaneous nasal hemorrhage, fever, lethargy, jaundice, and dry, dark stools with mucus and blood. The clinical course varied from two to five days. In the pasture where the cattle were kept, abundant adult specimens of L. camara L. with evident signs of consumption were observed. In total, seven cattle died and necropsy was performed in three of them. All animals had moderate jaundice, hemorrhage in the subcutaneous tissue and on the surface of different organs. The liver was slightly enlarged, with orange discoloration and enhanced lobular pattern. Histologically, multifocal areas of coagulative necrosis of hepatocytes in the centrilobular area, occasionally extending to the midzonal area, were observed, as well as marked hepatocellular degeneration and prominent cholestasis. The current study suggests that L. camara L. poisoning should be considered a differential diagnosis of acute and necrotic hepatotoxicity in cattle, despite the absence of photosensitization.Esse estudo descreve um surto de hepatopatia necrótica aguda associada a intoxicação espontânea por Lantana camara L. em bovinos leiteiros. Um lote de 15 vacas e novilhas foram introduzidas em um piquete com campo nativo, com escassa oferta de alimento. Após dezesseis dias, oito animais manifestaram epistaxe, febre, apatia, icterícia, fezes ressecadas e escuras com muco e sangue. A evolução do quadro clínico variou de dois a cinco dias. No piquete em que os bovinos estavam alojados havia grande quantidade de L. camara L. com sinais evidentes de consumo. No total, sete bovinos morreram, e destes, o exame post mortem foi realizado em três. Os bovinos exibiam moderada icterícia, hemorragias no tecido subcutâneo e na superfície de diferentes órgãos. O fígado estava discretamente aumentado, com coloração alaranjada e padrão lobular evidente. As lesões histológicas consistiam em acentuada necrose de coagulação de hepatócitos em região centrolobular, por vezes se estendendo a região mediozonal, além de acentuada degeneração dos hepatócitos e evidente Colestase. O presente trabalho alerta para que intoxicação por L. camara L. seja levada em consideração nos diagnósticos diferenciais de hepatotoxicidade necrótica aguda em bovinos, mesmo sem indícios de fotossensibilização