Open Data for Public Administration: Exploitation and semantic organization of institutional web content

The project presented has been financed by Government of Aragon and is part of the ''Open Data'' initiative promoted by that organization. Given the amount of unstructured information related to the Government of Aragon currently published on the Internet, with slightly or no standardization and decentralized, it emerges the need to gather it systematically to be offered to all interested collectives from a single access point in a public and structured way. Within this context, ''Aragon Open Data'' project aims to collect, organize, store and maintain updated, Administration''s web information by means of human language and semantic technologies. Firstly, crawling is performed over websites in order to retrieve textual data over which Natural Language Processing (NLP) and ontology-based techniques are applied. Thereafter, results are stored into NoSQL databases, allowing future open access and simple data exploitation. NLP techniques used in the project involve named-entities recognition and classification (NERC) and texts semantic classification and summarization

Dual regimes of ion migration in high repetition rate femtosecond laser inscribed waveguides

Ion migration in high repetition rate femtosecond laser inscribed waveguides is currently being reported in different optical glasses. For the first time we discuss and experimentally demonstrate the presence of two regimes of ion migration found in laser written waveguides. Regime-I, corresponds to the initial waveguide formation mainly via light element migration (in our case atomic weight < 31u), whereas regime-II majorly corresponds to the movement of heavy elements. This behavior brings attention to a problem which has never been analyzed before and that affects laser written active waveguides in which active ions migrate changing their local spectroscopic properties. The migration of active ions may in fact detune the pre-designed optimal values of active photonic devices. This paper experimentally evidences this problem and provides solutions to avert it.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Aplicación de un modelo híbrido de aprendizaje profundo para el análisis de sentimiento en twitter

En este artículo se describe la participación de ITAINNOVA en la tarea de análisis de sentimiento a nivel de Tweet dentro del taller TASS 2018. Este trabajo pretende explorar modelos presentes en el estado del arte actual del aprendizaje profundo aplicado al modelado y clasificación de texto. Se ha analizado el uso de modelos de redes convolucionales (CNN), Long short Term Memory (LSTM), LSTM bidireccionales (BI-LSTM) y una aproximación híbrida entre CNN y LSTM para su uso en el análisis de sentimiento en Twitter. Se ha optado por la combinación CNN- LSTM ya que integra los beneficios de ambos modelos. Finalmente se presentan los resultados obtenidos y se plantea una posible línea de trabajo futura que combine el uso de esta arquitectura con el algoritmo de representación de texto que presentamos en la anterior edición del TASS. This paper describes the participation of ITAINNOVA at sentiment analysis at Tweet level task within TASS 2018 workshop. This work explores current state of the art models used in deep learning for modelling and classification tasks over text. It analyzes convolutional neural models (CNN), Long short Term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (BI-LSTM) and an hybrid approach of CNN-LSTM, for its use in sentiment analysis on Twitter data. CNN-LSTM combination has been chosen as it integrates the benefits provided from both models. Finally, obtained results are presented and a possible future work line which combines this architecture with the algorithm presented in the previous TASS edition

Connecting species’ geographical distributions to environmental variables: range maps versus observed points of occurrence

Connecting the geographical occurrence of a species with underlying environmental variables is fundamental for many analyses of life history evolution and for modeling species distributions for both basic and practical ends. However, raw distributional information comes principally in two forms: points of occurrence (specific geographical coordinates where a species has been observed), and expert-prepared range maps. Each form has potential short-comings: range maps tend to overestimate the true occurrence of a species, whereas occurrence points (because of their frequent non-random spatial distribution) tend to underestimate it. Whereas previous comparisons of the two forms have focused on how they may differ when estimating species richness, less attention has been paid to the extent to which the two forms actually differ in their representation of a species’ environmental associations. We assess such differences using the globally distributed avian order Galliformes (294 species). For each species we overlaid range maps obtained from IUCN and point-of-occurrence data obtained from GBIF on global maps of four climate variables and elevation. Over all species, the median difference in distribution centroids was 234 km, and median values of all five environmental variables were highly correlated, although there were a few species outliers for each variable. We also acquired species’ elevational distribution mid-points (mid-point between minimum and maximum elevational extent) from the literature; median elevations from point occurrences and ranges were consistently lower (median −420 m) than mid-points. We concluded that in most cases occurrence points were likely to produce better estimates of underlying environmental variables than range maps, although differences were often slight. We also concluded that elevational range mid-points were biased high, and that elevation distributions based on either points or range maps provided better estimates

Evidence-based selection on the appropriate FIT cut-off point in CRC screening programs in the COVID pandemic

Background: The COVID pandemic has forced the closure of many colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs. Resuming these programs is a priority, but fewer colonoscopies may be available. We developed an evidence-based tool for decision-making in CRC screening programs, based on a fecal hemoglobin immunological test (FIT), to optimize the strategy for screening a population for CRC. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data collected at a regional CRC screening program between February/2014 and November/2018. We investigated two different scenarios: not modifying vs. modifying the FIT cut-off value. We estimated program outcomes in the two scenarios by evaluating the numbers of cancers and adenomas missed or not diagnosed in due time (delayed). Results: The current FIT cut-off (20-mu g hemoglobin/g feces) led to 6, 606 colonoscopies per 100, 000 people invited annually. Without modifying this FIT cut-off value, when the optimal number of individuals invited for colonoscopies was reduced by 10-40%, a high number of CRCs and high-risk adenomas (34-135 and 73-288/100.000-people invited, respectively) will be undetected every year. When the FIT cut-off value was increased to where the colonoscopy demand matched the colonoscopy availability, the number of missed lesions per year was remarkably reduced (9-36 and 29-145/100.000 people, respectively). Moreover, the unmodified FIT scenario outcome was improved by prioritizing the selection process based on sex (males) and age, rather than randomly reducing the number invited. Conclusions: Assuming a mismatch between the availability and demand for annual colonoscopies, increasing the FIT cut-off point was more effective than randomly reducing the number of people invited. Using specific risk factors to prioritize access to colonoscopies should be also considered

Environmental factors influence both abundance and genetic diversity in a widespread bird species.

Genetic diversity is one of the key evolutionary variables that correlate with population size, being of critical importance for population viability and the persistence of species. Genetic diversity can also have important ecological consequences within populations, and in turn, ecological factors may drive patterns of genetic diversity. However, the relationship between the genetic diversity of a population and how this interacts with ecological processes has so far only been investigated in a few studies. Here, we investigate the link between ecological factors, local population size, and allelic diversity, using a field study of a common bird species, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). We studied sparrows outside the breeding season in a confined small valley dominated by dispersed farms and small-scale agriculture in southern France. Population surveys at 36 locations revealed that sparrows were more abundant in locations with high food availability. We then captured and genotyped 891 house sparrows at 10 microsatellite loci from a subset of these locations (N = 12). Population genetic analyses revealed weak genetic structure, where each locality represented a distinct substructure within the study area. We found that food availability was the main factor among others tested to influence the genetic structure between locations. These results suggest that ecological factors can have strong impacts on both population size per se and intrapopulation genetic variation even at a small scale. On a more general level, our data indicate that a patchy environment and low dispersal rate can result in fine-scale patterns of genetic diversity. Given the importance of genetic diversity for population viability, combining ecological and genetic data can help to identify factors limiting population size and determine the conservation potential of populations

E-Beam Generated Plasma Etching for Developing High-Reflectance Mirrors for Far-Ultraviolet Astronomical Instrument Applications

Astronomical space telescopes to study astrophysical phenomena from the far-ultraviolet (FUV) to the near infrared (NIR) will require mirror coatings with high reflectance over this entire spectral region. While coatings for the optical and NIR part of the spectrum are fairly well developed with proven performance, the FUV presents significant challenges. The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has developed a processing system based on an electron beam-generated plasma that provides for controlled fluorination and/or etching of surfaces with near monolayer precision and minimal changes to surface morphology. In this paper, we report recent results of samples treated in the NRL Large Area Plasma Processing System (LAPPS) where restoration of the high intrinsic reflectance in the FUV spectral range have been observed of aluminum (Al) mirrors protected with a magnesium di-fluoride (MgF2) overcoat. This paper will also extend these studies to other Al mirrors protected with aluminum tri-fluoride (AlF3) in order to realize the high intrinsic reflectance Al down to FUV wavelengths (100200 nm), while still maintaining the high reflectance in the optical and NIR spectral regions. Laboratory test data and optical diagnostic techniques used to verify surface scattering and durability of selected coatings will be presented. Finally, we will discuss the scalability of the LAPPS etching process in order to realize these high-reflectivity coatings on mirror segments as large as those proposed for the Large Ultraviolet, Optical, and Infrared (LUVOIR) astronomical telescope system (1+meter class)

Rapid assessment of nonlinear optical propagation effects in dielectrics

8 págs.; 6 figs.; Open Access funded by Creative Commons Atribution Licence 4.0Ultrafast laser processing applications need fast approaches to assess the nonlinear propagation of the laser beam in order to predict the optimal range of processing parameters in a wide variety of cases. We develop here a method based on the simple monitoring of the nonlinear beam shaping against numerical prediction. The numerical code solves the nonlinear Schrodinger equation with nonlinear absorption under simplified conditions by employing a state-of-the art computationally efficient approach. By comparing with experimental results we can rapidly estimate the nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficients of the material. The validity of this approach has been tested in a variety of experiments where nonlinearities play a key role, like spatial soliton shaping or fs-laser waveguide writing. The approach provides excellent results for propagated power densities for which free carrier generation effects can be neglected. Above such a threshold, the peculiarities of the nonlinear propagation of elliptical beams enable acquiring an instantaneous picture of the deposition of energy inside the material realistic enough to estimate the effective nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficients that can be used for predicting the spatial distribution of energy deposition inside the material and controlling the beam in the writing process.This work has been partly funded by MINECO TEC2011-22422 project. J. de H. acknowledges funding from the JAE CSIC Program (pre-doctoral fellowship co-funded by the European Social Fund). A.P. acknowledges support from the People Program (Marie Curie Actions) Incoming International Fellowship (CHRONOS) under REA grant agreement nu [327627].Peer Reviewe

Intervención psicológica en la comunidad en hombres condenados por violencia de género

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados obtenidos en un programa de intervención psicológica dirigido a hombres condenados por violencia contra la pareja. La muestra se compone de 62 hombres que se distribuyen en tres condiciones de tratamiento: Terapia Grupal Abierta (N = 15); Terapia Grupal Estructurada (N = 16); Terapia Individual (N = 16) y un grupo de control (N = 15). La evaluación del efecto del programa se lleva a cabo mediante un diseño cuasi experimental y medidas antes y después de la intervención. En relación con las variables analizadas, los resultados no son concluyentes, si bien se identifican diferencias entre las condiciones de tratamiento. Los resultados muestran diferencias pre y post-tratamiento en la valoración de los logros de los participantes entre los formatos individual y grupal. En el formato grupal, la condición de Terapia Grupal Estructurada muestra valores de cambio más significativos en los cuestionarios administrados. Por otra parte, en el post-tratamiento, aumentan en la condición de Terapia Individual las medias en las siguientes variables del SCL-90-R (Sensibilidad interpersonal, Depresión, Hostilidad, IGS, PSDI y TP). Se discute la pertinencia del uso de cuestionarios de autoinforme en la evaluación de este tipo de programas