Clinical, Pathologic, and Functional Outcomes After Nephron-Sparing Surgery in Patients with a Solitary Kidney: A Multicenter Experience

Abstract Background and Purpose: Surgical management of a renal neoplasm in a solitary kidney is a balance between oncologic control and preservation of renal function. We analyzed patients with a renal mass in a solitary kidney undergoing nephron-sparing procedures to determine perioperative, oncologic, and renal functional outcomes. Patients and Methods: A multicenter study was performed from 12 institutions. All patients with a functional or anatomic solitary kidney who underwent nephron-sparing surgery for one or more renal masses were included. Tumor size, complications, and recurrence rates were recorded. Renal function was assessed with serum creatinine level and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Results: Ninety-eight patients underwent 105 ablations, and 100 patients underwent partial nephrectomy (PN). Preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was similar between the groups. Tumors managed with PN were significantly larger than those managed with ablation (P<0.001). Ablations were associated with a lower overall complication rate (9.5% vs 24%, P=0.01) and higher local recurrence rate (6.7% vs 3%, P=0.04). Eighty-four patients had a preoperative eGFR ≥60?mL/min/1.73?m2. Among these patients, 19 (23%) fell below this threshold after 3 months and 15 (18%) at 12 months. Postoperatively, there was no significant difference in eGFR between the groups. Conclusions: Extirpation and ablation are both reasonable options for treatment. Ablation is more minimally invasive, albeit with higher recurrence rates compared with PN. Postoperative renal function is similar in both groups and is not affected by surgical approach.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/98449/1/end%2E2012%2E0114.pd

Is increased time to diagnosis and treatment in symptomatic cancer associated with poorer outcomes?:Systematic review

background: It is unclear whether more timely cancer diagnosis brings favourable outcomes, with much of the previous evidence, in some cancers, being equivocal. We set out to determine whether there is an association between time to diagnosis, treatment and clinical outcomes, across all cancers for symptomatic presentations. methods: Systematic review of the literature and narrative synthesis. results: We included 177 articles reporting 209 studies. These studies varied in study design, the time intervals assessed and the outcomes reported. Study quality was variable, with a small number of higher-quality studies. Heterogeneity precluded definitive findings. The cancers with more reports of an association between shorter times to diagnosis and more favourable outcomes were breast, colorectal, head and neck, testicular and melanoma. conclusions: This is the first review encompassing many cancer types, and we have demonstrated those cancers in which more evidence of an association between shorter times to diagnosis and more favourable outcomes exists, and where it is lacking. We believe that it is reasonable to assume that efforts to expedite the diagnosis of symptomatic cancer are likely to have benefits for patients in terms of improved survival, earlier-stage diagnosis and improved quality of life, although these benefits vary between cancers

The global forest above-ground biomass pool for 2010 estimated from high-resolution satellite observations

The terrestrial forest carbon pool is poorly quantified, in particular in regions with low forest inventory capacity. By combining multiple satellite observations of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter around the year 2010, we generated a global, spatially explicit dataset of above-ground live biomass (AGB; dry mass) stored in forests with a spatial resolution of 1 ha. Using an extensive database of 110 897 AGB measurements from field inventory plots, we show that the spatial patterns and magnitude of AGB are well captured in our map with the exception of regional uncertainties in high-carbon-stock forests with AGB >250 Mg ha−1, where the retrieval was effectively based on a single radar observation. With a total global AGB of 522 Pg, our estimate of the terrestrial biomass pool in forests is lower than most estimates published in the literature (426–571 Pg). Nonetheless, our dataset increases knowledge on the spatial distribution of AGB compared to the Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and highlights the impact of a country's national inventory capacity on the accuracy of the biomass statistics reported to the FRA. We also reassessed previous remote sensing AGB maps and identified major biases compared to inventory data, up to 120 % of the inventory value in dry tropical forests, in the subtropics and temperate zone. Because of the high level of detail and the overall reliability of the AGB spatial patterns, our global dataset of AGB is likely to have significant impacts on climate, carbon, and socio-economic modelling schemes and provides a crucial baseline in future carbon stock change estimates. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.894711 (Santoro, 2018)

Professor Beliayeva Nina Vasilievna (to 90-th Birthday).

Professor Beliayeva Nina Vasilievna (to 90-th birthday)

Landscape-ecological approach to the recreational forest use in the mountains of the south of Krasnoyarsk Krai

For the mountain profile of the Western Sayan located in the south of the Krasnoyarsk Krai, the recreational value of forest areas was assessed according to such characteristics as landscape-aesthetic value, stability, forest health and hygienic effect, digression, assessment of the types of sites. The estimation of recreational resource of the territory is given according to the typology of tourist forest use: the functions of tourist forest use, the motivation of tourist behavior and the types of tourist recreation. Recreational and touristic characteristics and landscape-aesthetic value of natural complexes are estimated in relative units. Specially Protected Natural Areas are given as examples of objects in which recreational activities are conducted. A landscape approach was used with the allocation of altitude-belt complexes and their characteristics in terms of climatic indicators, biodiversity, seasonal aspectivety, which made it possible to estimate territories from the point of view of recreational forest use and perspectives of recreation and tourism. The complex of studies made it possible to assess the recreational potential of mountain forest areas and determine their functional feasibility for existing and prospective types of recreation and tourism

МОТОР-КОМПРЕССОР ЕПС ЯК ОБ’ЄКТ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ

In the article the analysis of work of motor-compressor is conducted in transient modes, which considerably influences on its reliability and determines the readiness of a locomotive to function.В статье проводится анализ работы мотор-компрессора в переходных режимах, что в значительной степени влияет на его надежность и определяет готовность локомотива к выполнению его функций.У статті проводиться аналіз роботи мотор-компресора в перехідних режимах, що значною мірою впливає на його надійність та визначає готовність локомотива до виконання його функцій

THE MOTOR-COMPRESSOR XPS AS AN OBJECT OF REGULATION

In the article the analysis of work of motor-compressor is conducted in transient modes, which considerably influences on its reliability and determines the readiness of a locomotive to function