Effect of transforming growth factor-β on up/down regulation of integrin-β1 in primary chondrocyte culture

yesRegeneration of a damaged or non-functioning tissue requires adhesion of cells to their extracellular matrix (ECM). Thus the investigation of the level of synthesised cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in cell culture systems play major roles in cell and tissue engineering. Adhesion of chondrocyte to a collagen type-II rich matrix, is dependent on cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and integrins and cells adhere to ECM through integrins

Synthesis of magnetic multiwalled carbon nano tubes and investigation of isotherm and kinetic models for cleanup of carbaryl pesticide

Water is the main factor of movement and transport of pesticides and contamination of water by these pollutants is one of the most important challenges due to their widespread use and increased concentrations. Moreover, these compounds are on the U.S.EPA Priority Pollutant list because of the potential of accumulation and the property of damaging effects. In this study, multiwalled carbon nanotube-based magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized and used as an affective adsorbent for carbaryl pesticide. The properties of the synthesized Fe3O4@MWCNTs were characterized by TEM images and XRD analysis. The obtained data were studied by isotherm and kinetic models. Carbaryl adsorbed onto the synthesized adsorbent was compatible with the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.993). The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) of the pesticide onto the Fe3O4-MWCNTs was obtained at 68.2 mg/g. The kinetic studies of the reactions showed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second order model with R2 � 0.99 for all initial carbaryl concentrations. The adsorbent was extracted by magnet reused several times (six rounds) with a reasonable efficiency. The Fe3O4MWCNTs have great potential for adsorption of carbaryl from water and wastewater due to high efficiency, easy separation and reusability. © 2020 Global NEST

Detailed characterization of laser-produced astrophysically-relevant jets formed via a poloidal magnetic nozzle

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Exogenous coenzyme Q10 modulates MMP-2 activity in MCF-7 cell line as a breast cancer cellular model

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background/Aims</p> <p>Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 is a key molecule in cellular invasion and metastasis. Mitochondrial ROS has been established as a mediator of MMP activity. Coenzyme Q₁₀contributes to intracellular ROS regulation. Coenzyme Q₁₀beneficial effects on cancer are still in controversy but there are indications of Coenzyme Q₁₀complementing effect on tamoxifen receiving breast cancer patients.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this study we aimed to investigate the correlation of the effects of co-incubation of coenzyme Q10 and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) on intracellular H2O2 content and Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) activity in MCF-7 cell line.</p> <p>Results and Discussion</p> <p>Our experiment was designed to assess the effect in a time and dose related manner. Gelatin zymography and Flowcytometric measurement of H2O2 by 2'7',-dichlorofluorescin-diacetate probe were employed. The results showed that both coenzyme Q10 and N-acetyl-L-cysteine reduce MMP-2 activity along with the pro-oxidant capacity of the MCF-7 cell in a dose proportionate manner.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Collectively, the present study highlights the significance of Coenzyme Q₁₀effect on the cell invasion/metastasis effecter molecules.</p

Effect of transforming growth factor-β2 on biological regulation of multilayer primary chondrocyte culture

YesCytokines are extremely potent biomolecules that regulate cellular functions and play multiple roles in initiation and inhibition of disease. These highly specialised macromolecules are actively involved in control of cellular proliferation, apoptosis, cell migration and adhesion. This work, investigates the effect of transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-β2) on the biological regulation of chondrocyte and the repair of a created model wound on a multilayer culture system. Also the effect of this cytokine on cell length, proliferation, and cell adhesion has been investigated. Chondrocytes isolated from knee joint of rats and cultured at 4 layers. Each layer consisted of 2 × 105 cells/ml with and without TGF-β2. The expression of mRNA and protein levels of TGF-β receptors and Smad1, 3, 4, and 7 have been analysed by RT-PCR and western blot analysis. The effect of different supplementations in chondrocyte cell proliferation, cell length, adhesion, and wound repair was statistically analysed by One-way ANOVA test. Our results showed that the TGFβ2 regulates mRNA levels of its own receptors, and of Smad3 and Smad7. Also the TGF-β2 caused an increase in chondrocyte cell length, but decreased its proliferation rate and the wound healing process. TGF-β2 also decreased cell adhesion ability to the surface of the culture flask. Since, TGF-β2 increased the cell size, but showed negative effect on cell proliferation and adhesion of CHC, the effect of manipulated TGF-β2 with other growth factors and/or proteins needs to be investigated to finalize the utilization of this growth factor and design of scaffolding in treatment of different types of arthritis

Measurement of the 8B solar neutrino flux in SNO+ with very low backgrounds

A measurement of the 8B solar neutrino flux has been made using a 69.2 kt-day dataset acquired with the SNO+ detector during its water commissioning phase. At energies above 6 MeV the dataset is an extremely pure sample of solar neutrino elastic scattering events, owing primarily to the detector’s deep location, allowing an accurate measurement with relatively little exposure. In that energy region the best fit background rate is 0.25+0.09−0.07  events/kt−day, significantly lower than the measured solar neutrino event rate in that energy range, which is 1.03+0.13−0.12  events/kt−day. Also using data below this threshold, down to 5 MeV, fits of the solar neutrino event direction yielded an observed flux of 2.53+0.31−0.28(stat)+0.13−0.10(syst)×106  cm−2 s−1, assuming no neutrino oscillations. This rate is consistent with matter enhanced neutrino oscillations and measurements from other experiments

Measurement of neutron-proton capture in the SNO+ water phase

The SNO+ experiment collected data as a low-threshold water Cherenkov detector from September 2017 to July 2019. Measurements of the 2.2-MeV $\gamma$ produced by neutron capture on hydrogen have been made using an Am-Be calibration source, for which a large fraction of emitted neutrons are produced simultaneously with a 4.4-MeV $\gamma$. Analysis of the delayed coincidence between the 4.4-MeV $\gamma$ and the 2.2-MeV capture $\gamma$ revealed a neutron detection efficiency that is centered around 50% and varies at the level of 1% across the inner region of the detector, which to our knowledge is the highest efficiency achieved among pure water Cherenkov detectors. In addition, the neutron capture time constant was measured and converted to a thermal neutron-proton capture cross section of $336.3^{+1.2}_{-1.5}$ mb

Observation of Antineutrinos from Distant Reactors using Pure Water at SNO+

The SNO+ collaboration reports the first observation of reactor antineutrinos in a Cherenkov detector. The nearest nuclear reactors are located 240 km away in Ontario, Canada. This analysis used events with energies lower than in any previous analysis with a large water Cherenkov detector. Two analytical methods were used to distinguish reactor antineutrinos from background events in 190 days of data and yielded consistent observations of antineutrinos with a combined significance of 3.5 $\sigma$.Comment: v2: add missing author, add link to supplemental materia

Improved search for invisible modes of nucleon decay in water with the SNO+ detector

This paper reports results from a search for single and multi-nucleon disappearance from the $^{16}$O nucleus in water within the \snoplus{} detector using all of the available data. These so-called "invisible" decays do not directly deposit energy within the detector but are instead detected through their subsequent nuclear de-excitation and gamma-ray emission. New limits are given for the partial lifetimes: $\tau(n\rightarrow inv) > 9.0\times10^{29}$ years, $\tau(p\rightarrow inv) > 9.6\times10^{29}$ years, $\tau(nn\rightarrow inv) > 1.5\times10^{28}$ years, $\tau(np\rightarrow inv) > 6.0\times10^{28}$ years, and $\tau(pp\rightarrow inv) > 1.1\times10^{29}$ years at 90\% Bayesian credibility level (with a prior uniform in rate). All but the ($nn\rightarrow inv$) results improve on existing limits by a factor of about 3.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio