LIGHTNESS: a function-virtualizable software defined data center network with all-optical circuit/packet switching

©2016 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.Modern high-performance data centers are responsible for delivering a huge variety of cloud applications to the end-users, which are increasingly pushing the limits of the currently deployed computing and network infrastructure. All-optical dynamic data center network (DCN) architectures are strong candidates to overcome those adversities, especially when they are combined with an intelligent software defined control plane. In this paper, we report the first harmonious integration of an optical flexible hardware framework operated by an agile software and virtualization platform. The LIGHTNESS deeply programmable all-optical circuit and packet switched data plane is able to perform unicast/multicast switch-over on-demand, while the powerful software defined networking (SDN) control plane enables the virtualization of computing and network resources creating a virtual data center and virtual network functions (VNF) on top of the data plane. We experimentally demonstrate realistic intra DCN with deterministic latencies for both unicast and multicast, showcasing monitoring, and database migration scenarios each of which is enabled by an associated network function virtualization element. Results demonstrate a fully functional complete unification of an advanced optical data plane with an SDN control plane, promising more efficient management of the next-generation data center compute and network resources.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Development Refractoriness of MLL-Rearranged Human B Cell Acute Leukemias to Reprogramming into Pluripotency

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a powerful tool for disease modeling. They are routinely generated from healthy donors and patients from multiple cell types at different developmental stages. However, reprogramming leukemias is an extremely inefficient process. Few studies generated iPSCs from primary chronic myeloid leukemias, but iPSC generation from acute myeloid or lymphoid leukemias (ALL) has not been achieved. We attempted to generate iPSCs from different subtypes of B-ALL to address the developmental impact of leukemic fusion genes. OKSM(L)-expressing mono/polycistronic-, retroviral/lentiviral/episomal-, and Sendai virus vector-based reprogramming strategies failed to render iPSCs in vitro and in vivo. Addition of transcriptomic-epigenetic reprogramming ‘‘boosters’’ also failed to generate iPSCs from B cell blasts and B-ALL lines, and when iPSCs emerged they lacked leukemic fusion genes, demonstrating non-leukemic myeloid origin. Conversely, MLL-AF4-overexpressing hematopoietic stem cells/B progenitors were successfully reprogrammed, indicating that B cell origin and leukemic fusion gene were not reprogramming barriers. Global transcriptome/DNA methylome profiling suggested a developmental/differentiation refractoriness of MLL-rearranged B-ALL to reprogramming into pluripotency

Risk factors for non-diabetic renal disease in diabetic patients

Background. Diabetic patients with kidney disease have a high prevalence of non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD). Renal and patient survival regarding the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) or NDRD have not been widely studied. The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of NDRD in patients with diabetes and to determine the capacity of clinical and analytical data in the prediction of NDRD. In addition, we will study renal and patient prognosis according to the renal biopsy findings in patients with diabetes. Methods. Retrospective multicentre observational study of renal biopsies performed in patients with diabetes from 2002 to 2014. Results. In total, 832 patients were included: 621 men (74.6%), mean age of 61.7 6 12.8 years, creatinine was 2.8 6 2.2 mg/dL and proteinuria 2.7 (interquartile range: 1.2–5.4) g/24 h. About 39.5% (n ¼ 329) of patients had DN, 49.6% (n ¼ 413) NDRD and 10.8% (n ¼ 90) mixed forms. The most frequent NDRD was nephroangiosclerosis (NAS) (n ¼ 87, 9.3%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, older age [odds ratio (OR) ¼ 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05, P < 0.001], microhaematuria (OR ¼ 1.51, 95% CI: 1.03–2.21, P ¼ 0.033) and absence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) (OR ¼ 0.28, 95% CI: 0.19–0.42, P < 0.001) were independently associated with NDRD. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with DN or mixed forms presented worse renal prognosis than NDRD (P < 0.001) and higher mortality (P ¼ 0.029). In multivariate Cox analyses, older age (P < 0.001), higher serum creatinine (P < 0.001), higher proteinuria (P < 0.001), DR (P ¼ 0.007) and DN (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for renal replacement therapy. In addition, older age (P < 0.001), peripheral vascular disease (P ¼ 0.002), higher creatinine (P ¼ 0.01) and DN (P ¼ 0.015) were independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusions. The most frequent cause of NDRD is NAS. Elderly patients with microhaematuria and the absence of DR are the ones at risk for NDRD. Patients with DN presented worse renal prognosis and higher mortality than those with NDRD. These results suggest that in some patients with diabetes, kidney biopsy may be useful for an accurate renal diagnosis and subsequently treatment and prognosis

Study of translation and reliability of the Wisconsin personality disorders inventory (WISPI-IV) [Estudio de traducci�n y fiabilidad del inventario de trastornos de la personalidad de Wisconsin (WISPI-IV)]

Introduction.: The Wisconsin personality disorders inventory (WISPI-IV) is a self report instrument for the assessment of DSM-IV personality disorders. The aim of this study was to translate the WISPI-IV into Spanish and report its internal consistency and temporal stability. Methods.: The Spanish version was obtained by translation and back translation method, using two independent translators. Then 270 subjects of both genders, between 18 nd 65 years of age, who knew how to read and write and accepted to participate voluntarily were selected and answered the instrument. A subgroup of 20 subjects completed the instrument for the second time, at fifteen days of the first application. The analysis of internal consistency and coefficients of temporal stability were calculated with Cronbach's alpha coefficients and Pearson's correlation, respectively. Results.: All Spanish version WISPI-VI scales mean scores and internal consistency coefficients were similar to their original counterparts (alphas = 0.64-0.86). Except for avoidant personality disorder scale, test-retest coefficients were also moderate to high and statistically significant (r = 0.46-0.92). Conclusions.: The Spanish version of the WISPI-IV behaved similarity with the English version, and demonstrated adequate internal consistency and temporal stability coefficients to evaluate the presence of personalisty disorders

Study of translation and reliability of the Wisconsin personality disorders inventory (WISPI-IV) [Estudio de traducción y fiabilidad del inventario de trastornos de la personalidad de Wisconsin (WISPI-IV)]

Introduction.: The Wisconsin personality disorders inventory (WISPI-IV) is a self report instrument for the assessment of DSM-IV personality disorders. The aim of this study was to translate the WISPI-IV into Spanish and report its internal consistency and temporal stability. Methods.: The Spanish version was obtained by translation and back translation method, using two independent translators. Then 270 subjects of both genders, between 18 nd 65 years of age, who knew how to read and write and accepted to participate voluntarily were selected and answered the instrument. A subgroup of 20 subjects completed the instrument for the second time, at fifteen days of the first application. The analysis of internal consistency and coefficients of temporal stability were calculated with Cronbach's alpha coefficients and Pearson's correlation, respectively. Results.: All Spanish version WISPI-VI scales mean scores and internal consistency coefficients were similar to their original counterparts (alphas = 0.64-0.86). Except for avoidant personality disorder scale, test-retest coefficients were also moderate to high and statistically significant (r = 0.46-0.92). Conclusions.: The Spanish version of the WISPI-IV behaved similarity with the English version, and demonstrated adequate internal consistency and temporal stability coefficients to evaluate the presence of personalisty disorders