PANORAMA REGIONAL DOS VIVEIROS MUNICIPAIS DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS

A demanda por mudas florestais para arborização de ruas e paisagismo, criação de áreas verdes, regularização ambiental, recuperação de áreas degradadas (RAD) pode ser suprida pelos viveiros municipais. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar os viveiros municipais do estado de Goiás e apresentar um panorama sobre sua distribuição e caracterização regional. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de consulta eletrônica, que também buscou conhecer: número de habitantes dos municípios, região de planejamento, tipologia vegetal e instituições de ensino e pesquisa com cursos associados à produção de mudas. Também foi consultado se os viveiros possuem cadastro no Registro Nacional de Produtores de Sementes e Mudas. Os resultados indicaram que 23,6% dos municípios de Goiás possuem viveiros municipais. A informação sobre ausência ou presença destes viveiros não foi encontrada somente em 14 dos 246 municípios existentes. De maneira geral, os municípios com maior número habitantes e localização central apresentam viveiros. As formações florestais variaram de acordo com a região de planejamento do estado. Nenhum dos viveiros municipais possui registro. Foram listadas 37 instituições para possíveis parcerias com viveiros. A ausência destes compromete a arborização urbana, RAD e regularização ambiental. As parcerias podem incentivar politicas públicas de produção de mudas em Goiás.

Crescimento de árvores plantadas para recomposição de área de preservação permanente hídrica em meio urbano

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o crescimento árvores após cinco anos de seu plantio para recomposição de área de preservação permanente hídrica em meio urbano e avaliar a capacidade dessas espécies, classificadas em diferentes grupos ecológicos e padrões de deciduidade, de promoverem a recuperação da mesma. Foram plantadas mudas de 15 espécies arbóreas com espaçamento de 2 x 3 m em área total de 1,06 ha, em 2010. Em 2014 e 2015, foi determinado o diâmetro e a altura das árvores. Foi calculado o incremento periódico médio em diâmetro (IPMD) e altura (IPMA) por espécie, bem como o incremento médio anual em diâmetro e altura (IMAD e IMAA). Após cinco anos de plantio, o índice de sobrevivência das árvores foi de 97,2%. Tanto o diâmetro quanto a altura das árvores variaram entre as espécies. Anadenanthera peregrina apresentou o maior IPMD (7,06 cm.ano-1), seguida pela Mimosa caesalpiniifolia (6,02 cm.ano-1) e Tabebuia sp. (5,09 cm.ano-1). Para IPMA se destacaram A. peregrina e Hymenaea courbaril (4 m.ano-1). O IMAD variou de 3,12 (A. peregrina) a 0,73 cm.ano-1 (Cedrela fissillis), enquanto que o IMAA variou de 1,87 a 0,60 m.ano-1 para as mesmas espécies. Espécies decíduas e perenifólias apresentaram menores IPMD e IPMA quando comparadas às semidecíduas. O IPMD não variou entre as pioneiras e secundárias, diferente do que houve para IPMA. Aliado à atratividade da fauna, produção de frutos e elevada área basal (4,48 m2.ha-1), o crescimento das árvores verificado após cinco anos sugere a recomposição inicial da área

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

Trees structure the Earth’s most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations1,2,3,4,5,6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth’s 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world’s most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

THE DEGRADATION AND FRAGILITY OF SOILS IN SOUTHWESTERN GOIAS: THE WATERSHED CASE OF RIBEIRAO DA PICADA

Este artículo presenta una reflexión sobre la degradación del punto de vista de la fragilidad ambiental del suelo, presentando como área de estudio la cuenca hidrográfica del Ribeirão da Picada/GO. Para eso, se ha elaborado la fragilidad potencial y emergente de esta cuenca utilizando información y datos sobre el clima, el suelo, la declividad, erosividad y el uso de la tierra. Además, fue hecha una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema de la degradación y metodologías de la tierra utilizadas en la preparación de la fragilidad del medio ambiente. Los resultados mostraron que la preparación de la fragilidad ambiental permite conocer las características del entorno de las cuencas hidrográficas, lo que permite identificar los más propensos a las áreas de degradación. This paper presents a reflection on the degradation of soils from the environmental fragility point of view, having as area of study the watershed of Ribeirao da Picada/GO. For this purpose, the potential and emerging fragility of that watershed has been established by using information and data on climate, soils, slope, rainfall erosivity and land use. In addition, there was a literature review on the issue of land degradation and methodologies used to establish the environmental fragility. The results showed us that the preparation of the environmental fragility makes it possible to know the characteristics of the watershed environment, allowing the identification of areas that are more prone to degradation.Este trabalho apresenta uma reflexão sobre a degradação dos solos do ponto de vista da fragilidade ambiental, tendo como área de estudo a Bacia Hidrográfica do Ribeirão da Picada/GO. Para isso elaborou-se a fragilidade potencial e emergente dessa bacia hidrográfica utilizando informações e dados sobre o clima, os solos, a declividade, erosividade e o uso da terra. Além disso, fez-se uma revisão bibliográfica acerca da questão da degradação dos solos e de metodologias utilizadas para elaboração de fragilidade ambiental. Os resultados mostraram que a elaboração da fragilidade ambiental possibilita conhecer as características do ambiente da bacia hidrográfica, permitindo identificar quais as áreas mais propensas à degradação.

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

International audienceAbstract Trees structure the Earth’s most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations 1–6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth’s 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories 7 , we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world’s most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

Trees structure the Earth’s most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations1–6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth’s 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world’s most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

Trees structure the Earth's most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth's 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories , we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world's most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

Trees structure the Earth's most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth's 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories , we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world's most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

Trees structure the Earth's most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth's 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories , we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world's most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora