Identity Preservation for Multi-Target Long Term Tracking

Hlavním cílem této práce je zlepšení přesnosti použitého systému pro sledování objektů ve videu. Vzhledem k tomu, že systém se skládá z více modulů, celkového zlepšení lze dosáhnout úpravami jeho jednotlivých částí. Prvním krokem při zpracování videa je background subtraction. Zaměřili jsme se na problém falešných detekcí, takzvaných duchů, způsobených nepravidelně se pohybujícími objekty. Vyvinuli jsme metodu pro rozšíření background subtraction algoritmu o detekci duchů, která umožňuje tyto nesprávné detekce identifikovat a odstranit. Navrhli jsme pět různých kriteriálních funkcí, z nich čtyři jsou založené na přítomnosti hran v obraze na hranicích detekovaných objektů a jedna na rozdílu v barevné charakteristice hranice objektu vůči pozadí. Tuto metodu jsme otestovali jednak vizuálně a jednak pomocí groundtruth pro background subtraction. Rovněž jsme otestovali její vliv na sledovací systém jako celek. Výsledky experimentů prokázaly pozitivní efekt navržené metody jak na samotný výstup background subtraction, tak i na celkový výkon systému. Analýzou výstupu sledovacího systému jsme určili situace kdy dochází k chybám nejčastěji, to je přítomnost objektů mimo vyhodnocovanou oblast a nebo na krajích obrazu získaného z kamery. K vyřešení těchto problémů jsme provedli úpravy sledovacího systému, konkrétně rozšíření vyhodnocované oblasti a vhodnější pravidlo pro určení viditelnosti objektů v jednotlivých kamerách. Navrhovaná řešení jsme ověřili vyhodnocením jejich vlivu na sledovací systém. Výsledky dokládají významné zlepšení fungování systému. Všechny experimenty byly provedeny na indoor i outdoor video sekvencích. Problémy, kterými jsme se v této práci zabývali, jsou běžné a nastávají i v mnoha dalších aplikacích. Proto jsme se zaměřili na to, aby i řešení, která jsme vypracovali, byla obecná a tudíž použitelná pro dosažení lepších výsledků v různých aplikacích.This thesis presents work on improving a multi-view multi-target tracking system. The system is composed of separate modules and its overall performance can be improved by modifying the individual modules. Background subtraction is the first step in processing the video data. The work is focused on solving a problem of false detections, so called ghosts, caused by infrequently moving objects. We developed a general method to identify and avoid these false detections. Different criteria functions for the ghost detection were proposed, four of them based on edge presence on the borders of objects and one based on comparison of the color characteristics on the border of objects to the background. This method was evaluated visually and using background subtraction groundtruth. The effect of the method on the overall system performance was also tested. In both cases the results show improved performance. By analyzing the output of the tracking system we identified situations in which errors occur most frequently. Those situations are when objects are present either outside of the area of interest for tracking or on the edge of the field of view of a camera. In order to solve these issues, we proposed modifications of the probabilistic occupancy map module of the tracking system. The modifications consist of extending the area of interest and employing more suitable object visibility rule. The impact of the modifications on the tracking system's performance was evaluated showing significant improvement. All tracking experiments were conducted on both indoor and outdoor datasets. The problems we faced are common in many applications and the elaborated solutions can be successfully applied to improve them as well

Tripodal molecules with triphenylamine core, diazine peripheral groups and extended π-conjugated linkers

International audienceA series of five octupolar molecules with central triphenylamine donor and peripheral diazine electron-withdrawing groups has been prepared. These structures possess extended π-spacer comprising multiple bonds in a combination with 1,4-phenylene and 2,5-thienylene subunits. Starting from tris(4-ethynylphenyl)amine, the key step in the preparation of the chromophores involves triple Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction. The photophysical properties of the compounds are described. A strong positive emission solvatochromism, typical for dyes featuring Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT), is observed, two-photon absorption (2PA) properties were also measured. Linear and nonlinear optical properties as well as electronic properties measured by cyclic voltametry and supported by DFT calculation were used to elucidate structure-property relationship

Control of Positioning System for Acoustical Measerements

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá řešením problematiky dálkově řízeného polohovacího zařízení, využívajícího krokové motory ILS1R573PB1A0 pohánějící lineární osy Berger Lahr PAS41BR. Krokové motory jsou vybaveny rozhraním RS485 pro komunikaci s ostatními zařízeními a proto byl vyroben příslušný převodník připojitelný přes USB port počítače. Hlavním cílem práce bylo vytvoření řídicí aplikace s použitím knihovny MDC_ActiveX a vývojového prostředí Visual Basic 6.This bachelor’s thesis deals with issues of remotely controlled positioning system which uses stepper motors ILS1R573PB1A0 to drive linear axes Beger Lahr PAS41BR. Stepper motors contains RS485 interface for comunication with other devices so appropriate converter was made to make a connection with personal computer via USB port. The main objective was to develop control application by using MDC_ActiveX library and development environment Visual Basic 6.

USB controlled voltage and current source

Diplomová práce se zabývá kompletním návrhem a výrobou laboratorního zdroje, který je řízen a napájen pomocí USB portů osobního počítače. V práci je uvedena diskuze o možných koncepcích zdroje s výběrem nejvhodnějšího řešení, které je dále rozvinuto. Kromě konstrukce je i popsána tvorba hlavního programu pro použitý mikrokontrolér PIC18F14K50 a aplikace pro ovládání zdroje prostřednictvím osobního počítače.This diploma thesis is focused on complete construction of lab source which is controlled and powered by USB in personal computer. Different types of possible solutions are mentioned and finally one of them has been picked up as a best choice, which is developed in the rest of this thesis. Besides hardware construction there is also shown creation of main program for PIC18F14K50 microcontroller and main application that provides controlling of USB source via personal computer.

Application of New surface treatment on EG metal?sheet during assembling of automobile body

45 s., 33 s. příl. :il., tab., grafy +CD ROMCílem práce je zjištění vlivu odmaštění, čištění povrchu adherendu, které se uskutečňuje před procesem tažení, na pevnost lepeného spoje u nového typu povlaku NST na ocelovém pozinkovaném plechu používaném při stavbě karoserie. Pro testování byla zvolena destruktivní metoda zkoušení pevnosti lepených spojů, test pevnosti v odlupu podle normy ČSN ISO 11 339

Integrins as therapeutic targets: lessons and opportunities.

The integrins are a large family of cell adhesion molecules that are essential for the regulation of cell growth and function. The identification of key roles for integrins in a diverse range of diseases, including cancer, infection, thrombosis and autoimmune disorders, has revealed their substantial potential as therapeutic targets. However, so far, pharmacological inhibitors for only three integrins have received marketing approval. This article discusses the structure and function of integrins, their roles in disease and the chequered history of the approved integrin antagonists. Recent advances in the understanding of integrin function, ligand interaction and signalling pathways suggest novel strategies for inhibiting integrin function that could help harness their full potential as therapeutic targets

β1 Integrins Are Critically Involved in Neutrophil Locomotion in Extravascular Tissue In Vivo

Recruitment of leukocytes from blood to tissue in inflammation requires the function of specific cell surface adhesion molecules. The objective of this study was to identify adhesion molecules that are involved in polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) locomotion in extravascular tissue in vivo. Extravasation and interstitial tissue migration of PMNs was induced in the rat mesentery by chemotactic stimulation with platelet-activating factor (PAF; 10−7 M). Intravital time-lapse videomicroscopy was used to analyze migration velocity of the activated PMNs, and the modulatory influence on locomotion of locally administered antibodies or peptides recognizing various integrin molecules was examined. Immunofluorescence flow cytometry revealed increased expression of α4, β1, and β2 integrins on extravasated PMNs compared with blood PMNs. Median migration velocity in response to PAF stimulation was 15.5 ± 4.5 μm/min (mean ± SD). Marked reduction (67 ± 7%) in motility was observed after treatment with mAb blocking β1 integrin function (VLA integrins), whereas there was little, although significant, reduction (22 ± 13%) with β2 integrin mAb. Antibodies or integrin-binding peptides recognizing α4β1, α5β1, or αvβ3 were ineffective in modulating migration velocity

Clustering of cell surface laminin enhances its association with the cytoskeleton

In order to provide evidence for an association of cell surface laminin with the cytoskeleton, we have examined the detergent extractability of cell surface laminin on murine fibrosarcoma cells. We utilized indirect immunofluorescence with affinity-purified antilaminin antibodies to determine the distribution, mobility and detergent extractability of laminin bound to the cell surface. We demonstrate that antibody induces clustering of cell surface laminin rendering it resistant to detergent extraction.At low receptor occupancy, approx. 80% of cell surface laminin is detergent-extractable. If cell surface laminin is induced to cluster with anti-laminin antibody, IB4 isolectin from Bandeiraea simplicifolia or by high receptor occupancy, then it is rendered resistant to detergent extraction. This process is temperature-sensitive and inhibited by cytochalasin D (CD). On the basis of these findings, we propose a model in which laminin anchored in the basement membrane in vivo affects the cellular cytoskeleton by facilitating the clustering of cell surface transmembrane laminin receptors which are able to interact with cellular actin.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/26112/1/0000188.pd

The Fibronectin Domain ED-A Is Crucial for Myofibroblastic Phenotype Induction by Transforming Growth Factor-β1

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), a major promoter of myofibroblast differentiation, induces α-smooth muscle (sn) actin, modulates the expression of adhesive receptors, and enhances the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules including ED-A fibronectin (FN), an isoform de novo expressed during wound healing and fibrotic changes. We report here that ED-A FN deposition precedes α-SM actin expression by fibroblasts during granulation tissue evolution in vivo and after TGFβ1 stimulation in vitro. Moreover, there is a correlation between in vitro expression of α-SM actin and ED-A FN in different fibroblastic populations. Seeding fibroblasts on ED-A FN does not elicit per se α-SM actin expression; however, incubation of fibroblasts with the anti-ED-A monoclonal antibody IST-9 specifically blocks the TGFβ1-triggered enhancement of α-SM actin and collagen type I, but not that of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA. Interestingly, the same inhibiting action is exerted by the soluble recombinant domain ED-A, but neither of these inhibitory agents alter FN matrix assembly. Our findings indicate that ED-A–containing polymerized FN is necessary for the induction of the myofibroblastic phenotype by TGFβ1 and identify a hitherto unknown mechanism of cytokine-determined gene stimulation based on the generation of an ECM-derived permissive outside in signaling, under the control of the cytokine itself