HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENINGKATAN KADAR KORTISOL DARAH SEBAGAI RESPON TERHADAP STRESS DAN KADAR INTERLEUKIN-1 (IL-1) DENGAN DERAJAT ADHESI PASCA LAPAROTOMI DAN LAPAROSKOPI Penelitian Eksperimental pada Kelinci yang Dilakukan Abrasi Ileum

Background : Post-operative abdominal peritoneal adhesions and the peLvis is a natural consequence of the peritoneal irritation due to infection or trauma surgery and the healing process, and the leading cause of morbidity. Most cause adhesion is the act of laparotomy than laparoskopic due to trauma and wounds considered more extensive.Peritoneal trauma operation besides stimulate the stress immune systemic marked by increasing levels cortisol blood, also causing migration and watchword some mediatory an immune response ( for example: IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α ) hat initiated the activity of extrinsic coagulation resulting fibrin matrix, which ultimately happened adhesion process. On this research gonna prove the relations between levels of blood cortisol as response stress with elevated levels of IL-1 and degrees of adhesion after laparotomy and laparoskopy. Material and Method : A randomized post test only control group design on 12New Zealand were divided into 2 groups. The first group ( K1) was performed laparotomy with abration the ilium , group-2 ( K2) was performed laparoscopy with abration the ilium too.. All groups taken its blood sample befpre and 6 hours post operative to be assessed levels of cortisol with ELISA kit. Six days after operation , all group determinate and performed laparotomy, than assessed the degree of adhesion and the level of IL-1α from its peritoneal fluid. Statistical tests were used to assess defferences in the level of cortisol, IL-1α and degree do adhesion between laparotomy and laparoscopy. Pearson’s correlation test was performed to analyze the correlation between the level of cortisol and IL-1 .Correlation between the level of IL-1 and the degree of adhesion analyzed by Spearman’s correlation test. Result : There was significant difference in the level of cortisol, IL-1α and degree of adhesion among groups ( p = 0.021, p = 0.001, p = 0.002 ). There were positive correlation ( medium ) between the level of blood cortisol with IL-1α ( r = 0.688, p = 0.013 ) and significant positive correlation between the level of IL-1α with the degree of adhesion ( r=0,833, p = o.oo1 ). Conclusion : Laparoscopic surgery can minimize the effects of systemic stress and immune response, so as to lower the incidence of adhesion. Key words : Degrees of adhesion, cortisol, IL-1 α, laparotomy, laparoscopy

The Recovery Of Assets Results Of Corruption Through Additional Criminal Payment Of Replacement Money

This study aims to identify and examine efforts to recover assets resulting from criminal acts of corruption through additional criminal payments of replacement money. This study uses a normative juridical approach, which is descriptive analysis. The data used is secondary data obtained through literature study, which is then analyzed qualitatively. The results of this study are efforts to recover assets resulting from criminal acts of corruption through additional criminal payments of replacement money based on the provisions of Article 18 paragraph (1) letter b of Act No. 31 of 1999 jo. Act No. 20 of 2001. The purpose of imposing additional penalties is to ensure that state financial losses caused by actions can be recovered to the state through the imposition of additional penalties for payment of compensation. The judge in deciding the amount of additional criminal payment of compensation to the defendant based on legal facts at trial that prove the amount of property obtained by the defendant from the crime of corruption

STUDENTS’ REVERSIBLE REASONING ON FUNCTION COMPOSITION PROBLEM: REVERSIBLE ON FUNCTION AND SUBSTITUTION

In this paper we report students’ reversible reasoning types on function composition problem. Reversible reasoning can be observed according to operation and structural correlation among input, process, and result.  There are seven students participate in doing function composition related to structural correlation in (f∘g)(x)=h(x), The researchers assume that there are four types of reversible reasoning in composition problem, namely: (1) reversible on composition; (2) reversible on function; (3) reversible on substitution; (4) reversible on variables. However, there are only two appearing reversible reasoning, they are: reversible on function and reversible on substitution. Each type were selected a subject to be interviewed for 25 minutes and asked to do the Function Composition Task (FCT). Subject with reversible on function type identifies structural correlation among input, source and result as well as involving inverse in input with permissibility (f(y)) to produce basic function (f(x)). Meanwhile, subject with reversible on substitution type, constructs result based on the input, identifies structural similarity and generalizes from the structural similarity to produce basic function

Aspek Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Konsumen Dalam Jual Beli Daging Sapi di Kabupaten Jepara

Skripsi yang berjudul Aspek Hukum Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Konsumen Dalam Jual Beli Daging Sapi di Kabupaten Jepara ini secara umum bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan distribusi daging sapi dari pelaku usaha sampai ke konsumen, aspek hukum yang terkait dalam perlindungan konsumen terhadap jual beli daging sapi, dan pertanggungjawaban pelaku usaha dalam memberikan perlindungan kepada konsumen daging sapi. Metode pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah yusrdis sosiologis. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah primer dan data sekunder, selanjutnya disusun secara sistematis dan selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif. Pelaksanaan distribusi daging sapi dari pelaku usaha sampai ke konsumen berawal dari RPH yang dibeli oleh pedagang di pasar yang kemudian dijual di Pasar dan dibeli oleh konsumen. Aspek hukum terkait dalam perlindungan konsumen terhadap pelaku usaha jual beli daging sapi sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku yaitu ketentuan hukum perdata, KUHP dan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 15 Tahun 2011 tentang Penyelenggaran Peternakan dan Kesehatan Hewan. Pertanggungjawaban pelaku usaha dalam memberikan perlindungan kepada konsumen daging sapi di Kabupaten Jepara, pelaku usaha memberikan perlindungan kepada konsumen daging sapi sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab produk dan pertanggungjawaban hukum. Pemerintah Jepara membentuk Tim Pengawas dan Pembinaan Peredaran barang dan/atau Jasa, yang melaksanakan pengawasan terhadap peredaran daging sapi layak konsumsi di wilayah Kabupaten Jepara

Mathematical Reasoning Required when Students Seek the Original Graph from a Derivative Graph

Background: Finding the original graph when given the derivative graph is not a trivial task for students, even though they are able to find the derivative graph when given the original graph. Objective: In the context of qualitative research, this paper presents and analyses the mathematical reasoning that comes to light when the students seek the original graph from a derivative graph. Design: The research is assigned as a qualitative study, where the analyses of cases aim to extend understanding with respect to some phenomena or theory. Setting and participants: The study was conducted with 86 students of State University in East Java. We conducted clinical interviews and present data highlighting the reasoning participants used when solving tasks. Data collection and analysis: Task-based interviews were used to collect data and data analysis was used to analyse interpretations of the graphs that emerged as mathematical reasoning models. Results: From our data analysis, we found three mathematical reasoning was rooted in students’ conscious of problem situations on graphs we provided, consists of direct reasoning, reversible reasoning, and synthesis of direct-reversible reasoning. Conclusions: From here we suggest that there are different mathematical reasoning in constructed the original graph due to the mental activity in which students use the relation between a function and its derivative. The future project continued this inquiry with rigorous single-subject students’ experiments

REPRESENTATION OF SCHEMATIC VISUAL IN SOLVING PYTHAGORAS’ WORDPROBLEM

The aim of this article is to identify the steps which were done by the students in solving Pythagoras’ word problems. This study used qualitative research by using explorative descriptive approach. The subject of this study was four students who werein seventh grade of Junior High school of Muhammadiyah 1 Jember.  The subjects givenone problem in the form of story that had to be done based on their styles.  From the result analysis of the study was found that the students tried to understand the aim of the problems by using picture, compass direction, and Pythagoras’ pattern. In solving Pythagoras’ word problem, the students used representation of schematic visual. In making schematic picture, the students were supposedto be consistent with compass direction. The student that isconsistent with compass direction can make the schematic picture correctly and with a picture,the student can solve the word problems by using Pythagoras’ pattern correctly. The student who is inconsistent with compass direction will get difficulties in making schematic picture and not be able to solve Pythagoras’ word problems correctly

KEEFEKTIFAN PENGGUNAAN MEDIA LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN GEOGRAFI DITINJAU DARI MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IX SMP NEGERI SUB RAYON 04 KABUPATEN NGAWI

the researchaims to find out: 1) Difference influence between students who taught by LCD media with students who taught by map media on learning motivation of Geography, 2) Difference influence between students who have high learning motivation with students who have low learning motivation in Geography subject, 3) Influence interaction between teaching and learning with media, with learning motivation on learning achievement. The method of the research use experimental method with factorial design plan 2 x 2. The population of this research is ninth grade students in sub district 04 Ngawi regency number of 1365 students divided in 39 classes. Sampling technics use cluster random sampling in stages. The sample of the research is 80 students. The instrument used to get data of Geography and learning motivation and achievement test. The analysis data technics use 2 ways analysis variant with prerequisite analysis that is normality test and homogeneity test, with significant standard research in the amount of 5%. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that: 1) There is an effective effects of students who taught by LCD media and students who taught by map media in Geography subject learning achievement (Fcount> Ftable or 19,56 > 3,90) so hypothesis that suggested put to a test was truth. 2) There is an effective influence between students who have high learning motivation with students who have low learning motivation on Geography subject (Fcount> Ftable or 8,09 > 3,97) so hypothesis that suggested put to a test was truth. 3) There is an effective interaction of teachingand learning activities use media with learning motivation in Geography learning achievement. (Fcount> Ftable or 5,83 > 3,97). So hypothesisthat suggested put to a test was truth

Policy Analysis of Enforcement of Halal Product Guarantee Regulations Through The Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) Approach

Halal products are products consumed by the community, especially Muslim communities. Given that Indonesia is a Muslim-majority country, the State handles the production and distribution of halal products. In 2019, the Ministry of Religion stipulated Regulation of the Minister of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia (PMA) Number 26 of 2019 concerning Guaranteed Halal Products. Therefore, enforcement of halal certification for products circulating in Indonesia is mandatory. However, regulation enforcement generally has many challenges to predict impacts without detailed studies and consultations with affected parties. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the application of PMA number 26 of 2019 compulsorily by using Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA). This study concludes a gap between current conditions and ideal conditions that need to be postponed to enact the Regulation of the Minister of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 26 of 2019 by correcting the gap

Kandungan Protein dan Isoflavon pada Kedelai dan Kecambah Kedelai

The research was conducted to explore protein and isoflavone content on soy non germed and soy germed. Soybean “slamet” was rinsed, dipped over night, drained, put in a moist room, and water sprinkled once in a while until germed. The husk of soy and soy germ were removed, and then the soy and soy germ were extracted by NaCl physiologic to become slurry. The slurry pH was arranged to 5.0, centrifugated at 10.000 rpm, and the precipitation was dryed in 70oC to obtain the soy protein and the soy germ protein flour. The levels of protein and isoflavone flour were determined. The result showed that protein content of soy was 36.5%, while protein of soy germ was 42%. The isoflavone of soy protein was 26.7 ppm, consisting of 11.5 ppm genistein, 10.2 ppm daidzein and 5 ppm glicitein, but the soy germ protein was 39.1 ppm, consisting of 14.6 ppm genistein, 16.9 ppm daidzein and 7.6 ppm glicitein. The conclusion is that germed process could increase protein and isoflavone content. The soy protein isoflavone was dominated by genistein and daidzein, while soy germ protein isoflavone was dominated by daidzein and glicitein