Observer-based sensor fault detectability: about robust positive invariance approach and residual sensitivity

© . This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This paper considers detectability of deviation of sensors from their nominal behavior for a class of linear time-invariant discrete-time systems in the presence of bounded additive uncertainties. Detectable sensor faults using interval observers are analyzed considering two distinct approaches: invariant-sets and classical fault-sensitivity method. It can be inferred from this analysis that both approaches derive distinct formulations for minimum detectable fault magnitude, though qualitatively similar. The core difference lies in the method of construction of the invariant set offline in the former method and the reachable approximation of the convergence set using forward iterative techniques in the latter. This paper also contributes in giving a formulation for minimum fault magnitudes with invariant sets using an observer-based approach. Finally, an illustrative example is used to compare both approaches.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Children's and parent's perceptions of a magnetic resonance imaging examination

The aim of this study was to describe children’s and parents’ perceptions after a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. Semistructured interviews with eight children and eight parents were conducted. The interviews were analyzed using a phenomenographical approach. Both children and parents perceived a sense of security when they received preparation/information. The children perceived that it was positive to have their parents present. Children and parents also felt a sense of security from the positive attitude of the health professionals. They perceived anxiety if they felt that the preparation/information they were given was insufficient. The MRI scanner caused anxiety because of its size, design, and sound, and they were anxious about the risk of a failed examination. The children talked much about the difficulty of lying still. The parents perceived that more information about the MRI examination should be offered. By having the knowledge of how children and their parents perceive an MRI examination could help and guide health professionals for better understanding and high-quality care

Analogue peptides for the immunotherapy of human acute myeloid leukemia

Accepted manuscript. The final publication is available at: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00262-015-1762-9The use of peptide vaccines, enhanced by adjuvants, has shown some efficacy in clinical trials. However, responses are often short-lived and rarely induce notable memory responses. The reason is that self-antigens have already been presented to the immune system as the tumor develops, leading to tolerance or some degree of host tumor cell destruction. To try to break tolerance against self-antigens, one of the methods employed has been to modify peptides at the anchor residues to enhance their ability to bind major histocompatibility complex molecules, extending their exposure to the T-cell receptor. These modified or analogue peptides have been investigated as stimulators of the immune system in patients with different cancers with variable but sometimes notable success. In this review we describe the background and recent developments in the use of analogue peptides for the immunotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia describing knowledge useful for the application of analogue peptide treatments for other malignancies

Measurements of the branching fractions of the decays B°s → D∓s K± and B°s → D¯sπ+

The decay mode B°s → D∓s K± allows for one of the theoretically cleanest measurements of the CKM angle γ through the study of time-dependent CP violation. This paper reports a measurement of its branching fraction relative to the Cabibbo-favoured mode B°s → D¯sπ+ based on a data sample corresponding to 0.37 fb¯¹ of proton-proton collisions at √s = 7TeV collected in 2011 with the LHCb detector. In addition, the ratio of B meson production fractions fs/fd, determined from semileptonic decays, together with the known branching fraction of the control channel B°s → D¯sπ+ is used to perform an absolute measurement of the branching fractions: B(B°s → D¯sπ+) = (2.95 ± 0.05 ± 0.17 -0.22 +0.18) × 10¯³ ; B(B°s → D∓s K±) = (1.90 ± 0.12 ± 0.13 -0.14 +0.12) × 10¯4 ; where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second the experimental systematic uncertainty, and the third the uncertainty due to f s/f

Psoriasis and Genetics

Psoriasis is an erythematous, scaly chronic inflammatory dermatosis and occurs due to altered epidermal differentiation and hyperproliferation due to faulty signals that speed up the growth cycle of skin cells. Psoriasis reduces quality of life, and psoriatic patients generally have higher risk for metabolic disease. Psoriasis is associated with many burdening comorbidities, which often share similar pathogenic features and follow a progressive pattern. Genetic variation in human genome causes specific kind of disease, and nowadays, research is focused on metabolic pathways that trigger psoriasis and related comorbidities. In addition, genetic variations are also important for psoriasis treatment regime and response. The purpose of this section is to shown to genetic epidemiology, pharmacogenetics, immune genetics of psoriasis and related comorbidities

ESP, EORTC, and EURACAN Expert Opinion:practical recommendations for the pathological diagnosis and clinical management of intermediate melanocytic tumors and rare related melanoma variants

The recent WHO classification of skin tumors has underscored the importance of acknowledging intermediate grade melanocytic proliferations. A multistep acquisition of oncogenic events drives the progressive transformation of nevi into melanomas. The various pathways described are modulated by the initial oncogenic drivers that define the common, blue, and Spitz nevi groups. Intermediate lesions are most often the result of a clonal evolution within such nevi. Based on this established classification, we have suggested for each pathway a practical diagnostic approach, benefiting from the recently developed molecular tools, both in the setting of general pathology labs and expert centers. Moreover, recommendations regarding the re-excision and clinical follow-up are given to support decision-making in multidisciplinary tumor boards