A new model for pharmacies? Insights from a quantitative study regarding the public's perceptions

Background: Worldwide community pharmacies are shifting their role in the healthcare system from simple medication dispensers to health care providers. High levels of satisfaction with pharmacy services were found in previous studies. This study has two main goals. The primary goal is to describe the levels of satisfaction and knowledge regarding pharmacy services in Portugal. The secondary goal is to explore the perceptions and the utilisation of pharmacy services by the Portuguese. This statement includes exploring the impact of a set of variables on both perceptions and uses of pharmacies in regard to services that are currently offered as well as to new services that may be provided in the future. Methods: A face-to-face survey of closed-ended questions was applied to a nationwide representative sample of the Portuguese population in September 2015. The sample was weighted based on population distribution across regions, habitat, age and gender. Data analysis comprises descriptive statistics and Multiple Correspondence Analysis to explore different typologies of respondent's orientation toward community pharmacy. Results: A total of 1114 interviews comprised the study. Of the respondents, 36% used the pharmacy as a first resource when seeking to treat a minor ailment, and 54% reported that they use the pharmacy as a first resource when seeking answers about medicines. Of those who visited their pharmacy at least once in the previous year, 94% were either globally satisfied or very satisfied. The level of acknowledgement of pharmacy services' was also high among the Portuguese. Of the participants, 29% considered there could be more services available in pharmacies that are currently provided by other health care facilities. The construction of a typology of orientations towards community pharmacy practice resulted in three outcome groups: "Motivated" (63%), those with a connection to a pharmacy; "Settled" (23%), mainly those who had a pharmacy nearby; and "Demobilised" (14%), those who are weakly tied to a pharmacy. Conclusions: The vast majority of the Portuguese population has a strong positive attitude towards their community pharmacy, as expressed by the high levels of satisfaction with, and positive evaluation of, the pharmacy's services.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Sensemaking Approaches to Improving Processes of Emergency Medical Trauma Centers

Abstract Trauma Center (TC) operations at hospitals are conducted as part of very complex environments. TCs, which are focused on life-saving and resuscitative actions in the treatment of trauma patients, engage many individuals in the solving of multifaceted and on-going ill-structured problems. The solutions to these problems are comprised of multiple human experts" resources that must collaborate to be effective in reducing complexity and providing information for systemic approaches to acute injury care. Understanding an emergency situation requires interdisciplinary and collaborative judgments, surgical decision-making in complex scenarios, hands on practical experience, and insight into difficult trauma situations. This paper addressed the application of collaborative sensemaking (CS) techniques to improve the decision making processes in TCs complex environments

Gerador de Faltas para Aplicações em Transformadores

Transformers are the most important electrical device used in power systems for transmission and distribution of electrical energy. They have a significant impact on the losses of utilities. Although transformers have a long life-cycle, the increasingly industrial consumption result in more severe operating conditions, including fault conditions, reducing its efficiency and therefor its life-cycle. In this work a fault generator power supply is proposed to be used in transformer`s fault tests

A large area timing RPC prototype for ion collisions in the HADES spectrometer

We present a resistive plate chamber (RPC) prototype for time-of-flight measurements over large areas and at high occupancies, minimizing the inter-channel cross-talk.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TJM-4D75GPD-9/1/a6fe40c114a867a0f98e2fec0f13350

Test of CPT Symmetry and Quantum Mechanics with Experimental data from CPLEAR

We use fits to recent published CPLEAR data on neutral kaon decays to $\pi^+\pi^-$ and $\pi e\nu$ to constrain the CPT--violation parameters appearing in a formulation of the neutral kaon system as an open quantum-mechanical system. The obtained upper limits of the CPT--violation parameters are approaching the range suggested by certain ideas concerning quantum gravity.Comment: 9 pages of uuencoded postscript (includes 3 figures

Morphological phenotypic dispersion of garlic cultivars by cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling

Multivariate techniques have become a useful tool for studying the phenotypic diversity of Germplasm Bank accessions, since they make it possible to combine a variety of different information from these accessions. This study aimed to characterize the phenotypic dispersion of garlic (Allium sativum L.) using two multivariate techniques with different objective functions. Twenty accessions were morphologically characterized for bulb diameter, length, and weight; number of cloves per bulb; number of leaves per plant; and leaf area. Techniques based on generalized quadratic distance of Mahalanobis, UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) clustering, and nMDS (nonmetrric MultiDimensional Scaling) were applied and the relative importance of variables quantified. The two multivariate techniques were capable of identifying cultivars with different characteristics, mainly regarding their classification in subgroups of common garlic or noble garlic, according to the number of cloves per bulb. The representation of the phenotypic distance of cultivars by multidimensional scaling was slightly more effective than that with UPGMA clustering

Interactions lake-atmosphere: the ALEX 2014 field campaign and numerical simulations

The ALqueva hydro-meteorological EXperiment, ALEX 2014, was an integrated field campaign with measurements of chemical, physical and biological parameters in water and air at different experimental sites in the region of the Alqueva reservoir, a 250 km2 man made lake, in the southeast of Portugal. The Field campaign took place from June 1 to September 30, 2014 and comprises an Intensive Observation Period (IOP) of three days (22 to 24 July). During the four months, the over water fluxes of momentum, heat and mass (H2O and CO2) were obtained with an integrated Open-Path CO2 /H2O Gas Analyser and 3D Sonic Anemometer, mounted on a floating platform, where radiative fluxes were also measured, as well as the water temperature profile. Eight near surface weather stations were operating in the area and air quality, atmospheric electrical field (Potential Gradient) and radon (222Rn) concentration were continuous monitored. Along this period, in situ measurements, water samples and biological elements were monthly collected from three fixed platforms placed in the lacustrine zone and from selected sites in the margins. During the IOP, radiosondes were launched every tree hours, allowing a characterization of the atmospheric boundary layer and its evolution. In 10 occasions Geigersondes were coupled to the radiosondes in order to obtain the atmospheric ionization profile. The boundary layer was characterized with a Ceilometer and the vertical distribution of O3 and NO2 were obtained from a Spectrometer. A GPS network of 15 GNSS stations was installed in order to map the water vapour. The sky brightnesson the nights of July 24 and 25, was measured using a Sky Quality Meter. The lake-atmosphere interactions and its impact in the boundary layer structure and in the local circulations are studied using data collected during the ALEX 2014 POI together with results from numerical simulations performed with the non-hydrostatic Meso-NH french model.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A "dura" e o "desenrolo": efeitos práticos da nova lei de drogas no Rio de Janeiro

O artigo apresenta uma análise dos efeitos da nova lei de drogas sobre a repressão legal ao consumo de substâncias ilícitas e o processamento formal dos casos encaminhados ao sistema de justiça criminal. Buscou-se compreender as práticas dos atores envolvidos com o controle social ou legal do uso de drogas e elucidar as dinâmicas das negociações envolvidas no processo de incriminação dos usuários, à luz do debate em torno das mudanças trazidas pelo novo diploma legal. Observou-se uma redução dos números de casos que entram no sistema como uso de drogas, o que não se explicaria somente pela mudança na lei, mas pela interpretação de que esse crime teria se descaracterizado. Argumentamos que o descaso com o processamento legal desse tipo de crime teria deixado sua administração a cargo dos policiais militares que fazem o policiamento ostensivo nas ruas, que ganharam um aval implícito para negociar o encaminhamento ou não do usuário para a delegacia e até mesmo influenciar o tipo penal em que ele será classificado. A imprecisão dos critérios legais para distinguir entre usuários e traficantes, somada à imensa disparidade entre as penas previstas para esses crimes - acentuada pela nova lei -, contribuiria para a negociação informal da maior ou menor punição dos indivíduos e reificaria os estereótipos policiais, favorecendo a arbitrariedade. Tal indefinição não resultaria de uma imprecisão da lei, mas da impossibilidade empírica de realizar-se um recorte preciso entre essas classificações