59 research outputs found

    SynthÚses et caractérisations de complexes à base de calix[4]arÚne et de rhodium(I) utilisés pour l'hydroformylation régiosélective d'oléfines terminales

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    Le but de ce travail est d'étudier les propriétés catalytiques de nouveaux complexes à base de calix[4]arÚne et de rhodium(I) utilisés pour la réaction d'hydroformylation régiosélective d'oléfines terminales. Une comparaison entre les résultats catalytiques des deux types de complexes soient 5,17-diphosphinés et 5,11-diphosphinés (phosphines en position distale et phosphines en position proximale, respectivement) a été effectuée afin de vérifier l'implication de la cavité hydrophobe du calix[4]arÚne sur la régiosélectivité de la réaction. Les ligands 5,17- et 5,11-dialkylphosphinés ont été synthétisés suite à un échange lithium-halogÚne dans le THF à -78[degrés]C à partir des dérivés bromés correspondants suivi d'une substitution avec le chlorure de phosphine (R[indice inférieur 2]PCl) correspondant et d'une oxydation à l'aide de peroxyde d'hydrogÚne. Cette nouvelle stratégie de synthÚse permet de purifier plus facilement les diphosphines. La synthÚse des complexes de rhodium(I) a ensuite été effectuée en ajoutant lentement la diphosphine choisie à une solution de [Rh(COD)Cl][indice inférieur 2] et de TlPF[indice inférieur 6]. Les propriétés de ces complexes précatalyseurs ont été étudiées lors de l'hydroformylation d'oléfines terminales."--Résumé abrégé par UMI

    Organogel à base d'un dérivé de la L-alanine pour la libération prolongée de leuprolide : étude pharmacocinétique et pharmacodynamique chez le rat

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    Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothÚques de l'Université de Montréal

    Tyrosine-based rivastigmine-loaded organogels in the treatmant of Alzheimer's disease

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    FacultĂ© de PharmacieOrganogels can be prepared by immobilizing an organic phase into a threedimensional network coming from the self-assembly of a low molecular weight gelator molecule. In this work, an injectable subcutaneous organogel system based on safflower oil and a modified-tyrosine organogelator was evaluated in vivo for the delivery of rivastigmine, an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Different implant formulations were injected and the plasmatic drug concentration was assayed for up to 35 days. In parallel, the inhibition of AChE in different brain sections and the biocompatibility of the implants were monitored. The pharmacokinetic profiles were found to be influenced by the gel composition, injected dose and volume of the implant. The sustained delivery of rivastigmine was accompanied by a significant prolonged inhibition of AChE in the hippocampus, a brain structure involved in memory. The implant induced only a minimal to mild chronic inflammation and fibrosis, which was comparable to poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) in situ-forming implants. These findings suggest that tyrosine-based organogels could represent an alternative approach to current formulations for the sustained delivery of cholinesterase inhibitors.IRS

    Revue d'histoire du Bas-Saint-Laurent, vol. 12 (3-4)

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    Mot de l'Ă©diteur -- Au micro de CJBR -- La grande histoire de CJBR -- Jules-A. Brillant et le poste CJBR -- Avec CJBR, un bon en avant pour le Bas St-Laurent -- CJBR, l'Ă©cole -- L'annonceur: un Ă©ducateur populaire -- Sandy Burgess : le journaliste que j'ai connu -- "Ce pays qui est le mien" -- Un demi-siĂšcle d'information: que de nouvelles! -- Journaliste de pĂšre en fils Ă  CJBR -- Le thĂ©Ăątre Ă  CJBR -- 50 ans de musique Ă  CJBR, le chĂąteau fort de la mĂ©lodie française -- PoĂ©sie, thĂ©Ăątre, jazz et originalitĂ© avec Michel Garneau -- Les "Chroniques du dimanche", l'Ăąge d'or de la critique culturelle Ă  CJBR -- "Si CJBR m'Ă©tait contĂ©..." -- L'Ă©volution technologique, un Ă©lĂ©ment-clef de l'histoire des 50 ans de radiodiffusion -- La publicitĂ© Ă  CJBR, quarante ans de croissance -- Des pionniĂšres Ă  CJBR -- 1958-1972, des annĂ©es enrichissantes -- De Trois-Pistoles Ă  Rimouski -- Le sport et son enracinement dans le milieu rĂ©gional -- "Debout c'est l'heure", c'est Jean Brisson qui sonne le rĂ©veil -- "Par une belle journĂ©e de tempĂȘte" -- Et on repart vers la centain

    Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

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    [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]

    SynthÚses et caractérisations de complexes à base de calix[4]arÚne et de rhodium(I) utilisés pour l'hydroformylation régiosélective d'oléfines terminales

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    Le but de ce travail est d'étudier les propriétés catalytiques de nouveaux complexes à base de calix[4]arÚne et de rhodium(I) utilisés pour la réaction d'hydroformylation régiosélective d'oléfines terminales. Une comparaison entre les résultats catalytiques des deux types de complexes soient 5,17-diphosphinés et 5,11-diphosphinés (phosphines en position distale et phosphines en position proximale, respectivement) a été effectuée afin de vérifier l'implication de la cavité hydrophobe du calix[4]arÚne sur la régiosélectivité de la réaction. Les ligands 5,17- et 5,11-dialkylphosphinés ont été synthétisés suite à un échange lithium-halogÚne dans le THF à -78[degrés]C à partir des dérivés bromés correspondants suivi d'une substitution avec le chlorure de phosphine (R[indice inférieur 2]PCl) correspondant et d'une oxydation à l'aide de peroxyde d'hydrogÚne. Cette nouvelle stratégie de synthÚse permet de purifier plus facilement les diphosphines. La synthÚse des complexes de rhodium(I) a ensuite été effectuée en ajoutant lentement la diphosphine choisie à une solution de [Rh(COD)Cl][indice inférieur 2] et de TlPF[indice inférieur 6]. Les propriétés de ces complexes précatalyseurs ont été étudiées lors de l'hydroformylation d'oléfines terminales."--Résumé abrégé par UMI

    La Nation huronne-wendat et l’archĂ©ologie au QuĂ©bec

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    Depuis plusieurs annĂ©es, le Bureau du NionwentsĂŻo de la Nation huronne-wendat rĂ©alise des recherches dans les archives et dans la tradition orale concernant la prĂ©sence historique des Hurons-Wendat sur leur territoire ancestral. Les rĂ©sultats de ces travaux sont notamment utilisĂ©s afin de protĂ©ger les lieux patrimoniaux et d’identifier les zones de potentiel archĂ©ologique requises par les processus d’harmonisation forestiĂšre et les consultations provinciales et fĂ©dĂ©rales. La Nation huronne-wendat s’implique de plus en plus dans l’archĂ©ologie au QuĂ©bec, tout comme en Ontario. RĂ©cemment, l’archĂ©ologie a Ă©tĂ© mise en oeuvre afin de supporter le projet d’aire protĂ©gĂ©e des Hurons-Wendat dans la rĂ©gion de Ya’nienhonhndeh (lac Ă  MoĂŻse), dans la RĂ©serve faunique des Laurentides. En 2016 et 2017, des Ă©coles d’étĂ© en archĂ©ologie ont eu lieu dans cette rĂ©gion en collaboration avec l’UniversitĂ© Laval et ont menĂ© Ă  des dĂ©couvertes significatives. L’usage de l’archĂ©ologie par la Nation huronne-wendat soulĂšve par ailleurs des questions Ă©thiques importantes, en particulier en ce qui concerne les politiques dĂ©veloppĂ©es par le ministĂšre de la Culture et des Communications du QuĂ©bec et la propriĂ©tĂ© des artĂ©facts dĂ©couverts.For several years now, the Nionwentsio Office of the Huron-Wendat Nation has carried out research in archives and on oral tradition regarding the historic presence of the Huron-Wendat within their ancestral territory. The results of this work are used, notably, to protect heritage areas and identify areas of archaeological potential required as part of forest harmonization processes, and provincial and federal consultations. The Huron-Wendat Nation has become increasingly involved in archaeology in QuĂ©bec, as well as in Ontario. Archaeology has been implemented recently to support the Huron-Wendat Protected Area Project in the Ya’nienhonhndeh – Lac Ă  MoĂŻse area, which is part of the RĂ©serve faunique des Laurentides. In 2016 and 2017, archaeology summer schools were held in this region in collaboration with Laval University and led to significant discoveries. The use of archaeology by the Huron-Wendat Nation also raises important ethical questions, particularly regarding the policies developed by the QuĂ©bec Ministry of Culture and Communications and the ownership of discovered artifacts.Desde hace varios años, la Oficina NionwentsĂŻo de la NaciĂłn Huron-Wendat lleva a cabo investigaciones en archivos y tradiciones orales sobre la presencia histĂłrica de los Huron-Wendat en su territorio ancestral. Los resultados de estos trabajos se utilizan para proteger los lugares patrimoniales e identificar las ĂĄreas de potencial arqueolĂłgico requeridas por los procesos de armonizaciĂłn forestal, asĂ­ como de las consultas provinciales y federales. La NaciĂłn Huron-Wendat estĂĄ cada vez mĂĄs involucrada en la arqueologĂ­a en Quebec, asĂ­ como en Ontario. Recientemente, se ha implementado la arqueologĂ­a para apoyar el proyecto de ĂĄrea protegida Huron-Wendat en la regiĂłn de Ya’nienhonhndeh (Lago Ă  MoĂŻse), en la Reserva de Vida Silvestre de Laurentides. En 2016 y 2017, se realizaron escuelas de verano de arqueologĂ­a en esta regiĂłn en colaboraciĂłn con la Universidad Laval, que permitieron realizar importantes descubrimientos. El uso de la arqueologĂ­a por parte de la NaciĂłn Huron-Wendat plantea importantes cuestiones Ă©ticas, en particular con respecto a las polĂ­ticas desarrolladas por el Ministerio de la Cultura y Comunicaciones de Quebec, asĂ­ como a la propiedad de los objetos descubiertos

    Role of reserve carbohydrates in the growth dynamics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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    International audienceThe purpose of this study was to explore the role of glycogen and trehalose in the ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to respond to a sudden rise of the carbon flux. To this end, aerobic glucose-limited continuous cultures were challenged with a sudden increase of the dilution rate from 0.05 to 0.15 h−1. Under this condition, a rapid mobilization of glycogen and trehalose was observed which coincided with a transient burst of budding and a decrease of cell biomass. Experiments carried out with mutants defective in storage carbohydrates indicated a predominant role of glycogen in the adaptation to this perturbation. However, the real importance of trehalose in this response was veiled by the unexpected phenotypes harboured by the tps1 mutant, chosen for its inability to synthesize trehalose. First, the biomass yield of this mutant was 25% lower than that of the isogenic wild-type strain at dilution rate of 0.05 h−1, and this difference was annulled when cultures were run at a higher dilution rate of 0.15 h−1. Second, the tps1 mutant was more effective to sustain the dilution rate shift-up, apparently because it had a faster glycolytic rate and an apparent higher capacity to consume glucose with oxidative phosphorylation than the wild type. Consequently, a tps1gsy1gsy2 mutant was able to adapt to the dilution rate shift-up after a long delay, likely because the detrimental effects from the absence of glycogen was compensated for by the tps1 mutation. Third, a glg1Δglg2Δ strain, defective in glycogen synthesis because of the lack of the glycogen initiation protein, recovered glycogen accumulation upon further deletion of TPS1. This recovery, however, required glycogen synthase. Finally, we demonstrated that the rapid breakdown of reserve carbohydrates triggered by the shift-up is merely due to changes in the concentrations of hexose-6-phosphate and UDPglucose, which are the main metabolic effectors of the rate-limiting enzymes of glycogen and trehalose pathways

    Wood cladding in non - residential construction : overcoming the barriers to leverage the opportunities

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    Wood cladding is used in the residential market. However, the use of wood cladding in nonresidential and large multi-residential projects can sometimes be difficult. This paper highlights the barriers to the use of this material and draws recommendations to overcome them. A triangulation approach was used to enhance the validity of the findings with a deep literature review, interviews with different stakeholders, and analysis of several websites. The cross-compared analyses indicated that four main obstacles have hampered the use of wood cladding in non-residential projects. In order of importance, these obstacles are the recurring maintenance needed, restricting regulations (building code fire-safety and architecture implementation), appearance issues, and technical considerations regarding detailing and installation. To overcome the barriers of wood use in the non-residential market, three development axes are proposed based on communication with stakeholders, product adaptation for non-residential markets, and new product development with regards to product maintenance performance. These recommendations can guide manufacturers in adapting their product development strategies

    Dynamic responses of reserve carbohydrate metabolism under carbon and nitrogen limitations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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    International audienceThe dynamic responses of reserve carbohydrates with respect to shortage of either carbon or nitrogen source was studied to obtain a sound basis for further investigations devoted to the characterization of mechanisms by which the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae can cope with nutrient limitation during growth. This study was carried out in well-controlled bioreactors which allow accurate monitoring of growth and frequent sampling without disturbing the culture. Under glucose limitation, genes involved in glycogen and trehalose biosynthesis (GLG1, GSY1, GSY2, GAC1, GLC3, TPS1), in their degradation (GPH1, NTH1), and the typical stress-responsive CTT1 gene were coordinately induced in parallel with glycogen, when the growth has left the pure exponential phase and while glucose was still plentiful in the medium. Trehalose accumulation was delayed until the diauxic shift, although TPS1 was induced much earlier, due to hydrolysis of trehalose by high trehalase activity. In contrast, under nitrogen limitation, both glycogen and trehalose began to accumulate at the precise time when the nitrogen source was exhausted from the medium, coincidentally with the transcriptional activation of genes involved in their metabolism. While this response to nitrogen starvation was likely mediated by the stress-responsive elements (STREs) in the promoter of these genes, we found that these elements were not responsible for the co-induction of genes involved in reserve carbohydrate metabolism during glucose limitation, since GLG1, which does not contain any STRE, was coordinately induced with GSY2 and TPS1
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