INVESTIGATION OF CYCLOTRON RADIATION FROM GRAPHENE-BASED DEVICES

Current solutions to address the terahertz gap—the range of frequencies from 0.3 THz to 3.0 THz in the electromagnetic spectrum—fall into two broad categories: microwave solutions and photonic solutions. The most promising solutions—high electron mobility transistors and quantum cascade lasers—while capable of producing the desired THz frequencies, are limited from widespread use due to cost and operating environment requirements. Graphene’s remarkable material properties have been extensively explored for applications as a replacement forsilicon in integrated circuits to novel biological sensors. Of particular interest is graphene’s exceptionally high carrier mobility and saturation velocity. These properties make it an excellent candidate for a solid state implementation of a cyclotron radiation source. With the appropriate design, a cyclotron style device that emits THz radiation is possible. This work details the modeling, design, simulation, fabrication, and characterization of graphene-based cyclotrons. Simulated finite element graphene arcs indicate that emissions of 1 THz or greater requires an arc radius of 67 nm or less. Fabricated micron scale model on commercial graphene wafers have demonstrated cyclotron radiation emissions at microwave frequencies (3 GHz–4 GHz), which is independent of the applied stimulus frequencies of 1.73 GHz and 10.16 GHz. Fabrication of nanoscale arc arrays exceeding 1 million per square millimeter was also demonstrated.Distribution Statement A. Approved for public release: Distribution is unlimited.Civilian, Department of the Nav

Las TIC en la enseñanza del inglés en Primaria

El Trabajo de Fin de Grado (TFG) que se presenta a continuación pretende realizar un estudio acerca de los conocimientos y habilidades que los profesores de Inglés tienen de las nuevas tecnologías, también llamadas Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC). Las TIC están cambiando la forma de pensar sobre el aprendizaje y, sin duda, suponen una mejora de las estrategias de enseñanza pero debe existir un cambio metodológico y un cambio en la mentalidad del profesorado. En el proyecto se parte de una serie de supuestos teóricos donde centrar y conceptualizar el tema tratado y los términos básicos, para posteriormente describir la investigación llevada a cabo, exponer los resultados que se han obtenido así como una reflexión sobre la realidad del aula, finalmente se comenta una posible propuesta de mejora y las conclusiones oportunas.Grado en Educación Primari

Infrastructure features outperform environmental variables explaining rabbit abundance around motorways

Human disturbance is widespread across landscapes in the form of roads that alter wildlife populations. Knowing which road features are responsible for the species response and their relevance in comparison with environmental variables will provide useful information for effective conservation measures. We sampled relative abundance of European rabbits, a very widespread species, in motorway verges at regional scale, in an area with large variability in environmental and infrastructure conditions. Environmental variables included vegetation structure, plant productivity, distance to water sources, and altitude. Infrastructure characteristics were the type of vegetation in verges, verge width, traffic volume, and the presence of embankments. We performed a variance partitioning analysis to determine the relative importance of two sets of variables on rabbit abundance. Additionally, we identified the most important variables and their effects model averaging after model selection by AICc on hypothesis-based models. As a group, infrastructure features explained four times more variability in rabbit abundance than environmental variables, being the effects of the former critical in motorway stretches located in altered landscapes with no available habitat for rabbits, such as agricultural fields. Model selection and Akaike weights showed that verge width and traffic volume are the most important variables explaining rabbit abundance index, with positive and negative effects, respectively. In the light of these results, the response of species to the infrastructure can be modulated through the modification of motorway features, being some of them manageable in the design phase. The identification of such features leads to suggestions for improvement through low-cost corrective measures and conservation plans. As a general indication, keeping motorway verges less than 10 m wide will prevent high densities of rabbits and avoid the unwanted effects that rabbit populations can generate in some areasA.P. was supported by a PhD grant of the Basque Government. This study forms part of the CENIT-OASIS Project funded by a consortium of companies supported by the Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico e Industrial of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (CENIT-2008 1016). The Comunidad de Madrid, together with the European Social Fund, supports the TEG research group through the REMEDINAL-3 Research Network (S2013/MAE-2719

Transport infrastructure shapes foraging habitat in a raptor community

Transport infrastructure elements are widespread and increasing in size and length in many countries, with the subsequent alteration of landscapes and wildlife communities. Nonetheless, their effects on habitat selection by raptors are still poorly understood. In this paper, we analyzed raptors ' foraging habitat selection in response to conventional roads and high capacity motorways at the landscape scale, and compared their effects with those of other variables, such as habitat structure, food availability, and presence of potential interspecific competitors. We also analyzed whether the raptors' response towards infrastructure depends on the spatial scale of observation, comparing the attraction or avoidance behavior of the species at the landscape scale with the response of individuals observed in the proximity of the infrastructure. Based on ecological hypotheses for foraging habitat selection, we built generalized linear mixed models, selected the best models according to Akaike Information Criterion and assessed variable importance by Akaike weights. At the community level, the traffic volume was the most relevant variable in the landscape for foraging habitat selection. Abundance, richness, and diversity values reached their maximum at medium traffic volumes and decreased at highest traffic volumes. Individual species showed different degrees of tolerance toward traffic, from higher abundance in areas with high traffic values to avoidance of it. Medium-sized opportunistic raptors increased their abundance near the traffic infrastructures, large scavenger raptors avoided areas with higher traffic values, and other species showed no direct response to traffic but to the presence of prey. Finally, our cross-scale analysis revealed that the effect of transport infrastructures on the behavior of some species might be detectable only at a broad scale. Also, food availability may attract raptor species to risky areas such as motorwaysAP was supported by a PhD grant of the Basque Government. This study forms part of the CENIT-OASIS Project funded by a consortium of companies supported by the Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico e Industrial of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (CENIT-2008 1016). The Comunidad de Madrid, together with the European Social Fund, supports the TEG research group through the REMEDINAL Research Network (S-2009/AMB/1783). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscri

Implantación de una unidad de baja visión y rehabilitación visual en un centro óptico en funcionamiento en la ciudad de Zaragoza, España

El presente Trabajo de Fin de Máster expone el proceso para la implantación de una unidad de baja visión en un centro óptico ya en funcionamiento en la ciudad de Zaragoza, España. Los pacientes con baja visión presentan numerosas dificultades para la realización de actividades de la vida diaria. Por ello, la existencia de unidades especializadas supone una gran ayuda para dichos pacientes. En este documento se van a describir los objetivos, el entorno en el que está ubicado el centro, organización y estructura de la unidad, plan financiero y de marketing que se seguirá para ofrecer una atención individualizada y adaptada a las necesidades de los pacientes. Además, se revisará la legislación que regula los establecimientos de óptica en Aragón y se analizará la percepción de la población sobre los establecimientos de óptica.Departamento de Cirugía, Oftalmología, Otorrinolaringología y FisioterapiaMáster en Rehabilitación Visua

Intervención psicológica para reducir la siniestralidad laboral

En el presente trabajo se hace un análisis de todo aquello que rodea a los accidentes de trabajo y enfermedades profesionales. En primer lugar se estudia la referencia legislativa donde se encuadra la siniestralidad laboral, en concreto, la Ley 31/1995 de 8 de Noviembre de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales. En esta ley se recogen una serie de principios y obligaciones que deben asumir tanto los empresarios como los trabajadores para garantizar la seguridad de los trabajadores y entre todos lograr un buen clima de trabajo. Se analiza también un estudio donde aparece la evolución de la siniestralidad laboral durante los años 2000 – 2012. Por último, se lleva a cabo un análisis de las variables que afectan a las personas y que influyen a la hora de que se produzcan accidentes laborales y enfermedades profesionales y diferentes formas de intervención, para que la siniestralidad se reduzcaGraduado o Graduada en Relaciones Laborales y Recursos Humanos por la Universidad Pública de NavarraLan Harremanetan eta Giza Baliabideetan Graduatua Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa

Inflammasomes as microbial sensors

Members of the Nod-like receptor family and the adaptor ASC assemble into multiprotein platforms, termed inflammasomes, to mediate the activation of caspase-1 and subsequent secretion of IL-1Β and IL-18. Recent studies have identified microbial and endogenous molecules as well as possible mechanisms involved in inflammasome activation.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69174/1/611_ftp.pd

Road effects on vertebrates: From rabbit abundance to tredator habitat use and mortality

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ecología. Fecha de lectura: 15-12-2015Esta tesis tiene embargado el acceso al texto completo hasta el 15-06-201

The landscape of fear: Why some free-ranging rodents choose repeated live-trapping over predation risk and how it is associated with the physiological stress response

Live trapping is an essential element of field ecological studies. However, the act of trapping provides two types of conditional benefits (food from the bait when hungry, and refuge from a predator when threatened) against one type of drawback (confinement). Our understanding of how animals assess the two benefits against the lone risk determines how we interpret classic field studies in chemical ecology and wildlife management. Here, we studied wood mice responses to these risks and rewards of field trapping by examining experience through recapture and faecal corticosterone metabolites (FCM) as a physiological response indicator. Wood mice were live-trapped in two different plots subjected to two distinct phases: phase 1, absence of predator cues, and phase 2, in which traps were treated with red fox faeces. During phase 1, the recapture percentage was lower indicating that mice avoided traps while FCM levels in recaptured mice were higher. On the contrary, during phase 2, despite the total number of captures was lower we found an increase in the recapture percentage and FCM levels did not increase in recaptured mice. Our results suggest that under increased risk perception traps could be likely considered as a suitable shelter and thus, for some individuals the benefits of traps may outweigh their risks. In addition, we discovered that the effects of combining two stressors do not result in the addition of the response originated by each factor separatelyThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors