Confirmatory factor analysis and psychometric properties of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale−30 (RCADS-30) in clinical and non-clinical samples

Abstract: The 30-item shortened version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-30) is a self-report instrument to assess symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders. This study examined the factor structure, reliability, and construct validity of the RCADS-30, based on a sample of children and adolescents in clinical and community settings. Results provide evidence for (a) the six factors of the scale (separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and major depressive disorder), (b) reliability (alpha and omega), and (c) convergent and discriminant validity against self-report and clinical interview criteria. The RCADS-30 demonstrated sound psychometric properties and that it is a suitable instrument to assess depression and anxiety disorder symptoms. Based on established cut-off scores, the scale also showed adequate capacity to differentiate emotional disorders from other mental disorders or the absence of diagnosis.Resumen: Análisis factorial confirmatorio y propiedades psicométricas de la Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-30) en muestras clínicas y no clínicas. La versión abreviada de 30 ítems de la Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS-30) es un instrumento de autoinforme para evaluar síntomas de los trastornos de ansiedad y depresivos. Este estudio examinó la estructura factorial, la fiabilidad y la validez de constructo de la RCADS-30 en una muestra de niños y adolescentes procedentes de muestras clínicas y comunitarias. Los resultados aportan evidencia sobre (a) los seis factores de la escala (trastorno de ansiedad de separación, trastorno de ansiedad generalizada, trastorno de pánico, fobia social, trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo, y trastorno depresivo mayor), (b) fiabilidad (alfa y omega), y (c) validez convergente y discriminante sobre autoinformes y entrevista clínica. La RCADS-30 demostró poseer buenas propiedades psicométricas y ser adecuada para evaluar los síntomas de los trastornos de ansiedad y depresivos. Sobre la base de puntos de corte establecidos, la escala mostró adecuada capacidad para diferenciar los trastornos emocionales de otros problemas mentales o la ausencia de diagnóstico.

La bomba de mecate en abastecimientos de agua y aplicaciones para la seguridad alimentaria

El camino de la lucha contra el hambre pasa por asegurar la disponibilidad y la accesibilidad de los alimentos para todas las personas. Para poder garantizar esto se requiere de un apoyo tecnológico tanto en la mejora de la productividad, obteniendo mayor cantidad de alimentos de calidad por superficie cultivada, cómo en los recursos empleados y la accesibilidad de los mismos. Es en este punto dónde las tecnologías aplicadas al desarrollo humano juegan un papel decisivo. Este artículo plantea el empleo de la Bomba de Mecate sobrelevada (BM-II) como método para lograr la Seguridad Alimentaria y su aplicación a un caso concreto. Nacido del trabajo desarrollado en el Grupo de Cooperación Sistemas de Agua y Saneamiento para el Desarrollo y el proyecto de Innovación educativa Diseño y Tecnología para el Desarrollo Humano desde el laboratorio de Hidráulica Aplicada de la Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería y Diseño Industrial (ETSIDI) de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)

El papel mediador de las fortalezas psicológicas entre la interferencia académica/laboral y la salud mental durante el confinamiento por COVID-19

The psychological impact due to the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has been evidenced. Some of the variables associated with this have been the presence of previous financial problems, being students or being inactive, all of them issues related to the work and academic scope. Consequently, the main objective of the work was to analyze the mediating role that personal strengths for mental health have in the face of academic/work interference caused by lockdown due to COVID-19 in Spain based on work status (students, workers active and inactive), controlling in turn for other sociodemographic variables (sex and age). For the data collection of this descriptive cross-sectional study, an online survey was used, composed of instruments to assess the degree of interference in academic/work activities (ad hoc), maladaptive coping strategies (COPE-28), resilience (CD-RISC), covitality (SEHS), healthy habits (ad hoc), psychological well-being (WHO-5) and psychological distress (PHQ-4). The results showed: on the one hand, that the groups of students and inactivity showed worse mental health indicators and personal resources, while the opposite effect was found in the group of active workers; and, on the other hand, the PROCESS mediation models (model 4) evidenced a damping effect of personal resources between perceived academic/work interference and psychological adjustment indicators (well-being and psychological distress), regardless of the work category. In conclusion, the protective role of personal resources in psychological adjustment during lockdown due to COVID-19 is highlightedEl impacto psicológico debido a la pandemia por coronavirus (COVID-19) ha sido evidenciado. Algunas de las variables asociadas a éste han sido la presencia de problemas financieros previos, ser estudiantes o encontrarse inactivo, todas ellas cuestiones relacionadas con el ámbito laboral y académico. En consecuencia, el objetivo principal del trabajo fue analizar el papel mediador que tienen las fortalezas personales para la salud mental frente a la interferencia académica/laboral provocada por el confinamiento debido a la COVID-19 en España en función del estatus laboral (estudiantes, trabajadores activos e inactivos), controlando a su vez otras variables sociodemográficas (sexo y edad). Para la recogida de datos del presente estudio descriptivo de corte transversal se utilizó una encuesta online, compuesta por instrumentos para valorar el grado de interferencia en las actividades académicas/laborales (ad hoc), las estrategias de afrontamiento desadaptativas (COPE-28), la resiliencia (CD-RISC), la covitalidad (SEHS), los hábitos saludables (ad hoc), el bienestar psicológico (WHO-5) y malestar psicológico (PHQ-4). Los resultados mostraron, por un lado, que los colectivos de estudiantes y de inactividad manifestaron peores indicadores de salud mental y recursos personales, mientras que el efecto contrario fue hallado en el grupo de trabajadores activos; y, por otro lado, los modelos de mediación PROCESS (modelo 4) evidenciaron un efecto amortiguador de los recursos personales entre la interferencia académica/laboral percibida y los indicadores de ajuste psicosocial (bienestar y malestar psicológico), independientemente de la categoría laboral. En conclusión, se destaca la función protectora de los recursos personales en el ajuste psicosocial durante el periodo de confinamiento por COVID-19

Comprehensive characterization of a novel, oncogenic and targetable SEPTIN6::ABL2 fusion in T-ALL

descripción no proporcionada por scopusThis work was supported in part by funds from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (SAF2015-70561-R; MINECO/FEDER, EU to J.F.-P. and M.V.-M.); Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RTI2018-093330-B-I00; MCIU/FEDER, EU to J.F.-P. and J.S.); Fundación Ramón Areces (CIVP19S7917 to J.F.-P.); Comunidad de Madrid (B2017/BMD-3778; LINFOMAS-CM to J.F.-P.); Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer (AECC, 2018; PROYE18054PIRI to J.F.-P. and LABAE20049RODR to S.R-P.); Spanish National Research and Development Plan, Instituto de Salud Carlos III and FEDER (PI20/01837 to S.R.-P. and PI21/01641 to R.T.-R.); Proyecto Desarrollo Tecnológico (DTS19/00111 to S.R.-P.); Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz to J.F.-P. Institutional grants from the Fundación Ramón Areces and Banco de Santander to the CBMSO; IAP-DRCLAS at Harvard and Fundación Asisa (086812) are also acknowledged

Propiedades psicométricas del pain and sensitivity reactivity scale (psrs) en población neurotípica joven adulta

La investigación de las respuestas sensoriales a los estímulos se ha incrementado en los últimos años, siendo su valoración compleja, ya que se considera una respuesta subjetiva y dependiente de diferencias individuales, pero que está presente tanto en población no-clínica como en población clínica. Existen algunas escalas y cuestionarios para su valoración, pero tienen limitaciones para su posterior uso, están indicados principalmente para población clínica y la mayoría son unidimensionales. La prueba Pain and Sensitivity Reactivity Scale (PSRS) está compuesto por 50 ítems que miden el dolor, la hiposensibilidad e hipersensibilidad. Para su análisis se recogieron los datos mediante una encuesta online respondida por una muestra no clínica de 1122 adolescentes y adultos (M = 22.39, DT = 7.32). En los primeros resultados descriptivos aparecen diferencias de género en algunas de las escalas de la prueba, y una buena consistencia interna tanto para la prueba total como para las escalas que lo componen. Además, en el análisis factorial exploratorio aparecen las tres dimensiones principales de la prueba. Los primeros resultados muestran que la prueba puede ser útil para medir las variables. Estos resultados tienen implicaciones importantes porque podrán poner en referencia el malestar físico, la hiposensibilidad e hipersensibilidad en una muestra neurotípica ofreciendo la posibilidad de contextualizar la evaluación y el manejo de estas variables en población clínica.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Propiedades psicométricas del Pain and Sensitivity Reactivity Scales (PSRS) en población neurotípica infantojuvenil

La percepción del dolor y la reactividad sensorial se presenta como una tarea difícil para la ciencia al ser considera una respuesta subjetiva que depende de diferencias individuales. Esta dificultad se incrementa aún más si la población de estudio incluye a niños y a adolescentes. Para la medición de esta respuesta se pueden utilizar medidas neurofisiológicas o escalas estandarizadas que cuantifiquen la información. Esta evaluación es de suma importancia, ya que puede detectar si existe una dificultad para recibir e interpretar los estímulos sensoriales tanto exteroceptivos como interoceptivos. Sin embargo, aún no existe una escala dimensional para población infanto-juvenil que aborde este campo. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar las propiedades psicométricas del Pain and Sensitivity Reactivity Scale (PSRS) en población infanto-juvenil neurotípica. La muestra está formada por más de 1000 niños y adolescentes de 12 a 17 años. La versión infanto-juvenil de la PSRS está formada tres escalas que hacen referencia al dolor, la hiposensibilidad e hipersensibilidad. Los resultados muestran una consistencia interna adecuada tanto para las diferentes escalas y como para el instrumento. Por último, en el análisis factorial exploratorio aparecen las tres dimensiones principales. En conclusión, poder evaluar la percepción del dolor y la reactividad sensorial en población infanto-juvenil puede ayudar a contextualizar problemas conductuales, emocionales e incluso académicos que pueden estar encubiertos por el desconocimiento que tanto el propio individuo muestra sobre su percepción como por el desconocimiento que familiares y profesionales de la educación presentan sobre las diferencias en la reactividad sensorial y la percepción del dolor.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Height and timing of growth spurt during puberty in young people living with vertically acquired HIV in Europe and Thailand.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to describe growth during puberty in young people with vertically acquired HIV. DESIGN: Pooled data from 12 paediatric HIV cohorts in Europe and Thailand. METHODS: One thousand and ninety-four children initiating a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor or boosted protease inhibitor based regimen aged 1-10 years were included. Super Imposition by Translation And Rotation (SITAR) models described growth from age 8 years using three parameters (average height, timing and shape of the growth spurt), dependent on age and height-for-age z-score (HAZ) (WHO references) at antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Multivariate regression explored characteristics associated with these three parameters. RESULTS: At ART initiation, median age and HAZ was 6.4 [interquartile range (IQR): 2.8, 9.0] years and -1.2 (IQR: -2.3 to -0.2), respectively. Median follow-up was 9.1 (IQR: 6.9, 11.4) years. In girls, older age and lower HAZ at ART initiation were independently associated with a growth spurt which occurred 0.41 (95% confidence interval 0.20-0.62) years later in children starting ART age 6 to 10 years compared with 1 to 2 years and 1.50 (1.21-1.78) years later in those starting with HAZ less than -3 compared with HAZ at least -1. Later growth spurts in girls resulted in continued height growth into later adolescence. In boys starting ART with HAZ less than -1, growth spurts were later in children starting ART in the oldest age group, but for HAZ at least -1, there was no association with age. Girls and boys who initiated ART with HAZ at least -1 maintained a similar height to the WHO reference mean. CONCLUSION: Stunting at ART initiation was associated with later growth spurts in girls. Children with HAZ at least -1 at ART initiation grew in height at the level expected in HIV negative children of a comparable age

WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: Prevalence and Distribution of Mental Disorders

Increasingly, colleges across the world are contending with rising rates of mental disorders, and in many cases, the demand for services on campus far exceeds the available resources. The present study reports initial results from the first stage of the WHO World Mental Health International College Student project, in which a series of surveys in 19 colleges across 8 countries (Australia, Belgium, Germany, Mexico, Northern Ireland, South Africa, Spain, United States) were carried out with the aim of estimating prevalence and basic sociodemographic correlates of common mental disorders among first-year college students. Web-based self-report questionnaires administered to incoming first-year students (45.5% pooled response rate) screened for six common lifetime and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders: major depression, mania/hypomania, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder. We focus on the 13,984 respondents who were full-time students: 35% of whom screened positive for at least one of the common lifetime disorders assessed and 31% screened positive for at least one 12-month disorder. Syndromes typically had onsets in early to middle adolescence and persisted into the year of the survey. Although relatively modest, the strongest correlates of screening positive were older age, female sex, unmarried-deceased parents, no religious affiliation, nonheterosexual identification and behavior, low secondary school ranking, and extrinsic motivation for college enrollment. The weakness of these associations means that the syndromes considered are widely distributed with respect to these variables in the student population. Although the extent to which cost-effective treatment would reduce these risks is unclear, the high level of need for mental health services implied by these results represents a major challenge to institutions of higher education and governments. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).status: publishe

Barriers of mental health treatment utilization among first-year college students: First cross-national results from the WHO World Mental Health International College Student Initiative.

BACKGROUND: Although mental disorders and suicidal thoughts-behaviors (suicidal thoughts and behaviors) are common among university students, the majority of students with these problems remain untreated. It is unclear what the barriers are to these students seeking treatment. AIMS: The aim of this study is to examine the barriers to future help-seeking and the associations of clinical characteristics with these barriers in a cross-national sample of first-year college students. METHOD: As part of the World Mental Health International College Student (WMH-ICS) initiative, web-based self-report surveys were obtained from 13,984 first-year students in eight countries across the world. Clinical characteristics examined included screens for common mental disorders and reports about suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Multivariate regression models adjusted for socio-demographic, college-, and treatment-related variables were used to examine correlates of help-seeking intention and barriers to seeking treatment. RESULTS: Only 24.6% of students reported that they would definitely seek treatment if they had a future emotional problem. The most commonly reported reasons not to seek treatment among students who failed to report that they would definitely seek help were the preference to handle the problem alone (56.4%) and wanting to talk with friends or relatives instead (48.0%). Preference to handle the problem alone and feeling too embarrassed were also associated with significantly reduced odds of having at least some intention to seek help among students who failed to report that they would definitely seek help. Having 12-month major depression, alcohol use disorder, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors were also associated with significantly reduced reported odds of the latter outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of first-year college students in the WMH-ICS surveys report that they would be hesitant to seek help in case of future emotional problems. Attitudinal barriers and not structural barriers were found to be the most important reported reasons for this hesitation. Experimental research is needed to determine whether intention to seek help and, more importantly, actual help-seeking behavior could be increased with the extent to which intervention strategies need to be tailored to particular student characteristics. Given that the preference to handle problems alone and stigma and appear to be critical, there could be value in determining if internet-based psychological treatments, which can be accessed privately and are often build as self-help approaches, would be more acceptable than other types of treatments to student who report hesitation about seeking treatment.status: publishe