Accuracy of periodontitis diagnosis obtained using multiple molecular biomarkers in oral fluids: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Aim To determine the accuracy of biomarker combinations in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva through meta-analysis to diagnose periodontitis in systemically healthy subjects. Methods Studies on combining two or more biomarkers providing a binary classification table, sensitivity/specificity values or group sizes in subjects diagnosed with periodontitis were included. The search was performed in August 2022 through PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane, LILACS, SCOPUS and Web of Science. The methodological quality of the articles selected was evaluated using the QUADAS-2 checklist. Hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic modelling was employed to perform the meta-analyses (CRD42020175021). Results Twenty-one combinations in GCF and 47 in saliva were evaluated. Meta-analyses were possible for six salivary combinations (median sensitivity/specificity values): IL-6 with MMP-8 (86.2%/80.5%); IL-1β with IL-6 (83.0%/83.7%); IL-1β with MMP-8 (82.7%/80.8%); MIP-1α with MMP-8 (71.0%/75.6%); IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP-8 (81.8%/84.3%); and IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-1α and MMP-8 (76.6%/79.7%). Conclusions Two-biomarker combinations in oral fluids show high diagnostic accuracy for periodontitis, which is not substantially improved by incorporating more biomarkers. In saliva, the dual combinations of IL-1β, IL-6 and MMP-8 have an excellent ability to detect periodontitis and a good capacity to detect non-periodontitis. Because of the limited number of biomarker combinations evaluated, further research is required to corroborate these observationsThis study was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the project PI21/00588 and co-funded by the European UnionS

FIR-detected Lyman break galaxies at z ~ 3: Dust attenuation and dust correction factors at high redshift

Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) represent one of the kinds of star-forming galaxies that are found in the high-redshift universe. The detection of LBGs in the FIR domain can provide very important clues on their dust attenuation and total SFR, allowing a more detailed study than those performed so far. In this work we explore the FIR emission of a sample of 16 LBGs at z ~ 3 in the GOODS-North and GOODS-South fields that are individually detected in PACS-100um or PACS-160um. These detections demonstrate the possibility of measuring the dust emission of LBGs at high redshift. We find that PACS-detected LBGs at z ~ 3 are highly obscured galaxies which belong to the Ultra luminous IR galaxies or Hyper luminous IR galaxies class. Their total SFR cannot be recovered with the dust attenuation factors obtained from their UV continuum slope or their SED-derived dust attenuation employing Bruzual & Charlot (2003) templates. Both methods underestimate the results for most of the galaxies. Comparing with a sample of PACS-detected LBGs at z ~ 1 we find evidences that the FIR emission of LBGs might have changed with redshift in the sense that the dustiest LBGs found at z ~ 3 have more prominent FIR emission, are dustier for a given UV slope, and have higher SFR for a given stellar mass than the dustiest LBGs found at z ~ 1.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A letter

Lyman break and ultraviolet-selected galaxies at z ̃ 1-I. Stellar populations from the ALHAMBRA survey

We take advantage of the exceptional photometric coverage provided by the combination of GALEX data in the ultraviolet (UV) and the ALHAMBRA survey in the optical and near-infrared to analyse the physical properties of a sample of 1225 GALEX-selected Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at 0.8 ≲ z ≲ 1.2 that are located in the COSMOS field. This is the largest sample of LBGs studied in this redshift range to date. According to a spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting with synthetic stellar population templates, we find that LBGs at z ̃ 1 are mostly young galaxies with a median age of 341 Myr and have intermediate dust attenuation, (Es(B - V)) ̃ 0.20. Owing to the selection criterion, LBGs at z ̃ 1 are UV-bright galaxies and have a high dust-corrected total star formation rate (SFR), with a median value of 16.9M⊙ yr-1. Their median stellar mass is log (M*/M⊙) = 9.74. We find that the dustcorrected total SFR of LBGs increases with stellar mass and that the specific SFR is lower for more massive galaxies (downsizing scenario). Only 2 per cent of the galaxies selected through the Lyman break criterion have an active galactic nucleus nature. LBGs at z ̃ 1 are located mostly over the blue cloud of the colour-magnitude diagram of galaxies at their redshift, with only the oldest and/or the dustiest deviating towards the green valley and red sequence. Morphologically, 69 per cent of LBGs are disc-like galaxies, with the fractions of interacting, compact, or irregular systems being much lower, below 12 per cent. LBGs have a median effective radius of 2.5 kpc, and larger galaxies have a higher total SFR and stellar mass. Compared with their high-redshift analogues, we find evidence that LBGs at lower redshifts are larger, redder in the UV continuum, and have a major presence of older stellar populations in their SEDs. However, we do not find significant differences in the distributions of stellar mass or dust attenuation.NASA NAS5-26555NASA Office of Space Science NNX09AF08GEuropean Southern Observatory LP175.A-0839.Junta de Andalucia TIC-114, P08-TIC03531Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad AYA2011-29517-C03- 01, AYA2010-1516

Detecting microvariability in type 2 quasars using enhanced F-test

Microvariability (intranight variability) is a low amplitude flux change at short time-scales (i.e. hours). It has been detected in unobscured type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGN) and blazars. However in type 2 AGN, the detection is hampered by the low contrast between the presumably variable nucleus and the host galaxy. In this paper, we present a search for microvariability in a sample of four type 2 quasars as an astrostatistical problem. We are exploring the use of a newly introduced enhanced F-test, proposed by Diego. The presented results show that out of four observed target, we are able to apply this statistical method to three of them. Evidence of microvariations is clear in the case of quasar J0802+2552 in all used filters (g?, r? and i?) during both observing nights, and they are present in one of the nights of observations, J1258+5239 in one filter (i?), while for the J1316+4452, there is evidence for microvariability within our detection levels during one night and two filters (r? and i?). We demonstrate the feasibility of the enhanced F-test to detect microvariability in obscured type 2 quasars. At the end of this paper, we discuss possible causes of microvariability. One of the options is the misclassification of the targets. A likely scenario for explanation of the phenomenon involves optically thin gaps in a clumpy obscuring medium, in accordance with the present view of the circumnuclear medium. There is a possible interesting connection between the merging state of the targets and detection of microvariability

Lyman break and UV-selected galaxies at z ~ 1: II. PACS-100um/160um FIR detections

We report the PACS-100um/160um detections of a sample of 42 GALEX-selected and FIR-detected Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at z ~ 1 located in the COSMOS field and analyze their ultra-violet (UV) to far-infrared (FIR) properties. The detection of these LBGs in the FIR indicates that they have a dust content high enough so that its emission can be directly detected. According to a spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting with stellar population templates to their UV-to-near-IR observed photometry, PACS-detected LBGs tend to be bigger, more massive, dustier, redder in the UV continuum, and UV-brighter than PACS-undetected LBGs. PACS-detected LBGs at z ~ 1 are mostly disk-like galaxies and are located over the green-valley and red sequence of the color-magnitude diagram of galaxies at their redshift. By using their UV and IR emission, we find that PACS-detected LBGs tend to be less dusty and have slightly higher total star-formation rates (SFRs) than other PACS-detected UV-selected galaxies within their same redshift range. As a consequence of the selection effect due to the depth of the FIR observations employed, all our PACS-detected LBGs are LIRGs. However, none of them are in the ULIRG regime, where the FIR observations are complete. The finding of ULIRGs-LBGs at higher redshifts suggests an evolution of the FIR emission of LBGs with cosmic time. In an IRX-$\beta$ diagram, PACS-detected LBGs at z ~ 1 tend to be located around the relation for local starburst similarly to other UV-selected PACS-detected galaxies at their same redshift. Consequently, the dust-correction factors obtained with their UV continuum slope allow to determine their total SFR, unlike at higher redshifts. However, the dust attenuation derived from UV to NIR SED fitting overestimates the total SFR for most of our PACS-detected LBGs in age-dependent way: the overestimation factor is higher in younger galaxies.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRA

Contribució al coneixement micològic de les Illes Balears (Espanya). XXV.

Se citen 83 tàxons de fongs, dels quals un representa nova citació a Europa: Waydora typica (Rodway) Sutton, dues són noves citacions per Espanya: Arthrinium phragmites Crous i Arthrinium rasikravindrae Shiv M. Singh, L.S. Yadav, P.N. Singh, Rah. Sharma & S.K. Singh, i 28 són primeres citacions a les Illes Balears: Harknessia spermatoidea R. Galán, G. Moreno & B. Sutton, Geoglossum subumbratile nom. prov. ss Arauzo & Iglesias, Helicoceras celtidis (Biv.) Linder, Orbilia xanthostigma (Fr.) Fr., Desmazierella acicola Lib., Marcelleina benkertii J. Moravec, Octospora affinis Benkert & L. Krieglsteiner, O. gemmicola Benkert, O. musci-muralis Graddon, Tarzetta gaillardiana (Boud.) Korf & Roberts, Trichophaea woolhopeia (Cooke & W. Phillips) Boud., Helminthosporium microsorum D. Sacc., Leptosphaerulina trifolii (Rostr.) Petr., Lophiostoma viridarium Cooke, Macrodiplodiopsis desmazieri (Mont.) Petr., Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum (Fr.) Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley, Coccomyces dentatus (J.C. Schmidt & Kunze) Sacc., Clavulinopsis helvola (Pers.) Corner, Hebeloma sordescens Vesterh., Infundibulicybe alkaliviolascens Bellù, Lyophyllum amariusculum Clémençon, Resupinatus europaeus Consiglio & Setti, Rimbachia neckerae (Fr.) Redhead, Xerocomus chrysonemus A.E. Hills & A.F.S. Taylor, Phallus hadriani Vent., Dacryobolus karstenii (Bres.) Oberw. ex Parmasto, Stereopsis reidii Losi & A. Gennari i Russula archaeosuberis Sarnari. També 13 tàxons són primeres citacions a Mallorca i 1 a Menorca. S'aporten notes sobre llur taxonomia, ecologia i corologia.Contribution to the knowledge of the funga of the Balearic Islands (Spain). XXV. 83 taxa of fungi found in the Balearic Islands are reported and discussed. After the information available to us, 1 of them seems to be a new record in Europe: Waydora typica (Rodway) Sutton, 2 of them for Spain: Arthrinium phragmites Crous i Arthrinium rasikravindrae Shiv M. Singh, L.S. Yadav, P.N. Singh, Rah. Sharma & S.K. Singh; 28 for the Balearic Islands: Harknessia spermatoidea R. Galán, G. Moreno & B. Sutton, Geoglossum subumbratile nom. prov. ss Arauzo & Iglesias, Helicoceras celtidis (Biv.) Linder, Orbilia xanthostigma (Fr.) Fr., Desmazierella acicola Lib., Marcelleina benkertii J. Moravec, Octospora affinis Benkert & L. Krieglsteiner, O. gemmicola Benkert, O. musci-muralis Graddon, Tarzetta gaillardiana (Boud.) Korf & Roberts, Trichophaea woolhopeia (Cooke & W. Phillips) Boud., Helminthosporium microsorum D. Sacc., Leptosphaerulina trifolii (Rostr.) Petr., Lophiostoma viridarium Cooke, Macrodiplodiopsis desmazieri (Mont.) Petr., Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum (Fr.) Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley, Coccomyces dentatus (J.C. Schmidt & Kunze) Sacc., Clavulinopsis helvola (Pers.) Corner, Hebeloma sordescens Vesterh., Infundibulicybe alkaliviolascens Bellù, Lyophyllum amariusculum Clémençon, Resupinatus europaeus Consiglio & Setti, Rimbachia neckerae (Fr.) Redhead, Xerocomus chrysonemus A.E. Hills & A.F.S. Taylor, Phallus hadriani Vent., Dacryobolus karstenii (Bres.) Oberw. ex Parmasto, Stereopsis reidii Losi & A. Gennari and Russula archaeosuberis Sarnari. Also 13 of them are new records in Mallorca island and 1 in Minorca island. Remarks on their ecology, taxonomy and chorology are also included

Physical properties of Lyman-alpha emitters at z∼0.3z\sim 0.3 from UV-to-FIR measurements

The analysis of the physical properties of low-redshift Ly$\alpha$ emitters (LAEs) can provide clues in the study of their high-redshift analogues. At $z \sim 0.3$, LAEs are bright enough to be detected over almost the entire electromagnetic spectrum and it is possible to carry out a more precise and complete study than at higher redshifts. In this study, we examine the UV and IR emission, dust attenuation, SFR and morphology of a sample of 23 GALEX-discovered star-forming (SF) LAEs at $z \sim 0.3$ with direct UV (GALEX), optical (ACS) and FIR (PACS and MIPS) data. Using the same UV and IR limiting luminosities, we find that LAEs at $z\sim 0.3$ tend to be less dusty, have slightly higher total SFRs, have bluer UV continuum slopes, and are much smaller than other galaxies that do not exhibit Ly$\alpha$ emission in their spectrum (non-LAEs). These results suggest that at $z \sim 0.3$ Ly$\alpha$ photons tend to escape from small galaxies with low dust attenuation. Regarding their morphology, LAEs belong to Irr/merger classes, unlike non-LAEs. Size and morphology represent the most noticeable difference between LAEs and non-LAEs at $z \sim 0.3$. Furthermore, the comparison of our results with those obtained at higher redshifts indicates that either the Ly$\alpha$ technique picks up different kind of galaxies at different redshifts or that the physical properties of LAEs are evolving with redshift.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap

How many kids are there with excess weight? What information should be published?

Fundamentos: En los estudios epidemiológicos, nohay consenso sobre cuáles son las referencias que se deben emplear para caracterizar el estado ponderal de los escolares después de estimar su índice de masa corporal. El objetivo de este trabajo fue valorar como influyen diferentes criterios en la caracterización del estado ponderal de escolares gallegos de 6 a 15 años e identificar el criterio que mejor caracteriza la obesidad central. Métodos: Estudio transversal en una muestra de7.438 escolares de 6 a 15 años representativa por sexo y edad. Se estimó la prevalencia de obesidad central y debajo peso, normopeso, sobrepeso y obesidad utilizandolos criterios de referencia de la Organización Mundialde la Salud (OMS), Cole, Orbegozo-2011 y del estudio Enkid. Para identificar el criterio que mejor caracterizala obesidad central se calcularon valores predictivos positivos de obesidad y negativos de sobrepeso y obesidad. Resultados: La caracterización de los escolares en función de su estado ponderal varió en función de la referencia empleada con estimaciones que oscilaban en 20,4 puntos porcentuales cuando se comparaba el exceso de peso según criterios de la OMS, 41,5%, y Enkid, 21,1%.El criterio que presentó mejor capacidad predictiva de obesidad central fue el propuesto por Cole. Conclusiones: La variabilidad que se observa en la caracterización del estado ponderal de los escolares aso-ciada al uso de distintos criterios de referencia es muy importante. Si se considera a la obesidad central como indicador de exceso de peso, la referencia de Cole es la que mejor caracteriza a los escolares, ya que es la que tiene mejor capacidad predictivaBackground: In epidemiological studies, there is no consensus on which references should be used to characterize the weight status of schoolchildren after estimating their body mass index. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence that different criteria have on the charac-terization of the weight status of Galician schoolchildrenfrom 6 to 15 years old and to identify the criterion thatbest characterizes central obesity. Methods: Cross-sectional study on a sample of 7.438 school children representative by sex and age of the Galician population of 6 to 15 year olds. The prevalence of central obesity and underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity was estimated using the reference standards of the World Health Organization (WHO), Cole, Orbegozo-2011 and the Enkid study. In order to identify the criterion that best characterizes central obesity, the positive predictive values of obesity and the negative ones of overweight and obesity were calculated. Results: The characterization of school children according to their weight status was different depending on the reference used with estimates that vary by 20.4 percentage points being prevalence of excess weight using WHO references 41.5% while with Enkid it is 21.1%.The reference with the best predictive capacity of central obesity was those proposed by Cole. Conclusions: The variability observed in the characterization of the weight status of school children associated with the use of different reference criteria is very important. If central obesity is a good indicator of excess of weight, the reference proposed by Cole would be the one with the best capacity to characterize the child and youth population, related to the best predictive capacityS