Human Dimensions of Marine Fisheries: Using GIS to Illustrate Land-Sea Connections in the Northeast U.S. Herring, Clupea harengus, Fishery

Geographic Information Systems can help improve ocean literacy and inform our understanding of the human dimensions of marine resource use. This paper describes a pilot project where GIS is used to illustrate the connections between fish stocks and the social, cultural, and economic components of the fishery on land. This method of presenting and merging qualitative and quantitative data represents a new approach to assist fishery managers, participants, policy-makers, and other stakeholders in visualizing an often confusing and poorly understood web of interactions. The Atlantic herring fishery serves as a case study and maps from this pilot project are presented and methods reviewed

European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) skin and scale transcriptomes

Fish skin and their appendages, the mineralized scales, are important organs for protection and homeostasis, but little is known about their specific transcript or protein repertoire. This study used RNA-seq to generate transcriptome data for skin and scales in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), an important species for fisheries and aquaculture. RNA was extracted from the pectoral skin and from scales collected above the midline of immature one-year old sea bass. More than 20 x 10(6) reads were obtained for each tissue, using RNA-seq Illumina technology. De novo assembly resulted in 31,842 transcripts (of 500 base pairs or greater) for skin and 20,423 transcripts for scale. This dataset provides a useful resource for both aquaculture and fish conservation studies and for research into the physiology and molecular biology of fish skin and scales. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Foundation for Science and Technology of Portugal (FCT) [PTDC/AAG-GLO/4003/2012, CCMAR/Multi/04326/2013, SFRH/BPD/84033/2012

Corporate project management framework: a higher education approach

Project management is a growing area, proven to be successful in several industries. This success, led by the implementation of project management practices in a combined framework has been studied along time. However, despite the increase of its acceptance as a profession and the several research done on the topic, many industries still lack project management practices. This is the case of Universities, where risk management, quality management, leadership characteristics and stakeholder management are examples of critical knowledge areas found as essential to be integrated. This work consisted in responding to the need of integrating the mentioned practices, by developing a framework using as a basis the Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge. After the analysis of the several research done on the topic, the result consists in a framework that presents guidelines by the different process groups as well as the outputs for each step. A more complete description on the steps to be taken and an output is provided for the essential activities, namely the stakeholder register, project charter, risk management plan and performing a change request, as well as a schedule plan and cost plan document. This serves as a basis for any project managed and can be adapted to each University so that it can be implemented in the future

Oestrogen, an evolutionary conserved regulator of T cell differentiation and immune tolerance in jawed vertebrates?

In teleosts, as in mammals, the immune system is tightly regulated by sexual steroid hormones, such as oestrogens. We investigated the effects of 17β-oestradiol on the expression of several genes related to T cell development and resulting T cell subpopulations in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, for a primary lymphoid organ, the thymus, and two secondary lymphoid organs, the head-kidney and the spleen. In parallel, the oxidative burst capacity was assessed in leucocytes of the secondary lymphoid organs. Apoptosis- and proliferation-related genes, indicative of B and T cell clonal selection and lymphoid progenitor activity, were not affected by elevated oestrogen-levels. Sex-related oestrogen-responsiveness in T cell and antigen-presenting cell markers was observed, the expression of which was differentially induced by oestrogen-exposure in the three lymphoid organs. Remarkably, in the spleen, oestrogen increased regulatory T cell-related gene expression was associated with a decrease in oxidative burst capacity. To the best of our knowledge, this study indicates for the first time that physiological levels of oestrogen are likely to promote immune tolerance by modulating thymic function (i.e., T cell development and output) and peripheral T cells in teleosts, similar to previously reported oestrogenic effects in mammals.CCMAR/Multi/04326/2013; ANRfinanced project ETaT(ANR-15-CE32-0014); FR CNRS 3730 SCALE scholarshipinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Duplicated membrane estrogen receptors in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): Phylogeny, expression and regulation throughout the reproductive cycle

The numerous estrogen functions reported across vertebrates have been classically explained by their binding to specific transcription factors, the nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs). Rapid non-genomic estrogenic responses have also been recently identified in vertebrates including fish, which can be mediated by membrane receptors such as the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (Gper). In this study, two genes for Gper, namely gpera and gperb, were identified in the genome of a teleost fish, the European sea bass. Phylogenetic analysis indicated they were most likely retained after the 3R teleost-specific whole genome duplication and raises questions about their function in male and female sea bass. Gpera expression was mainly restricted to brain and pituitary in both sexes while gperb had a widespread tissue distribution with higher expression levels in gill filaments, kidney and head kidney. Both receptors were detected in the hypothalamus and pituitary of both sexes and significant changes in gpers expression were observed throughout the annual reproductive season. In female pituitaries, gpera showed an overall increase in expression throughout the reproductive season while gperb levels remained constant. In the hypothalamus, gpera had a higher expression during vitellogenesis and decreased in fish entering the ovary maturation and ovulation stage, while gperb expression increased at the final atresia stage. In males, gpers expression was constant in the hypothalamus and pituitary throughout the reproductive cycle apart from the mid- to late testicular development stage transition when a significant up-regulation of gpera occurred in the pituitary. The differential sex, seasonal and subtype-specific expression patterns detected for the two novel gper genes in sea bass suggests they may have acquired different and/or complementary roles in mediating estrogens actions in fish, namely on the neuroendocrine control of reproduction.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Utility of ERCP in the Diagnosis and Management of Biliary Complications of Hepatic Hydatid Disease

To report the experience with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the pre- and postoperative management of complicated liver hydatidosis. Case series retrospective of 14 patients who underwent ERCP in the Department of Surgery and Endoscopy Regional Hospital of Coyhaique, from January 2005 to December 2014. In this report, patients are separated into two groups: those in whom ERCP was used as diagnosis and those in which it was used for handling the external biliary fistula. Five patients consulting for jaundice and pain were subjected to ERCP in the preoperative period. Hydatid membranes were found and extracted in all. A sphincterotomy was performed in all, and an endoprosthesis was placed in one. Four patients were operated posteriorly, and only one did not require surgery. On nine patients with an external biliary fistula draining more than 200 ml/day, a postoperative ERCP was carried out. The surgical procedure was a partial cystectomy, and in four it was laparoscopic. The ERCP was carried out in the 20th postoperative day, performing a sphincterotomy and placing an endoprosthesis in all. Fistulae are closed at 28 days. Patients were followed up for 6 years and none died

IDENTIFICACIÒN DE LOS ESLABONES CRITICOS DE MORTALIDAD MATERNA Y DONDE SE ROMPEN, EN PACIENTES DEL HOSPITAL GENERAL “DR. GUSTAVO BAZ PRADA”, DE 2008 A 2011.

La mortalidad materna es una tragedia social, la cual inicia con una cadena de eventos de orden multifactorial, que comprende: a) la educación en salud, b) el control prenatal, c)el desempeño medico durante el evento obstétrico y d) la infraestructura hospitalaria, llamados eslabones críticos