Zoneamento Agroecológico do município de Bonito/MS.

A Embrapa Solos em parceria com a Secretaria de Estado de Desenvolvimento Agrário, da Produção, da Indústria, do Comércio e do Turismo - SEPROTUR realizou o Zoneamento Agroecológico do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul ? Fase I - com objetivo de contribuir na indicação de áreas passíveis de exploração agrícola sustentável. No desenvolvimento desse trabalho foram considerados aspectos legais, restrições ambientais, potencial das culturas, aspectos do clima, de geomorfologia e dos solos. Esses parâmetros estão integrados em ambiente de sistema de informação geográfica com apoio de algebra de mapas, no intuito de avaliar a adequabilidade de uso das terras e apresentar uma proposição de planejamento de uso e ocupação das terras. Os resultados desse trabalho foram consolidados por município e dão origem a esse boletim de pesquisa. As terras indicadas para o uso com lavouras somam cerca de 280.000 ha, correspondendo a aproximadamente 66,5% da área total do município, enquanto que as recomendadas equivalentem a 22,7% e as áreas recomendadas para pastagem especial ou cultivo de arroz correspondem a aproximadamente 8% da área do município que corresponde a algo como 40.000 hectares. Nestas unidades é fundamental avaliar-se criteriosamente a utilização de pastagens nestas terras quando essas ainda se encontram sob cobertura vegetal, visto que, praticamente 50% destas terras ainda permanecem com vegetação natural em seus diversos graus de conservação. As terras recomendadas para conservação dos recursos naturais e/ou recuperação ambiental somam quase 30.000 ha, as quais constituem áreas de alta fragilidade ambiental e/ou apresentam restrições legais de uso como áreas de preservação permanente.bitstream/item/103010/1/BPD-145-Bonito-MS.pd

Zoneamento Agroecológico do município de Guia Lopes da Laguna - MS.

bitstream/item/25441/1/bpd146-2009-guia-lopes-ms.pd

Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies of New Thiadiazole Derivatives as Potent P2X7 Receptor Inhibitors

Twenty new 2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole analogs were synthetized to develop P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) inhibitors. P2X7R inhibition in vitro was evaluated in mouse peritoneal macrophages, HEK-293 cells transfected with hP2X7R (dye uptake assay), and THP-1 cells (IL-1β release assay). The 1-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine derivatives 9b, 9c, and 9f, and 2-(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole (11c) showed inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 16 to 122 nM for reduced P2X7R-mediated dye uptake and 20 to 300 nM for IL-1β release. In addition, the in vitro ADMET profile of the four most potent derivatives was determined to be in acceptable ranges concerning metabolic stability and cytotoxicity. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies of the molecular complexes human P2X7R/9f and murine P2X7R/9f indicated the putative intermolecular interactions. Compound 9f showed affinity mainly for the Arg268, Lys377, and Asn266 residues. These results suggest that 2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole analogs may be promising novel P2X7R inhibitors with therapeutic potential

Zoneamento agroecológico do Município de Nioaque, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul.

O desenvolvimento sustentável do Município de Nioaque, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, está condicionado ao planejamento de uso dos seus recursos naturais, dentro de uma consciência ambiental, social e econômica. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo principal fornecer subsídios técnico-científicos para a utilização sustentável das terras deste município, e que possibilitem o aumento da renda dos produtores rurais, consequentemente, melhoria da qualidade de vida das populações. O zoneamento agroecológico do referido município compreendeu um processo de estratificação ambiental da área, e teve como base o conceito da unidade de paisagem, definida como uma entidade espacial na qual a geologia, a geomorfologia, o clima, a vegetação natural e o solo formam um conjunto homogêneo na paisagem. As informações sobre os solos, relevo e a vegetação foram obtidas através dos levantamentos temáticos da área, na escala 1:100.000; as informações geológicas foram baseadas em levantamentos geológicos realizados pelo Projeto Radambrasil, complementados por estudos locais e as informações climáticas obtidas de estações meteorológicas localizadas no estado. Tendo como base a legislação ambiental foram identificadas as porções territoriais que apresentam impedimentos legais de uso. A estratificação do ambiente em unidades de paisagem permitiu a identificação de zonas agroecológicas, onde é possível o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais (zonas recomendadas para usos intensivos, zonas recomendadas para usos semi-intensivos e zonas recomendadas para pastagens), zonas recomendadas para conservação ambiental e zonas indicadas para recuperação ambiental. Foram identificadas no município de Nioaque 24 zonas agroecológicas, sendo 7 zonas recomendadas para usos intensivos que somam 60.742,24 ha, que equivalem a 15,48% da área total; 6 zonas recomendadas para usos semi-intensivos, que somam 33.662,88 ha (8,58% da área do município); 7 zonas recomendadas para utilização com pastagens, que perfazem 254.334,72 ha (64,82% da área total do município); 2 zonas indicadas para conservação dos recursos naturais que somam 24.363,20 ha (6,21%); e 2 zonas indicadas para recuperação ambiental que perfazem 19.283,04 ha, o equivalente a 4,91% do município. A área do município é altamente antropizada, apresentando níveis variados de degradação, que exigem ações de correção quanto à recuperação da mata ciliar e bordas de chapada e a elaboração de um plano participativo de uso sustentado de seus recursos naturais.bitstream/item/66293/1/bpd-130-zoneamento-nioaque-1.pdf; bitstream/item/87155/1/Mapa-ZAE-UVA.pdf; bitstream/item/87156/1/Mapa-ZAE-Soja.pdf; bitstream/item/87158/1/Mapa-ZAE-MILHO-SAF.pdf; bitstream/item/87160/1/Mapa-ZAE-Milho.pdf; bitstream/item/87161/1/Mapa-ZAE-MARACUJA.pdf; bitstream/item/87162/1/Mapa-ZAE-MANGA.pdf; bitstream/item/87163/1/Mapa-ZAE-MAMAO.pdf; bitstream/item/87164/1/Mapa-ZAE-GOIABA.pdf; bitstream/item/87165/1/Mapa-ZAE-CITRUS.pdf; bitstream/item/87166/1/Mapa-ZAE-BANANA.pdf; bitstream/item/87167/1/Mapa-ZAE-ARROZ.pdf; bitstream/item/87168/1/Mapa-ZAE-ABACAXI.pdf; bitstream/item/87169/1/Mapa-ZAE.pdfAcompanha mapa color. Escala 1:100.000

The genomes of two key bumblebee species with primitive eusocial organization

Background: The shift from solitary to social behavior is one of the major evolutionary transitions. Primitively eusocial bumblebees are uniquely placed to illuminate the evolution of highly eusocial insect societies. Bumblebees are also invaluable natural and agricultural pollinators, and there is widespread concern over recent population declines in some species. High-quality genomic data will inform key aspects of bumblebee biology, including susceptibility to implicated population viability threats. Results: We report the high quality draft genome sequences of Bombus terrestris and Bombus impatiens, two ecologically dominant bumblebees and widely utilized study species. Comparing these new genomes to those of the highly eusocial honeybee Apis mellifera and other Hymenoptera, we identify deeply conserved similarities, as well as novelties key to the biology of these organisms. Some honeybee genome features thought to underpin advanced eusociality are also present in bumblebees, indicating an earlier evolution in the bee lineage. Xenobiotic detoxification and immune genes are similarly depauperate in bumblebees and honeybees, and multiple categories of genes linked to social organization, including development and behavior, show high conservation. Key differences identified include a bias in bumblebee chemoreception towards gustation from olfaction, and striking differences in microRNAs, potentially responsible for gene regulation underlying social and other traits. Conclusions: These two bumblebee genomes provide a foundation for post-genomic research on these key pollinators and insect societies. Overall, gene repertoires suggest that the route to advanced eusociality in bees was mediated by many small changes in many genes and processes, and not by notable expansion or depauperation

Distinct patterns of somatic alterations in a lymphoblastoid and a tumor genome derived from the same individual

Although patterns of somatic alterations have been reported for tumor genomes, little is known on how they compare with alterations present in non-tumor genomes. A comparison of the two would be crucial to better characterize the genetic alterations driving tumorigenesis. We sequenced the genomes of a lymphoblastoid (HCC1954BL) and a breast tumor (HCC1954) cell line derived from the same patient and compared the somatic alterations present in both. The lymphoblastoid genome presents a comparable number and similar spectrum of nucleotide substitutions to that found in the tumor genome. However, a significant difference in the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions was observed between both genomes (P = 0.031). Protein–protein interaction analysis revealed that mutations in the tumor genome preferentially affect hub-genes (P = 0.0017) and are co-selected to present synergistic functions (P < 0.0001). KEGG analysis showed that in the tumor genome most mutated genes were organized into signaling pathways related to tumorigenesis. No such organization or synergy was observed in the lymphoblastoid genome. Our results indicate that endogenous mutagens and replication errors can generate the overall number of mutations required to drive tumorigenesis and that it is the combination rather than the frequency of mutations that is crucial to complete tumorigenic transformation

Distinct patterns of somatic alterations in a lymphoblastoid and a tumor genome derived from the same individual

Although patterns of somatic alterations have been reported for tumor genomes, little is known on how they compare with alterations present in non-tumor genomes. A comparison of the two would be crucial to better characterize the genetic alterations driving tumorigenesis. We sequenced the genomes of a lymphoblastoid (HCC1954BL) and a breast tumor (HCC1954) cell line derived from the same patient and compared the somatic alterations present in both. The lymphoblastoid genome presents a comparable number and similar spectrum of nucleotide substitutions to that found in the tumor genome. However, a significant difference in the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions was observed between both genomes (P = 0.031). Protein–protein interaction analysis revealed that mutations in the tumor genome preferentially affect hub-genes (P = 0.0017) and are co-selected to present synergistic functions (P < 0.0001). KEGG analysis showed that in the tumor genome most mutated genes were organized into signaling pathways related to tumorigenesis. No such organization or synergy was observed in the lymphoblastoid genome. Our results indicate that endogenous mutagens and replication errors can generate the overall number of mutations required to drive tumorigenesis and that it is the combination rather than the frequency of mutations that is crucial to complete tumorigenic transformation

Searching for molecular markers in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) by statistical and bioinformatic analysis of larynx-derived SAGE libraries

Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignancies in humans. The average 5-year survival rate is one of the lowest among aggressive cancers, showing no significant improvement in recent years. When detected early, HNSCC has a good prognosis, but most patients present metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, which significantly reduces survival rate. Despite extensive research, no molecular markers are currently available for diagnostic or prognostic purposes. Methods: Aiming to identify differentially-expressed genes involved in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) development and progression, we generated individual Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) libraries from a metastatic and non-metastatic larynx carcinoma, as well as from a normal larynx mucosa sample. Approximately 54,000 unique tags were sequenced in three libraries. Results: Statistical data analysis identified a subset of 1,216 differentially expressed tags between tumor and normal libraries, and 894 differentially expressed tags between metastatic and non-metastatic carcinomas. Three genes displaying differential regulation, one down-regulated (KRT31) and two up-regulated (BST2, MFAP2), as well as one with a non-significant differential expression pattern (GNA15) in our SAGE data were selected for real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a set of HNSCC samples. Consistent with our statistical analysis, quantitative PCR confirmed the upregulation of BST2 and MFAP2 and the downregulation of KRT31 when samples of HNSCC were compared to tumor-free surgical margins. As expected, GNA15 presented a non-significant differential expression pattern when tumor samples were compared to normal tissues. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting SAGE data in head and neck squamous cell tumors. Statistical analysis was effective in identifying differentially expressed genes reportedly involved in cancer development. The differential expression of a subset of genes was confirmed in additional larynx carcinoma samples and in carcinomas from a distinct head and neck subsite. This result suggests the existence of potential common biomarkers for prognosis and targeted-therapy development in this heterogeneous type of tumor.Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo/FAPESP [05/51467-0]; [04/12054-9]; [07/50894-7]Ludwig Institute for Cancer ResearchConselho Nacional de Pesquisas/CNPqCoordenacao de Aperfeicoamento do Pessoal do Ensino Superior/CAPE