The Mass of KOI-94d and a Relation for Planet Radius, Mass, and Incident Flux

We measure the mass of a modestly irradiated giant planet, KOI-94d. We wish to determine whether this planet, which is in a 22 day orbit and receives 2700 times as much incident flux as Jupiter, is as dense as Jupiter or rarefied like inflated hot Jupiters. KOI-94 also hosts at least three smaller transiting planets, all of which were detected by the Kepler mission. With 26 radial velocities of KOI-94 from the W. M. Keck Observatory and a simultaneous fit to the Kepler light curve, we measure the mass of the giant planet and determine that it is not inflated. Support for the planetary interpretation of the other three candidates comes from gravitational interactions through transit timing variations, the statistical robustness of multi-planet systems against false positives, and several lines of evidence that no other star resides within the photometric aperture. We report the properties of KOI-94b (M_P = 10.5 ± 4.6 M_⊕, R_P = 1.71 ± 0.16 R_⊕, P = 3.74 days), KOI-94c (M_P = 15.6^(+5.7)_(-15.6) M_⊕, R_P = 4.32 ± 0.41 R_⊕, P = 10.4 days), KOI-94d (M_P = 106 ± 11 M_⊕, R_P = 11.27 ± 1.06 R_⊕, P = 22.3 days), and KOI-94e (M_P = 35^(+18)_(-28) M_⊕, R_P = 6.56 ± 0.62 R_⊕, P = 54.3 days). The radial velocity analyses of KOI-94b and KOI-94e offer marginal (>2σ) mass detections, whereas the observations of KOI-94c offer only an upper limit to its mass. Using the KOI-94 system and other planets with published values for both mass and radius (138 exoplanets total, including 35 with M_P 150 M_⊕. These equations can be used to predict the radius or mass of a planet

Myeloid p38α signaling promotes intestinal IGF‐1 production and inflammation‐associated tumorigenesis

Abstract The protein kinase p38α plays a key role in cell homeostasis, and p38α signaling in intestinal epithelial cells protects against colitis‐induced tumorigenesis. However, little is known on the contribution of p38α signaling in intestinal stromal cells. Here, we show that myeloid cell‐specific downregulation of p38α protects mice against inflammation‐associated colon tumorigenesis. The reduced tumorigenesis correlates with impaired detection in the colon of crucial chemokines for immune cell recruitment. We identify insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) as a novel mediator of the p38α pathway in macrophages. Moreover, using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we confirm the implication of IGF‐1 produced by myeloid cells in colon inflammation and tumorigenesis. We also show a correlation between IGF‐1 pathway activation and the infiltration of myeloid cells with active p38α in colon samples from patients with ulcerative colitis or colon cancer. Altogether, our results uncover an important role for myeloid IGF‐1 downstream of p38α in colitis‐associated tumorigenesis and suggest the interest in evaluating IGF‐1 therapies for inflammation‐associated intestinal diseases, taking into consideration IGF‐1 signaling and immune cell infiltration in patient biopsies

Detection by a simple and cheaper methodology of Ik6 and Ik10 isoforms of the IKZF1 gene is highly associated with a poor prognosis in B-lineage paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

sem informação1873e58e61CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP471885/2013-405/02279-

Brain reactivity to alcohol and cannabis marketing during sobriety and intoxication

Drugs of abuse stimulate striatal dopamine release and activate reward pathways. This study examined the impact of alcohol and cannabis marketing on the reward circuit in alcohol and cannabis users while sober and intoxicated. It was predicted that alcohol and cannabis marketing would increase striatal activation when sober and that reward sensitivity would be less during alcohol and cannabis intoxication. Heavy alcohol (n = 20) and regular cannabis users (n = 21) participated in a mixed factorial study involving administration of alcohol and placebo in the alcohol group and cannabis and placebo in the cannabis group. Non-drug users (n = 20) served as between group reference. Brain activation after exposure to alcohol and cannabis marketing movies was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging and compared between groups while sober and compared with placebo while intoxicated. Implicit alcohol and cannabis cognitions were assessed by means of a single-category implicit association test. Alcohol and cannabis marketing significantly increased striatal BOLD activation across all groups while sober. Striatal activation however decreased during intoxication with alcohol and cannabis. Implicit associations with cannabis marketing cues were significantly more positive in alcohol and cannabis users as compared with non-drug using controls. Public advertising of alcohol or cannabis use elicits striatal activation in the brain's reward circuit. Reduction of marketing would reduce brain exposure to reward cues that motivate substance use. Conversely, elevated dopamine levels protect against the reinforcing potential of marketing

Spatiotemporal movements of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus truncatus) in Northeast Florida, USA

Common bottlenose dolpliins (Tursiops inmca-tus truncatus) (hereafter referred to as dolpliins ) are distributed along the east coast of Florida in a longitudinal continuum within inland waterways and federally managed via assignment into stocks. Seven regional studies have identified local estuaiine populations with resident and seasonally transient dolpliins. However, study area boundaries limit understanding of distribution and movement patterns between these geographically separated regions. To reveal the bigger picture of spatiotemporal movements, a multi-organizational consortium conducted semiannual photo-identification surveys from the Florida-Georgia border to Titusville, Florida (331 km). The study area incorporated dolpliins occurring in the Jacksonville Estuaiine System (JES) stock in the north, the Mosquito Lagoon within the Indian River Lagoon Estuaiine System (IRLES-ML) stock in the south, and the connecting 156-km inland waterway currently managed under the Western North Atlantic Northern Florida and Central Florida coastal stocks. The area was divided into segments, and simultaneous surveys were conducted from 2011 to 2016 during two primary sampling seasons within each year: five summers and five winters (primary period), with two to three surveys (secondary sessions) within each primary period separated by one-week intervals to allow mixing of the population. A total of 6,896 dolpliins. including 196 neonates, were observed, and 649 individuals were identified. Spatial autocorrelation analyses of 222 marked dolphins sighted in \u3e 5 primary surveys revealed that 78fc exhibited significant regional and seasonal fidelity to one or more segments, which no single study could elucidate. Additionally, JES-North dolphins demonstrated strong regional site fidelity and were consistently sighted during both seasons, similar to studies in the 1990s, and continued to be partitioned from dolphins to the south. JES-Soutli and IRLES-ML dolphin home ranges extended beyond previously known boundaries. Based on spatiotem-poral movement patterns between the segments, recommendations are made to revise boundaries of the JES and IRLES stocks

PRMT4 Blocks Myeloid Differentiation by Assembling a Methyl-RUNX1-Dependent Repressor Complex

Defining the role of epigenetic regulators in hematopoiesis has become critically important, because recurrent mutations or aberrant expression of these genes has been identified in both myeloid and lymphoid hematological malignancies. We found that PRMT4, a type I arginine methyltransferase whose function in normal and malignant hematopoiesis is unknown, is overexpressed in acute myelogenous leukemia patient samples. Overexpression of PRMT4 blocks the myeloid differentiation of human stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), whereas its knockdown is sufficient to induce myeloid differentiation of HSPCs. We demonstrated that PRMT4 represses the expression of miR-223 in HSPCs via the methylation of RUNX1, which triggers the assembly of a multiprotein repressor complex that includes DPF2. As part of the feedback loop, PRMT4 expression is repressed posttranscriptionally by miR-223. Depletion of PRMT4 results in differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and their decreased proliferation in vivo. Thus, targeting PRMT4 holds potential as a novel therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia