Growth, Fiscal Policy and the Informal Sector in a Small Open Economy

We discuss the implications of informality on growth and fiscal policy by considering an informal sector based on low tech firms, in an open economy model of endogenous growth, where labour supply is elastic and increasing returns arise from public spending. We allow for both labour and capital to allocate between sectors and examine the dynamic and policy issues that arise in an economy, where long run outcomes are still dominated by formal activities, but long macroeconomic transitions arise as a result of informal microeconomic activities, which take advantage of both government taxation and limited fiscalization.Endogenous Growth Theory; Optimal Fiscal Policy; Informal Sector; Public Capital

Self-Enforcing Climate Change Treaties: A Generalized Differential Game Approach with Applications

Based on recent proposals on non cooperative dynamic games for analysing climate negotiation outcomes, such as Dutta and Radner (2004, 2006a), we generalize a specific framework for modelling differential games of this type and describe the set of conditions for the existence of closed loop dynamics and its relation to adaptive evolutionary dynamics. We then show that the Dutta and Radner (2004, 2006a) discrete time dynamic setup is a specific case of that generalization and describe the dynamics both analytically and numerically for closed loop feedback and perfect state patterns. Our discussion is completed with the introduction of a cooperative differential framework for welfare analysis purposes, within our non cooperative proposal for climate negotiations.Differential Game Theory, Environmental Economics, Evolutionary Dynamics, Climate Change Treaties

Growth, Fiscal Policy and the Informal Sector in a Small Open Economy

We discuss the implications of informality on growth and fiscal policy by considering an informal sector based on low tech firms, in an open economy model of endogenous growth, where labour supply is elastic and increasing returns arise from public spending. We allow for both labour and capital to allocate between sectors and examine the dynamic and policy issues that arise in an economy, where long run outcomes are still dominated by formal activities, but long macroeconomic transitions arise as a result of informal microeconomic activities, which take advantage of both government taxation and limited fiscalization.Endogenous Growth Theory; Optimal Fiscal Policy; Informal Sector; Public Capital.

Draft of a model of tourism recovery for border region Douro/Duero

[Resumo] Dentro da grande diversidade de programas de desenvolvimento regional, promovidos pela União Europeia, estão contemplados os projetos de cooperação e de ordenamento do território de carácter transnacional. Tal como a generalidade da política europeia de base regional, pretendem combater as desigualdades nos padrões de qualidade de vida entre as áreas mais desenvolvidas da Comunidade e aquelas que se situam em territórios social ou economicamente mais débeis.A região fronteiriça definida pelo rio Douro, no seu troço internacional (português e castelhano-leonês) acumula uma série dessas particularidades. Propomo- nos nesta comunicação abordar, numa perspetiva eminentemente geográfica, quais os elementos de carácter material e imaterial a considerar num processo de valorização turística, assente na cooperação entre Portugal e Espanha[Abstract] Within the great diversity of regional development programs promoted by the European Union are the cooperation projects and the transnational planning. As the majority of European regional politics, they intendto tackleinequalitiesin standards of living between the more developed areas of the Community and those situated in weaker areas,socially and economically. The border region defined by the River Douro in its international section (Portuguese and Castilian-Leonese) accumulates a number of these peculiarities.We propose to address in this communication, an eminently geographical perspective, what elements of material and immaterial nature have to be considered in at tourist valorization process, based on cooperation between Portugal and Spain.[Resumen] Dentro de la gran diversidad de programas de desarrollo regional promovidos por la Unión Europea se incluyen los proyectos de cooperación y de ordenación del territorio de carácter transnacional. Estos, como la mayor parte de las políticas europeas de base regional, pretenden hacer frente a las desigualdades en los estándares de calidad de vida entre las áreas más desarrolladas de la Comunidad y aquellas que se sitúan en territorios social o económicamente deprimidos. La región fronteriza definida por el río Duero acumula en su tramo internacional (portugués y castellano-leonés) una serie de esas peculiaridades. En esta comunicación nos proponemos abordar, desde una perspectiva eminentemente geográfica, cuáles son los elementos de carácter material e inmaterial que deben considerarse en un proceso de revalorización turística basado en la cooperación entre Portugal y España

Focusing on investment facilitation - is it that difficult?

Based largely on the authors’ respective personal experiences with the negotiations of the Brazilian Cooperation and Facilitation Investment Agreement, this Perspective elaborates on the concept of investment facilitation under a WTO point of view

Studies on open-channel cross-section shapes and their hydraulic exponents. 2. Round-cornered trapezoid

Neste segundo estudo sobre formas de secção transversal de canais abertos e respectivos expoentes hidráulicos considera-se a secção trapezoidal de cantos arredondados, bem como os seus casos particulares: secções triangular de vértice arredondado e rectangular de cantos arredondadosinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Backwater curves and volumes in uniform rectangular channels

Mostra-se como, mediante uma exposição coerente e unificada, se podem deduzir as fórmulas — estabelecidas inicialmente pelo autor em 1963 e 1964 — que, na hipótese da constância do coeficiente de Chézy, permitem determinar, de modo teoricamente exacto, as curvas e os volumes de regolfo em canais uniformes de secção rectangular, de qualquer largura, e com rasante descendente, ascendente ou horizontal. Para os leitos inclinados, descrevem-se e indica-se onde se encontram tábuas numéricas pormenorizadas, que muito simplificam os cálculos, tornando prático o uso das fórmulas respectivas. Dão-se exemplos numéricos de aplicaçãoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

On the monex solutions of backwater problems for uniform open channels

Paper written in partial fulfilment of the duties inherent to a sabbatical leave begun 16 September 1979 and ending 31 July 1980Começa-se por recordar o estabelecimento da forma mais geral até agora conhecida da equação de Bemoulli para o tratamento unidimensional das correntes líquidas permanentes, a maneira como dela se deduz a correspondente equação diferencial das curvas de regolfo em canais abertos uniformes e ainda o conceito de valores críticos do escoamento. Estabelecem-se em seguida fórmulas que, de um modo geral, permitem calcular curvas e volumes de regolfo nesses canais. Introduzido o conceito de solução monex dum problema de regolfo, mostra-se que fornecem soluções monex as secções transversais rectangular e parabólica larguíssimas, bem como a triangular. Examinada depois a questão da influência da fórmula de movimento uniforme escolhida, indica-se como pode ser unificada a formulação dos problemas de regolfo, seja para canais inclinados, seja para canais horizontais, propondo-se para estes a adopção de um função à qual se atribui o nome de Gagliardi. Após uma notícia sobre as tábuas das funções de Dupuit e de Gagliardi de interesse para a obtenção de soluções monex usando a fórmula de Chézy, a de Manning e a de Forchheimer, dão-se alguns exemplos numéricos de aplicaçãoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The interaction between EU Law and lex sportiva : trends of evolution

Lex Sportiva is an autonomous de-territorialised legal system, derived from the specific nature of sport. Nevertheless, it is subject to interactions with other legal systems, including the EU Law. As these two legal systems are essentially transnational, their interaction has a great impact on sport. During the last fifty years, this interaction has developed significantly, due to continuous case law, soft law and hard law produced by EU institutions about sport-related matters. Therefore, the historical evolution of that interaction is assessed, highlighting its three stages and the key cases and norms that marked each of them. Subsequently, current issues of the tension between Lex Sportiva and EU Law are assessed, based on very recent cases. Following this, it will be possible to identify the trends of evolution on the interaction between the two legal systems