Participation in leisure activities as an indicator of inclusion: a comparison between children with and without disabilities in Portugal

Participation is recognised as an important indicator of school inclusion and educational success of children with and without disabilities and one of the fundamental human rights. In particular, the participation in leisure activities plays a vital role in children’s life and needs to be given a higher attention. The aim of the present exploratory study was to reflect on the inclusion of children with disabilities in Portuguese schools, by portraying and comparing their participation profiles in leisure activities to those of typically developing peers. The participation patterns in leisure activities of 61 children with disabilities and 114 children without disabilities were assessed. Results indicate that the pattern of participation of children with and without disabilities differs whether they are school or community-based activities. Regarding school-based activities, findings reveal that children with disabilities participate more frequently in these activities, but in solitary and constrained spaces at school compared to children without disabilities. For community contexts, our findings indicate that children with disabilities participate in less diverse activities than children without disabilities. In addition, the range of activities is correlated to their level of independence. This exploratory study contributes to an understanding of the pattern of participation of children with and without disabilitiesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Archaeology of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in Portugal: synthesis and prospects

The Tardiglacial of Portugal has been associated with the Magdalenian culture and lithic industries characterized by tool miniaturization, a diversity of microlith types, and the absence of a intentional blade production. The technological characterization, the chronology and the phasing of the Portuguese Magdalenian have been defined based on data recovered from open-air sites of the Estremadura region (Central Portugal). This paper presents an overview of the research undertaken over the last twenty-five years, including results from research and preventive archaeology fieldwork outside this region, namely in the Côa, Sabor and Vouga Valleys (northern Portugal), as well as in the Guadiana Valley and Algarve regions (southern Portugal). Our chronological boundaries are the Greenland Stadial 2-1b and the 8.2 ka event, from Early Magdalenian to Early Mesolithic. Regarding vegetation, deciduous Quercus underwent expansion during the warm phases of the Tardiglacial and retracted during cold ones, when pines increased. After the Solutrean, the faunal assemblages show a decrease in the variability of the represented species and an increase in fish, birds, small mammals and rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Concerning the cultural sequence, the Middle Magdalenian remains uncharacterised. After the Upper Magdalenian, and thenceforward, the use of local raw materials and of cores-on-flakes (burin or carinated endscraper type) for bladelet production gradually increased. In terms of lithic armatures typology, a four-stage sequence can be discerned: 1) Upper Magdalenian with axial points rather than backed bladelets, quite common in previous phases; 2) Final Magdalenian with an increase in the diversity of armature types; 3) Azilian with geometric microliths, curved backed points (Azilian points) and Malaurie points, and 4) Early Mesolithic without retouched bladelet tools or at best a persistence of Azilian armature types. There were some changes in the Palaeolithic rock art of the Douro basin between phase 3 (Final Magdalenian) and phase 4 (Late Azilian): figurative animal representations give place to animal depictions characterized by their geometrical bodies, often filled-in, and red deer becomes the best-represented animal.FCT: PTDC/EPH-ARQ/0326/2014info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Para o estudo da evolução do ensino e da formação em administração educacional em Portugal

Estudos sobre a evolução do ensino de disciplinas, na formação de professores em Portugal, são recentes. O controle burocrático centralizado reteve as dimensões do controle político-administrativo. De certo modo, protegeu a esfera educativa das influências modernizantes, do capitalismo industrial e das lógicas mercantis e gerencialistas. Defendeu a educação do domínio político, da intervenção de movimentos sociais, das propagandas de ideais democráticos e da cidadania. A utilização da designação "Administração educacional" ilustra as dificuldades sentidas, ao longo dos últimos anos, em termos da construção acadêmica de uma área, seja pela falta de tradição, seja pelos antecedentes históricos.In Portugal, studies about the evolution of disciplines teaching in the teachers formation are recent. The centralized bureaucratic control has held back the dimensions of politic administrative control. In a certain way, it has protected the education against the new-fashioned influences, manufacturing capitalism, and mercantile and managerial logics. This centralized bureaucratic control has also profected the education against the politic dominion, the intervention of social movements, the advertising of democratic ideals, and against the citizenship. The use of the term "Educational administration" shows the difficulties met by the searchers along the latest years, since there is no tradiction nor historic antecedence

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Limites constitucionais da investigação

Divulgação dos SUMÁRIOS das obras recentemente incorporadas ao acervo da Biblioteca Ministro Oscar Saraiva do STJ. Em respeito à lei de Direitos Autorais, não disponibilizamos a obra na íntegra. STJ0008076

Evaluation of optical localization in the visible band for ultrasound guidance in radiotherapy using a robotic arm

In many medical fields, spatial localization of devices is of paramount importance to e.g. deliver treatments correctly or to perform accurate diagnostic evaluations. Among the different technologies available, optical localization in the visible band of the spectrum offers many advantages: minimum interference with other instruments, flexibility in position of the devices used and extra features such as patient/operator surface tracking or vital signs monitoring. Its application in the domain of radiotherapy is novel, and potentially very beneficial. In this work we introduced a workflow to test the reliability of one of these systems, developed in house, to localize an ultrasound transducer for ultrasound guided radiation therapy (USgRT). Accuracy, precision, latency, sensitive volume and sensitivity to light intensity were evaluated. The workflow we proposed allowed us to establish that, while all the clinically relevant parameters of the system are acceptable, accuracy in locating the transducer could be as poor as 7-8 mm, therefore not acceptable for the intended purpose of the system

Evaluation of Optical Localization in the Visible Band for Ultrasound Guidance in Radiotherapy Using A Robotic Arm

In many medical fields, spatial localization of devices is of paramount importance to e.g. deliver treatments correctly or to perform accurate diagnostic evaluations. Among the different technologies available, optical localization in the visible band of the spectrum offers many advantages: minimum interference with other instruments, flexibility in position of the devices used and extra features such as patient/operator surface tracking or vital signs monitoring. Its application in the domain of radiotherapy is novel, and potentially very beneficial. In this work we introduced a workflow to test the reliability of one of these systems, developed in house, to localize an ultrasound transducer for ultrasound guided radiation therapy (USgRT). Accuracy, precision, latency, sensitive volume and sensitivity to light intensity were evaluated. The workflow we proposed allowed us to establish that, while all the clinically relevant parameters of the system are acceptable, accuracy in locating the transducer could be as poor as 7-8 mm, therefore not acceptable for the intended purpose of the system

Pós-graduação multiprofissional em saúde: resultados de experiências utilizando metodologias ativas

Este trabalho objetiva avaliar os resultados de uma experiência de pós-graduação multiprofissional em saúde ancorada em metodologias ativas, a partir da ótica de seus egressos. O desenho metodológico consiste numa pesquisa avaliativa que articula as abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, trabalha-se com questionário estruturado, entrevista semiestruturada e grupo focal. O tratamento quantitativo dos dados consiste na descrição frequencial, utilização do Teste Qui-quadrado e extensão do Teste Exato de Fisher. Em termos qualitativos, utilizou-se o método de interpretação de sentidos baseado nas perspectivas hermenêutica-dialética. Dentre os principais resultados destaca-se a significativa positividade atribuída ao curso. Também foram constatados limites na aplicação dos resultados do curso na prática profissional, sobretudo por conta de questões estruturais. Conclui-se que a utilização de metodologias ativas pode contribuir para a formação profissional, em nível de pós-graduação, mais alinhada à atual política nacional de saúde

Posgrado multi-profesional en salud: resultados de experiencias utilizando metodologías activas

Submitted by Luis Guilherme Macena ([email protected]) on 2011-03-23T21:26:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Pós-graduação multiprofissional em saúde.pdf: 210314 bytes, checksum: 86526419ccd28ddd4341d712c02ab22b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2011-03-23T21:26:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pós-graduação multiprofissional em saúde.pdf: 210314 bytes, checksum: 86526419ccd28ddd4341d712c02ab22b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04FapespFaculdade de Medicina de Marília. Marília, SP, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Fernandes Figueira. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Faculdade de Medicina de Marília. Hospital de Clínicas. Serviço de Educação Permanente, Marília, SP, Brasil.Faculdade de Medicina de Marília. Serviço de Desenvolvimento de Pessoal e Ouvidoria. Marília, SP, Brasil.Faculdade de Medicina de Marília. Hospital de Clínicas. Serviço de Enfermagem. Marília, SP, Brasil.Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Marília, SP, Brasil.Este trabalho objetiva avaliar os resultados de uma experiência de pós-graduação multiprofissional em saúde ancorada em metodologias ativas, a partir da ótica de seus egressos. O desenho metodológico consiste numa pesquisa avaliativa que articula as abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, trabalha-se com questionário estruturado, entrevista semiestruturada e grupo focal. O tratamento quantitativo dos dados consiste na descrição frequencial, utilização do Teste Quiquadrado e extensão do Teste Exato de Fisher. Em termos qualitativos, utilizou-se o método de interpretação de sentidos baseado nas perspectivas hermenêuticadialética. Dentre os principais resultados destaca-se a significativa positividade atribuída ao curso. Também foram constatados limites na aplicação dos resultados do curso na prática profissional, sobretudo por conta de questões estruturais. Conclui-se que a utilização de metodologias ativas pode contribuir para a formação profissional, em nível de pósgraduação, mais alinhada à atual política nacional de saúde.This study aimed to evaluate the results from an experience of multiprofessional health-related graduate courses based on active methodologies, from the viewpoint of its graduates. The methodological design consisted of an evaluative investigation that brought together quantitative and qualitative approaches. A structured questionnaire, semistructured interview and focus group were used as the data-gathering instruments. The quantitative treatment of the data consists in a frequency description, using the chisquare test and extension of Fisher’s exact test. In qualitative terms, the method of sense interpretation based on hermeneutic and dialectic perspectives was used. Among the main results, the significant positive reaction to the course can be highlighted. Limits to the application of the results from the course to professional practice were also seen, mainly because of structural questions. It was concluded that use of active methodologies might contribute towards professional training at postgraduate level that is better aligned with the current national healthcare policies.El trabajo objetiva evaluar los resultados de una experiencia de posgrado multiprofesional en salud ancorada en metodologías activas a partir de la óptica de sus egresos. El diseño metodológico consiste en una investigación evaluativa que articula los planteamientos cuantitativos y cualitativos. Como instrumento de colecta de datos se trabaja con un cuestionario estructurado, entrevista semi-estructurada y grupo focal. El tratamiento cuantitativo de los datos consiste en la descripción frecuentativa, utilización del “Test Qui-Cuadrado” y extensión del “Test Exacto de Fisher”. En términos cualitativos, se ha utilizado el método de interpretación de sentidos basado en las perspectiva hermenéutica-dialéctica. Entre los principales resultados se destaca la significativa positividad atribuida al curso. También se han constatado límites en la aplicación de los resultados en la práctica profesional, principalmente a causa de cuestiones estructurales. Se concluye que la utilización de metodologías activas puede contribuir para la formación profesional en nivel de posgrado, pero en línea con la actual política nacional de salud