Broken lines of Il/Legality and the reproduction of state sovereignty: the impact of visa policies on immigrants to Turkey from Bulgaria

After the granting of citizenship to the 300,000 Turkish migrants from Bulgaria in 1989, the Turkish state has proceeded to enact a series of visa regime changes concerning more recent migrants from Bulgaria, who, according to the most recent modification, are only allowed to stay for ninety days within any six month period. This paper argues that the arbitrariness sustained by Turkish immigration policies partakes, on the one hand, in more global trends to increase the vulnerability of the dispensable workforce required by neoliberal market economies and, on the other hand, the arbitrariness enhances the political power of the state within and outside of its borders. The temporary legalization of Bulgarian Turkish migrants in return for voting in the Bulgarian elections reveals that the state consolidates its transnational political power by drawing and redrawing the broken lines of legality/ illegality. Moreover we demonstrate not only the ways in which the migrant population from Bulgaria is managed but also the strategies deployed by the migrants themselves in the face of such sovereign acts

Keyifle okunan bir çalışma:İngiliz edebiyatı tarihi:İngiltere'de romanın çıkışı

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 34/A-Mina UrganUnutma İstanbul projesi İstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı'nın 2016 yılı "Yenilikçi ve Yaratıcı İstanbul Mali Destek Programı" kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Proje No: TR10/16/YNY/010

A NEW HIGH-EFFICIENCY PROCEDURE FOR AGGREGATE GRADATION DETERMINATION OF THE RAILWAY BALLAST BY MEANS IMAGE RECOGNITION METHOD

The mechanical characteristics of the railway superstructure are related to the properties of the ballast, and especially to the particle size distribution of its grains. Under the constant stress-strain of carriages, the ballast can deteriorate over time, and consequently it should properly be monitored for safety reasons. The equipment which currently monitors the railway superstructure (like the Italian diagnostic train Archimede) do not make any “quantitative” evaluation of the ballast. The aim of this paper is therefore to propose a new methodology for extracting railway ballast particle size distribution by means of the image processing technique. The procedure has been tested on a regularly operating Italian railway line and the results have been compared with those obtained from laboratory experiments, thus assessing how effective is the methodology which could potentially be implemented also in diagnostic trains in the near future

Carta que le escrive Geromillo de Parla a su amigo Bartolillo Cabrera dandole quenta de lo que ha pasado en Castilla desde agosto hasta noviembre de 1710

Copia digital. Valladolid : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 2009-2010Texto a dos col

un approccio teorico-sperimentale per la ricostruzione del profilo trasversale di rotaie usurate

La sovrastruttura ferroviaria durante la sua vita utile è sottoposta oltre ai carichi dinamici generati dai rotabili (azioni verticali, laterali, ecc.), anche ai carichi termici e ad azioni ambientali di varia natura. Tali sollecitazioni, interagendo sinergicamente tra loro, determinano il deterioramento della sovrastruttura ferroviaria inteso come discostamento dalla configurazione geometrica di progetto e l’usura dei singoli componenti del binario e della massicciata. Per valutare lo stato di efficienza della sovrastruttura è consuetudine far riferimento ad alcuni parametri geometrici del binario che, peraltro, permettono di formulare un giudizio oggettivo circa il livello di sicurezza offerto dalla linea ferroviaria in una data tratta. A tal riguardo, in genere, vengono esaminati distintamente in seguenti parametri geometrici [1] e [2]: i) scartamento; ii) allineamento “A”; iii) livello longitudinale “L”; iv) livello trasversale XL; v) scarto di livello trasversale SCARTXL; vi) difetto di sopraelevazione H; vii) sghembo; viii) ulteriori parametri geometrici (scartamento depurato ed in media mobile, allineamento su base 20 m, ecc.). Invece, per quanto riguarda il deterioramento dei materiali, generalmente vengono presi in esame: i) usura verticale della rotaia; ii) usura a 45° della rotaia; iii) usura orizzontale della rotaia; iv) presenza nelle campate delle rotaie di fori, fenditure, e stato delle saldature alluminotermiche ed a scintillio nelle lunghe rotaie saldate; v) tenuta degli attacchi; vi) stato delle traverse in c.a.p. ed in legno. Con riferimento allo stato di usura delle rotaie, oltre ai tradizionali metodi di auscultazione, in futuro, in ambito ferroviario, potrebbero trovare ampio impiego anche le tecniche basate sull’image processing, in grado di ricostruire con alto livello di dettaglio il profilo trasversale di una rotaia in esercizio, e dunque, di poter effettuare il confronto con il profilo originario (rotaia nuova) al fine di determinare lo stato di usura del profilato. Tale approccio metodologico, dettagliatamente descritto nei seguenti paragrafi, si basa sulle “informazioni” contenute in immagini fotografiche ad alta risoluzione delle rotaie e su specifici algoritmi che permettono di ottenere l’esatto profilo geometrico delle rotaie stesse.A new procedure for reconstructing the transverse profile of worn-out tracks by means of the image-processing technique is studied. In order to analyze the image of a track plane section, the first step of the procedure is the edge detection of the transverse profile through Canny's algorithm. This algorithm examines the behavior of the gradient operator applied to a noisy contour. Moreover, the algorithm is able to distinguish some clearer pixels near the track edge which do not belong to its micro-wrinkles, obtained from an enlargement of the upper profile of the railhead. For every chromatic plane of the analyzed image, a median filter is applied. The centroid position of the worn-out track and its contour coordinates were determined, gathered from Freeman's algorithm developed on the result formalized by relations after carrying out the proper morphological closing operations. The distances between the two profiles have been determined by the intercepts of the straight lines from the centroid of the profile I

The Right Periphery of Interrogatives in Catalan and Spanish : Syntax/Prosody Interactions

We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that have improved the final paper, and the first author expresses particular thanks to her colleagues of the Grup de Recerca en Entonació i Parla (UB). Moreover, we are grateful to the editors of the volume, for their patience and expertise in the editing process. During the editing process Crocco (2013) appeared which considers partially similar data in Italian. Unfortunately, we could not include a discussion of this article. The research of the second author was partially possible due to research projects FFI2011-23356 (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain) and 2009SGR1079 (Generalitat de Catalunya), awarded to the UAB.S'ha destacat en la bibliografia que les oracions interrogatives del castellà i del català es comporten de manera ben diferent respecte a la inversió subjecte-verb: mentre aquelles permeten la inversió VS 'clàssica' i, en especial, l'ordre VSO, aquestes recorren sistemàticament a la dislocació a la dreta en tots els casos (V(O)#S). En aquest article revisem aquesta observació a partir d'un estudi de corpus i afegim a la descripció els trets prosòdics i pragmàtics de les interrogatives. Mostrem que les interrogatives del català afavoreixen la dislocació a la dreta, en clar contrast amb el castellà, que prefereix la realizació in situ del material del rerefons. Aquesta última opció té conseqüències importants per als contorns prosòdics de les interrogatives castellanes, que marquen els constituents focals finals amb un to ascendent i el material del rerefons amb una lleugera caiguda.It has been reported in the literature that interrogative sentences behave quite differently regarding subject-verb inversion in Spanish and Catalan: whereas the former allows 'classical' VS inversion, and particularly VSO, the latter systematically resorts to right-dislocation in all cases (V(O)#S). In this paper we scrutinize this observation from a corpus-based perspective, and including into the syntactic picture the prosodic and pragmatic features of interrogatives. We show that Catalan interrogatives clearly favor RD, in sharp contrast with Spanish, which favors in situ realization of background material. This latter option has important consequences for the prosodic patterns of Spanish interrogatives, which mark final focus constituents with a pitch rising and that final background material with a slight pitch fall

Reglament del Servei de Tractament de la Parla i el So

Acord de la Comissió de Transferència de Coneixements i Projectes Estratègics de 25 de gener de 2013 i modificat per acord de 29 de maig de 201

Validation and assessment of variant calling pipelines for next-generation sequencing

Background: The processing and analysis of the large scale data generated by next-generation sequencing (NGS) experiments is challenging and is a burgeoning area of new methods development. Several new bioinformatics tools have been developed for calling sequence variants from NGS data. Here, we validate the variant calling of these tools and compare their relative accuracy to determine which data processing pipeline is optimal. Results: We developed a unified pipeline for processing NGS data that encompasses four modules: mapping, filtering, realignment and recalibration, and variant calling. We processed 130 subjects from an ongoing whole exome sequencing study through this pipeline. To evaluate the accuracy of each module, we conducted a series of comparisons between the single nucleotide variant (SNV) calls from the NGS data and either gold-standard Sanger sequencing on a total of 700 variants or array genotyping data on a total of 9,935 single-nucleotide polymorphisms. A head to head comparison showed that Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) provided more accurate calls than SAMtools (positive predictive value of 92.55% vs. 80.35%, respectively). Realignment of mapped reads and recalibration of base quality scores before SNV calling proved to be crucial to accurate variant calling. GATK HaplotypeCaller algorithm for variant calling outperformed the UnifiedGenotype algorithm. We also showed a relationship between mapping quality, read depth and allele balance, and SNV call accuracy. However, if best practices are used in data processing, then additional filtering based on these metrics provides little gains and accuracies of >99% are achievable. Conclusions: Our findings will help to determine the best approach for processing NGS data to confidently call variants for downstream analyses. To enable others to implement and replicate our results, all of our codes are freely available at http://metamoodics.org/wes

Resistance gene enrichment sequencing (RenSeq) enables reannotation of the NB-LRR gene family from sequenced plant genomes and rapid mapping of resistance loci in segregating populations

RenSeq is a NB-LRR (nucleotide binding-site leucine-rich repeat) gene-targeted, Resistance gene enrichment and sequencing method that enables discovery and annotation of pathogen resistance gene family members in plant genome sequences. We successfully applied RenSeq to the sequenced potato Solanum tuberosum clone DM, and increased the number of identified NB-LRRs from 438 to 755. The majority of these identified R gene loci reside in poorly or previously unannotated regions of the genome. Sequence and positional details on the 12 chromosomes have been established for 704 NB-LRRs and can be accessed through a genome browser that we provide. We compared these NB-LRR genes and the corresponding oligonucleotide baits with the highest sequence similarity and demonstrated that ~80% sequence identity is sufficient for enrichment. Analysis of the sequenced tomato S. lycopersicum ‘Heinz 1706’ extended the NB-LRR complement to 394 loci. We further describe a methodology that applies RenSeq to rapidly identify molecular markers that co-segregate with a pathogen resistance trait of interest. In two independent segregating populations involving the wild Solanum species S. berthaultii (Rpi-ber2) and S. ruiz-ceballosii (Rpi-rzc1), we were able to apply RenSeq successfully to identify markers that co-segregate with resistance towards the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans. These SNP identification workflows were designed as easy-to-adapt Galaxy pipelines