Deporte en las prisiones españolas : ¿hacia el tercer grado o el tercer tiempo?

Published research on the effects of sport among the prison population in Spain has come to conflicting conclusions, creating a confusing picture: is it rehabilitation, mere fun, or a form of social control? What lies behind this disparity of findings? Can a prison sports programme have positive effects on inmates, contributing to their reintegration into society? If so, what specific features should the programme have in order to achieve this outcome? To shed some light on the area, answering these questions, is the objective of this article. Firstly, we carried out a review of the Spanish and international literature on the subject, which led us to conclude that a sports programme could in fact have positive effects on inmates’ reintegration, provided that it complied with a certain set of requisites. However, the studies we reviewed made no mention of these requirements, despite their importance. Thus, the second step in our research was to select a sports programme in a Spanish prison which complied with the requisites and to investigate its effects on the inmates taking part. Through participant observation and interviews we found that the programme did indeed have positive effects among prisoners. This represents an important advance in our knowledge, since we were then able to set out the guidelines which the design and implementation of prison sports programmes should follow if they are to aid the social reintegration of inmates. This is the foremost contribution and value of the present study.Las investigaciones publicadas sobre los efectos del deporte entre la población reclusa en España muestran conclusiones contradictorias, creando una situación confusa: ¿es rehabilitación, simple diversión, o una forma de control social? ¿Qué se esconde detrás de esta disparidad de resultados? ¿Puede un programa de deportes de la cárcel tener efectos positivos sobre los internos, contribuyendo a su reinserción en la sociedad? Si es así, ¿qué características específicas debería tener un programa que busca alcanzar este objetivo? Para arrojar algo de luz sobre este tema, el objetivo de este artículo es responder a estas preguntas. En primer lugar, se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura española e internacional sobre este tema, lo que llevó a la conclusión de que un programa de deportes podría, de hecho, tener efectos positivos sobre la reinserción de los internos, siempre que se cumpla con un conjunto claro de requisitos. Sin embargo, en los estudios revisados no se hace mención de estos requisitos, a pesar de su importancia. De esta forma, el segundo paso en nuestro estudio fue seleccionar un programa de deportes en una cárcel española que cumple con estos requisitos e investigar sus efectos sobre los internos que participaron. A través de la observación participante y las entrevistas encontramos que el programa tuvo efectos positivos entre los presos. Esto representa un avance significativo en nuestro conocimiento, ya que permite establecer las directrices y el diseño para implementar programas deportivos en centros penitenciarios con el fin de ayudar a la reinserción social de los internos. Esta es la principal contribución y el valor del presente estudio

Visións competitivas de conectividade no contexto da Iniciativa Belt and Road : o desenvolvemento de infraestructuras en Indonesia

Traballo de Fin de Grao en EconomíaAs necesidades globais de investimento en infraestructuras corren o risco de quedar sen ser materializadas. Asia é unha das rexións cun maior déficit de infraestructuras. As necesidades de cada país son diferentes, así como o seu modelo de desenvolvemento. Nese contexto, Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) foi anunciada polo presidente chinés Xi Jinping no ano 2013, coa idea de conseguir unha maior integración rexional e conectar o supercontinente Euroasiático. China, polo tanto, presentou un novo modelo de liderazgo. A súa vez, os países da rexión seguen os seus propios intereses, servindo ademáis de contrapeso ás intencións chinesas. As diferentes visións e as escollas finais dos diferentes países determinarán se finalmente as necesidades se financian con investimento público ou privado e o maior multilateralismo ou bilateralismo das relacións económicas e comerciais. Por outro lado, hai unha tendencia dos países receptores a intentar aproveitarse da competencia, e da búsqueda do equilibrio entre colaboración e competición entre os países activos nas propostas. Nese contexto, a cercanía vai ser cada vez máis relevante económica e estratéxicamente. No caso de Indonesia, o país ten unhas necesidades de infraestructuras elevadas. Estáseguindo un modelo cun papel elevado do sector público, que encaixa coa proposta chinesa, pero que mantén os problemas en termos de eficiencia. A nivel internacional, intenta aproveitarse da competencia, especialmente entre Xapón e China, e aumentar as relacións co resto do mundo a nivel comercial

Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes for highly efficient PFASs removal: overview, challenges and future perspectives

Today, it is extremely urgent to face the increasing shortage of clean and safe water resources, determined by the exponential growth of both world population and its consumerism, climate change and pollution. Water remediation from traditional chemicals and Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) is supposed to be among the major methods to solve water scarcity issues. Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Nanofiltration (NF) membrane separation technologies have proven to be feasible, sustainable and highly effective methods for the removal of contaminants, comprising the extremely persistent and recalcitrant perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), which failed to be treated through the traditional water treatment approaches. So far, however, they have been unable to assure PFASs levels under the established guidance limits for drinking water and still suffer from fouling problems, which limit their large-scale application. Novel configurations, improvement in process design and the development of high-performant materials for membrane production are important steps to tackle these issues, especially in view of new more stringent regulations limiting PFASs content in drinking water. As a possible future strategy, nanocomposite Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) offer a platform of advanced materials which promise to revolutionize RO/NF technology for water treatment. In particular, the introduction of MOFs as adsorbent fillers in the polymeric membrane matrix appears as a viable approach for the effective and selective capture and removal of PFASs from water. The objective of this review is to provide a dedicated outlook on the most recent advances in RO and NF membrane technologies for PFASs removal. The effects of membrane properties, the solution chemistry, and contaminant properties on the RO/NF performances will be discussed in detail. Future challenges are also discussed, offering new perspectives toward the development of new advanced membranes with improved performance for PFAS removal, which are likely to significantly progress RO and NF technology for water remediation

Propuesta de plan de negocio para la reactivación de la empresa agroindustria Hidalgo e hijos E.I.R.L. Arequipa 2021

La siguiente investigación trata sobre la propuesta de un Plan de Negocio aplicado a una empresa del rubro agro - industrial, la misma que produce piscos y vinos de forma artesanal, la cual está dada como baja de oficio ante la SUNAT. El objetivo de este Plan de Negocio es lograr la reactivación de la empresa “Agroindustria Hidalgo e Hijos EIRL”. Para lograr dicho objetivo es necesario realizar, según la estructura de un plan de negocio, el análisis situacional de la empresa, un estudio de mercado, un plan operacional, un plan comercial y la evaluación financiera. Mediante el plan de negocio propuesto se busca lograr la reactivación de la empresa, aplicando la metodología SCOR, como principal referencia, que servirá como una herramienta de gestión para mejorar el rendimiento de las operaciones y trabajar de manera integrada, se desarrolló estratégicamente un plan comercial usando el “Marketing Mix” de McCarthy, Por último se realizó un presupuesto de 67798 nuevos soles, además de una proyección financiera para los próximos cinco años, obteniendo como resultado una Tasa de Interés de Retorno de 42% y un Valor Actual Neto del proyecto de 26663.99 nuevos soles, que determina que el proyecto será altamente viable, se concluye que antes del plan de negocio la empresa tenía una salida promedio de 2654 litros al mes, es decir 5308 botellas de 500 ml. luego de haber analizado correctamente la capacidad productiva de la empresa, se determinó que las salidas anuales de la misma serían de 15755 botellas de 500 ml., triplicando las ventas estimadas

Synthesis of a rod-based porous coordination polymer from a nucleotide as a sequential chiral inductor

We report the two-step synthesis of a novel chiral rod-based porous coordination polymer (PCP). The chemical approach consists on the use of a previously prepared bis(ethylendiamine) copper monomer of formula [Cu(en)]2(NO3)2 [where en = ethylendiamine] reacting with the cytidine 5'-monophosphate (CMP) nucleotide. The bis(ethylendiamine) copper compound -stabilized by the axial coordination of nitrate counter-anions- reacts in the presence of sodium salt of CMP to yield right-handed copper(II) chains of P helicity with formula [Cu2(en)2(CMP)2] . 5H2O (1). The axial coordination of the CMP2- ligands through the N3 and O2 sites (free nitrogen and carbonyl groups) of the cytosine nucleobase and oxygen atoms of phosphate moieties, ensure the stabilization of the neutral chiral polymer. The supramolecular organization involves strong hydrogen bonding interactions to build supramolecular chains of the same helicity. The resulting PCP constitutes one of the few examples of CMP compounds exhibiting a such coordination involving both nucleobase and phosphate moieties, where a highly stable metal complex is used as precursor for the rational construction of rod-based hydrogen metal-organic frameworks (HMOFs). Furthermore, it is underlined the intrinsic capability of biomolecules to act as chiral transfer systems

The Unusual Acid-Accumulating Behavior during Ripening of Cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) is Linked to Changes in Transcription and Enzyme Activity Related to Citric and Malic Acid Metabolism

Indexación: Web of ScienceCherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) is a subtropical fruit characterized by a significant increase in organic acid levels during ripening, making it an interesting model for studying the relationship between acidity and fruit flavor. In this work, we focused on understanding the balance between the concentration of organic acids and the gene expression and activity of enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of these metabolites during the development and ripening of cherimoya cv. "Concha Lisa". Our results showed an early accumulation of citric acid and other changes associated with the accumulation of transcripts encoding citrate catabolism enzymes. During ripening, a 2-fold increase in malic acid and a 6-fold increase in citric acid were detected. By comparing the contents of these compounds with gene expression and enzymatic activity levels, we determined that cytoplasmic NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase (cyNAD-MDH) and mitochondrial citrate synthase (mCS) play important regulatory roles in the malic and citric acid biosynthetic pathways.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/5/39

La literatura de no ficción como eje vehicular de la acción educativa: análisis del proyecto “Un Verano Literario” (Sta. Cruz de la Serós, 2022).

El presente trabajo aborda el análisis del proyecto “Un verano literario”, realizado en 2022 en el pueblo de Sta. Cruz de la Serós (Jacetania). Tratándose de un proyecto ajeno al sistema formal de enseñanza es, sin embargo, de índole claramente educativa y posee un eje vertebrador a través de la literatura: en 2021 los cuentos constituyeron el eje vehicular del mismo, siendo el juego la acción lúdica que se realizaba tras la lectura. Para la edición de 2022 se planteó un cambio de paradigma: ¿Y si en lugar de utilizar literatura de cuentos se utilizan libros de no ficción? Tras el análisis, planteamiento, investigación y desarrollo inicial se llevó a cabo dicho proyecto con la literatura no ficcional como el nuevo tronco en donde ramificar juegosvarias actividades en torno a su lectura. Este nuevo tipo de literatura, combinado con la multimedia y las TICs en la literatura se desarrolló a lo largo del verano de 2022, sirviendo quizá de ejemplo para su adaptación al sistema escolar.<br /

Deporte en las prisiones españolas: ¿hacia el tercer grado o el tercer tiempo?

Published research on the effects of sport among the prison population in Spain has come to conflicting conclusions, creating a confusing picture: is it rehabilitation, mere fun, or a form of social control? What lies behind this disparity of findings? Can a prison sports programme have positive effects on inmates, contributing to their reintegration into society? If so, what specific features should the programme have in order to achieve this outcome? To shed some light on the area, answering these questions, is the objective of this article. Firstly, we carried out a review of the Spanish and international literature on the subject, which led us to conclude that a sports programme could in fact have positive effects on inmates’ reintegration, provided that it complied with a certain set of requisites. However, the studies we reviewed made no mention of these requirements, despite their importance. Thus, the second step in our research was to select a sports programme in a Spanish prison which complied with the requisites and to investigate its effects on the inmates taking part. Through participant observation and interviews we found that the programme did indeed have positive effects among prisoners. This represents an important advance in our knowledge, since we were then able to set out the guidelines which the design and implementation of prison sports programmes should follow if they are to aid the social reintegration of inmates. This is the foremost contribution and value of the present study.Las investigaciones publicadas sobre los efectos del deporte entre la población reclusa en España muestran conclusiones contradictorias, creando una situación confusa: ¿es rehabilitación, simple diversión, o una forma de control social? ¿Qué se esconde detrás de esta disparidad de resultados? ¿Puede un programa de deportes de la cárcel tener efectos positivos sobre los internos, contribuyendo a su reinserción en la sociedad? Si es así, ¿qué características específicas debería tener un programa que busca alcanzar este objetivo? Para arrojar algo de luz sobre este tema, el objetivo de este artículo es responder a estas preguntas. En primer lugar, se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura española e internacional sobre este tema, lo que llevó a la conclusión de que un programa de deportes podría, de hecho, tener efectos positivos sobre la reinserción de los internos, siempre que se cumpla con un conjunto claro de requisitos. Sin embargo, en los estudios revisados no se hace mención de estos requisitos, a pesar de su importancia. De esta forma, el segundo paso en nuestro estudio fue seleccionar un programa de deportes en una cárcel española que cumple con estos requisitos e investigar sus efectos sobre los internos que participaron. A través de la observación participante y las entrevistas encontramos que el programa tuvo efectos positivos entre los presos. Esto representa un avance significativo en nuestro conocimiento, ya que permite establecer las directrices y el diseño para implementar programas deportivos en centros penitenciarios con el fin de ayudar a la reinserción social de los internos. Esta es la principal contribución y el valor del presente estudio.Palabras clave: deporte, actividad física, centros penitenciarios, reclusos, España.Actividad Física y Deport

Glassy PEEK‐WC vs Rubbery Pebax®1657 Polymers: Effect on the Gas Transport in CuNi‐MOF Based Mixed Matrix Membranes

Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are seen as promising candidates to overcome the fundamental limit of polymeric membranes, known as the so‐called Robeson upper bound, which defines the best compromise between permeability and selectivity of neat polymeric membranes. To overcome this limit, the permeability of the filler particles in the MMM must be carefully matched with that of the polymer matrix. The present work shows that it is not sufficient to match only the permeability of the polymer and the dispersed phase, but that one should consider also the individual contributions of the diffusivity and the solubility of the gas in both components. Here we compare the gas transport performance of two different MMMs, containing the metal-organic framework CuNi‐MOF in the rubbery Pebax®1657 and in the glassy poly(ether‐ether‐ketone) with cardo moiety, PEEK‐WC. The chemical and structural properties of MMMs were investigated by means of FT‐IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and EDX analysis. The influence of MOF on the mechanical and thermal properties of both polymers was investigated by tensile tests and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. The MOF loading in Pebax®1657 increased the ideal H2/N2 selectivity from 6 to 8 thanks to an increased H2 permeability. In general, the MOF had little effect on the Pebax®165 membranes because an increase in gas solubility was neutralized by an equivalent decrease in effective diffusivity. Instead, the addition of MOF to PEEK‐WC increases the ideal CO2/CH4 selectivity from 30 to ~48 thanks to an increased CO2 permeability (from 6 to 48 Barrer). The increase in CO2 permeability and CO2/CH4 selectivity is maintained under mixed gas conditions

Influence of tumor characteristics on the outcome of liver transplantation among

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may recur after liver transplantation (LT), mainly in patients with multinodular and large tumors. However, factors predictive of outcome after LT in patients with small tumors remain ill defined. We investigated which factors were related to mortality or tumor recurrence among 47 liver transplant recipients with liver cirrhosis and HCC and compared them with 107 patients with liver cirrhosis without tumor who underwent LT in the same period. Patients with HCC were older (P <.001), more frequently had cirrhosis of a viral origin (P <.001), and had lower Child-Pugh scores (P <.001) than patients without tumor. Survival of patients with and without tumor was not significantly different (P =.20). Among patients with HCC, those with lower recurrence-free survival rates had liver cirrhosis of a viral origin, vascular invasion, bilobar disease, and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage IV. At multivariate analysis, the only factor associated with mortality or recurrence was TNM stage IV (P =.02). Our results suggest that in patients with HCC and TNM stage IV, LT might be contraindicate