Inclusive Education in Russia: Historical-Sociological Aspect

This research analyzes social-historic reasons of inclusive education and its essence and significance; its methodological basis along with its reasons and tasks are getting revealed; humanistic essence of inclusive education’s conceptions along with pedagogical principles with their implementation possibilities, are getting substantiated. Since inclusion in common understanding is an acknowledgement of diversity in educational environment, one of its aspects became the subject of analysis — which is joint studying process of healthy students and students with limited health abilities (herein referred to LHA). Humanistic criterion of education environment is ability to provide personal development and social integration for a child. First of all — this is a transition to genuine interaction and communication among all children with no differences. For this purpose, different forms of collective activities are used in conditions of barrier-free environment, thus, children could learn standards of social behavior and gain experience of its reproduction in the process of interaction. Thus, the purpose of inclusive education turns out to be education for everyone, and following new humanistic approaches signal the transition from teaching children with LHA in special facilities, to integrated education. Analysis of normative law documents in aspect of requirements which regulate organizing of inclusive education for children with limited health abilities in the system of general education of Russian Federation was conducted in this article. Basing on analysis of documents’ content, there was made a conclusion about sufficiency of normative law basis of inclusive education being integrated and implemented into the system of general education; it is also noted that there is unsolved question of researching enforcement practice quality in part of providing special conditions to get general education by children with limited health abilities under conditions of inclusion. The actuality of matter chosen is explained by necessity to search new conceptual solutions and strategies, helping to harmonize human relationships in general with adaptation of people with special education needs. Keywords: education, inclusion, judiciary system, students with limited health abilities (disabled students), inclusive education environmen

The balance of elements in the system “Luvic Chernozems – agricultural plants” on the Plavsk upland (Tula region of Russia)

To assess the transfer of macro (K, P, S, Mg, Ca, as well as Si, Na, Fe, Al, Mn and Ti) and microelements (Zn, Ba, Cu, Sr, Mo, as well as As, Zr, Pb, Co, Ni, V and Cr) from Luvic Chernozems (Aric, Loamic, Pachic) into agricultural plants, we studied the inventories of chemical elements in three agrocenoses (wheat, soybean, Galega orientalis Lam. and Bromopsis inermis Leyss grass mixtures) from the Plavsk upland (Tula Region). This territory is subjected to intensive industrial and agricultural impacts: it is 40 km away from the town of Shchekino with a nitrogen fertilizer plant and a thermal power plant, 60 km away from Tula with large metallurgical enterprises, 70 km away from the town of Novomoskovsk with several chemical enterprises and state district power plant. In soils, the total content of elements was determined by the X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The elemental composition of plants after autoclave decomposition with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide and the content of the bioavailable fraction (extracted by an ammonium acetate buffer with pH 4.8) of elements in soil were estimated by the atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma. In topsoil (a 10-cm layer), maximal inventories are typical for total Si (40 ± 4 kg/m2), Al (7.0 ± 0.8 kg/m2) and Fe (3.4 ± 0.3 kg/m2) and for bioavailable Ca (570 ± 48 g/m2), Mg (43 ± 4 g/m2), K (22 ± 6 g/m2). In plants, the main inventories (g/m2) of K, P, S, Mg, Si, Mn, Zn, Ba, Cu, Mo occur in the above ground phytomass. The most effectively plants assimilate bioavailable fractions of K, P, Ti, Mo, As, Zr, V. Based on the resource method for soil quality assessment, the studied Chernozems are characterized by a low level of Ni contamination, a moderate supply of bioavailable K with a lack of bioavailable P

Influence of Tocolytic Therapy with Hexoprenaline on Heart Rate Variability, Lipid Spectrum and Glycemic Level in Obese Pregnant Women

Background. Obesity is associated with the risk of spontaneous preterm birth. Hexoprenaline is the effective and most widely used tocolytic agent, possessing however a significant number of side effects. The effect of hexoprenaline tocolysis on heart rate variability, lipid spectrum and glycaemia level in obese pregnant women remain unexplored.Aim of the research. To study the effect of tocolytic therapy with hexoprenaline on heart rate variability, lipid spectrum and glycemic level in obese pregnant women.Materials and methods. The study included two groups of pregnant women with threatened preterm labor who received tocolysis with hexoprenaline. One group consisted of 68 obese patients, the other – 72 non-obese pregnant women (control group). Patients underwent Holter monitoring. Fasting serum glucose and lipids spectrum were measured before starting tocolytic therapy and after 24 hours of tocolysis.Results. In obese pregnant women with hexoprenaline infusion, the heart rate, the 24-hours number of supraventricular extrasystoles and ventricular extrasystoles during the day are significantly higher. Frequency domain parameters, very low frequency during the day, low frequency at night and 24-hours high frequency were significantly decreased than in control group. After a day of tocolysis in obese pregnant women, the level of total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins, triglycerides, and glucose significantly increases when compared with the results before therapy. For patients in the control group treated with hexoprenaline, only the concentration of high-density lipoproteins is increased.Conclusion. Obesity in pregnant women receiving hexoprenaline tocolysis is associated with low heart rate variability and an increase in the number of cardiac arrhythmias, as well as lipid disorders and an increase in glucose level

Using Chernobyl-derived 137Cs to document recent sediment deposition rates on the River Plava floodplain (Central European Russia)

Floodplain sedimentation is one of the most dynamic geomorphic processes within plain and lowland landscapes. There is generally a good understanding of longer term floodplain evolution, but quantitative information on overbank deposition rates for recent shorter timescales is lacking. This paper describes the application of Chernobyl-derived 137Cs to quantify floodplain aggradation rates for the River Plava (a small river draining a severely contaminated part of the upland region of Central European Russia), based on detailed sampling of four representative floodplain study sites. Two approaches have been employed for estimating post-Chernobyl (1986-2009) floodplain accumulation rates. The first was based simply on locating the Chernobyl fallout-associated 137Cs peak in overbank sediment sections. The second involved quantification of the increase in the total 137Cs inventory at individual sampling points associated with the post-Chernobyl deposition of contaminated suspended sediment. It has been shown that considerable local-scale variability of overbank deposition rates exists, with aggradation rates on the low level floodplain (6±1.2-14±2.8 mm year-1) exceeding by 1.5-3 times the values for the middle level floodplain (2±0.4-9±1.8 mm year-1) and by 3-6 times the values for the upper level floodplain (1±0.2-5±1.0 mm year-1) floodplain levels. Combining these estimates with information on the areas occupied by different floodplain levels within the 54 km long valley section, derived from detailed geomorphic surveys of the selected reaches, it has been estimated that about 9700±1950 t of sediment have been stored on floodplain during the 1986-2009 period. The role of floodplain storage in the overall basin sediment budget and conveyance losses within the main channel system have been evaluated. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Influence of liposome forms of rhenium-platinum anti-tumor system on the proliferative activity of cancer cells

Уперше показано антипроліферативну активність реній-платинової системи на клітинах раку крові людини СЕМ-Т4. Найефективнішими виявилися експерименти, де використовувались обидва компоненти системи. Показано також перевагу ліпосомних форм порівняно з розчинами препаратів та переважний апоптотичний механізм загибелі клітин під дією системи.Впервые показана антипролиферативная активность рений-платиновой системы на клетках рака крови человека СЕМ-Т4. Наиболее эффективными оказались эксперименты, где использовались оба компонента системы. Показано также преимущество липосомных форм в сравнении с растворами препаратов и преимущественный апоптотический механизм гибели клеток под действием системы.First the antiproliferative activity of the antitumor system rhenium-platinum on the human blood cancer cells СЕМ-Т4 was shown. Experimental administration of both components of the system showed the most effectiveness. The advantages of liposomic forms in comparison with preparations solutions and dominating apoptotic mechanism of the cancer cells death under the treatment by the system were shown

Peculiarities of immunological manifestations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in the presence of chronic infection with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> variant encoding cytotoxin-associated gene A

The study aimed to evaluate the association between cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody seropositivity and chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examined 92 women with moderate RA activity. Serum antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (antiCCP), antibodies to H. pylori (anti-H. pylori-IgG), and total antibodies to H. pylori CagA antigen (antiCagA) were determined by enzyme immunoassay; the presence of anti-CagA-IgG positivity was confirmed by immunoblot. 68.5% of RA patients were positive for anti-H. pylori-IgG, and 44.4% of patients in this group were positive for anti-CagA-IgG. All the study participants were divided into three groups: I – H. pylori seronegative (H. pylori- ); II – H. pylori positive, CagA negative (H. pylori+/CagA- ); III – H. pylori positive and CagA positive (CagA+). The anti-CCP values in RA patients with CagA+ (group III) were significantly higher not only in comparison with patients seronegative for H. pylori (p &lt; 0.001), but also in comparison with patients from group II (H. pylori+/CagA- ) (p = 0.041). A study of the influence of the RA activity, the presence of RF and H. pylori on anti-CCP content demonstrated a small proportion of anti-CCP variability (R2 = 0.09), with a high contribution of H. pylori (beta = 0.25). The addition of the CagA(+) index (beta = 0.503) to the presented model allowed us to describe the variability of anti-CCP in almost 30% of cases (R2 = 0.29). In the group of RA patients with anti-CCP values exceeding the established threshold value of 20 U/mL (normal index), there was an increase in the proportion of patients infected with H. pylori (p &lt; 0.001), but not the proportion of CagA-positive patients (p = 0.06). When the threshold level was increased to 60 U/mL (three times the upper limit of normal) in patients with significantly high anti-CCP, the association with positivity for CagA became significant (p = 0.005). CagA is highly immunogenic and is capable of inducing an inflammatory response in the host that goes beyond the effect of H. pylori itself. Additional experimental studies are needed to investigate possible clinical and laboratory associations that may influence the treatment tactics of CagA+ patients with RA who are seropositive for anti-citrullinated antibodies, as well as to evaluate the possible effects of therapeutic intervention aimed at the eradication of H. pylori in this group

Sweet Sorghum Genotypes Testing in the High Latitude Rainfed Steppes of the Northern Kazakhstan (for Feed and Biofuel)

Twenty-eight sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes of the different ecological and geographic origins: Kazakhstan, Russia, India, Uzbekistan, and China were tested in the high latitude rainfed conditions of northern Kazakhstan. The genotypes demonstrated high biomass production (up to 100 t·ha-1 and more). The genotypes ripening to full reproductive seeds were selected for seed production and introduction in the northern Kazakhstan. Lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum S-1, Streptococcus thermophilus F-1 and Lactococcus lactis F-4 essentially enhance the fermentation process, suppressing undesirable microbiological processes, reducing the loss of nutrient compounds, accelerating in 2 times maturation ensilage process and providing higher quality of the feed product

Inverse modelling of European CH4 emissions during 2006-2012 using different inverse models and reassessed atmospheric observations

We present inverse modelling (top down) estimates of European methane (CH4) emissions for 2006-2012 based on a new quality-controlled and harmonised in situ data set from 18 European atmospheric monitoring stations. We applied an ensemble of seven inverse models and performed four inversion experiments, investigating the impact of different sets of stations and the use of a priori information on emissions.The inverse models infer total CH4 emissions of 26.8 (20.2-29.7) TgCH(4) yr(-1) (mean, 10th and 90th percentiles from all inversions) for the EU-28 for 2006-2012 from the four inversion experiments. For comparison, total anthropogenic CH4 emissions reported to UNFCCC (bottom up, based on statistical data and emissions factors) amount to only 21.3 TgCH(4) yr(-1) (2006) to 18.8 TgCH(4) yr(-1) (2012). A potential explanation for the higher range of top-down estimates compared to bottom-up inventories could be the contribution from natural sources, such as peatlands, wetlands, and wet soils. Based on seven different wetland inventories from the Wetland and Wetland CH4 Inter-comparison of Models Project (WETCHIMP), total wetland emissions of 4.3 (2.3-8.2) TgCH(4) yr(-1) from the EU-28 are estimated. The hypothesis of significant natural emissions is supported by the finding that several inverse models yield significant seasonal cycles of derived CH4 emissions with maxima in summer, while anthropogenic CH4 emissions are assumed to have much lower seasonal variability. Taking into account the wetland emissions from the WETCHIMP ensemble, the top-down estimates are broadly consistent with the sum of anthropogenic and natural bottom-up inventories. However, the contribution of natural sources and their regional distribution remain rather uncertain.Furthermore, we investigate potential biases in the inverse models by comparison with regular aircraft profiles at four European sites and with vertical profiles obtained during the Infrastructure for Measurement of the European Carbon Cycle (IMECC) aircraft campaign. We present a novel approach to estimate the biases in the derived emissions, based on the comparison of simulated and measured enhancements of CH4 compared to the background, integrated over the entire boundary layer and over the lower troposphere. The estimated average regional biases range between -40 and 20% at the aircraft profile sites in France, Hungary and Poland.</p