A syntactic and pragmatic study of nominal vocatives in the Twitter exchanges of rappers’ fans

This study aims to examine nominal vocatives in Twitter through the analysis of 1500 posts extracted from the accounts of five well-known female and male rappers. From this total, a sample of 550 vocatives were analysed. Attention is paid to their frequency, class, position, type of clause and the polarity in which they occur, and the pragmatic functions they express. The factor of gender is also investigated. The analysis reveals that those posting to these Twitter accounts make use of a very large and varied repertoire of nominal vocatives. The group of familiarisers clearly prevails over other categories of vocatives and this high frequency of familiarisers contrasts to the situation in spontaneous conversations where first names tend to be the most common. Vocatives in final position clearly prevail over initial and medial position. Besides, Twitter posts containing nominal vocatives in final position tend to be short while those in initial position are far longer. Polarity does not seem to have a strong influence. Some differences, however, are also observed according to the use of nominal vocatives with respect to gender. As in spontaneous conversation, vocatives in Twitter generally serve to strengthen social relationships (creating solidarity, complimenting, expressing appreciation, reinforcing the group identity) while discourse-oriented functions relating to topic and turn management are not so commonFor generous financial support, I am grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Education, Innovation and Universities (grants PG2018-093622-B-100, PID2021-122267NB-I00), the European Regional Development Fund, the University of Santiago and the Regional Government of Galicia (grant ED431B 2021/02)S

El lenguaje de los jóvenes británicos : estudio preliminar de los rasgos gramaticales de mayor relevancia

The language of teenagers has been the subject of extensive study in recent years due to its highly innovative nature and richness of expression. Most attention has been paid to the phonological and lexico-semantic levels of analysis; grammar and, more particularly, syntax have been addressed less frequently. In this study I focus on some of the most distinctive features of the lexico-grammar of this language, using data mainly from COLT (Bergen Corpus of London Teenage Language) and from the SCOSE corpus (Saarbrücken Corpus of Spoken English) plus other supplementary materials. At times, comparisons are made with a comparable sample of adult language extracted from the DCPSE (Diachronic Corpus of Present-Day Spoken English). The analysis here examines those lexico-grammatical properties which distinguish teenagers’ language from the language of adults. Under discussion will be, among others, the following grammatical features: the verbal and pronoun systems, the use of non-canonical tags, the system of negation, quotatives, the expression of vague language, ways of intensifying language and the use of abuse and insult words as vocatives.El lenguaje de los jóvenes ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios en los últimos años debido a su carácter innovador y riqueza de expresión. La mayoría de estas investigaciones se han centrado en los niveles fonológico y léxico-semántico. Su gramática y, más en particular, su sintaxis han sido estudiadas en menor grado. Este artículo se centra en algunos de los rasgos más característicos de la léxico-gramática de este lenguaje. Para ello se utilizarán datos de los corpus COLT (Bergen Corpus of London Teenage Language) y SCOSE (Saarbrücken Corpus of Spoken English), además de otro material complementario. En ocasiones se establecerán contrastes con el lenguaje adulto con datos seleccionados del DCPSE (Diachronic Corpus of Present-Day Spoken English). Este análisis servirá para examinar aquellos aspectos gramaticales que distinguen al lenguaje de los adolescentes del propio de los adultos. Se estudiarán, entre otros, los siguientes: el sistema verbal y pronominal, las coletillas no canónicas, la polaridad negativa, los verbos citativos, la expresión de la vaguedad, modos de intensificación y el uso de insultos como vocativos.The research reported in this article was funded by the Galician Ministry of Innovation and Industry (INCITE grant no. 08PXIB204033PRC-TT-206 and HU2006/14-0).S

Dinosaur swim tracks from the Lower Cretaceous of La Rioja, Spain: An ichnological approach to non-common behaviours

The reconstruction of behavioural patterns performed by non-avian dinosaurs is an important task of palaeontology in order to globally understand how these animals interacted with their environment. Their relation with aquatic lifestyles has always been an intriguing question that has been extensively studied during the last decades, especially focused on some specific groups. The present work describes a new tracksite with 27 swimming tracks located in a fluvial setting from the Lower Cretaceous Urbion Group of La Rioja (Spain). They are preserved as natural casts with sizes between 8.5 and 29.2 cm and a predominant orientation. The tracks have been classified into 6 different morphotypes according to their morphology, and grouped into 5 different categories depending on the different pes-substrate interactions, following the proposal of Romilio et al. (2013). Some tracks were produced while the animal was moving in partial or complete buoyancy, and displacement was conducted by water and sediment impulsion, not just a mere paddling. Other tracks could be impressed in a bottom-walked, when the trackmaker touched the digit tips on the ground vertically or sub-vertically. This new tracksite confirms the capabilities of some groups of non-avian dinosaurs to interact with shallow water environments where they could print their pedes as they moved, either in complete buoyancy or during a displacement with some vertical component in the water column. It also contributes to the better understanding of swimming track morphologies as especially dependent on pes-sediment interaction and environment more than differences in pes configuration itself, causing the high variability of swimming footprints even when they belong to the same trackway. The classification of swimming tracks and footprints into categories dependent on the pes-substrate interaction could be a good guiding principle to avoid problematics about ichnotaxonomical definition.Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEUniversidad de La RiojaConsejeria de Educacion y Cultura (Gobierno de La Rioja)Instituto de Estudios RiojanosMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y UniversidadesEuropean Regional Development FundUniversidad del País VascoMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovaciónpu

Revista de Vertebrados de la Estación Biológica de Doñana

Contribución al estudio de la bermejuela Rutilus arcasi, Steindachner, 1866 de la cuenca del Júcar (Osteichthyes: Cyprinidae)II. Edad y crecimientoSobre la taxonomía de Barbus comiza Steindachner, 1865 (Ostariophysi: Cyprinidae)Fenología de una comunidad de anfibios asociada a cursos fluviales temporales.Nueva especie para la ciencia de Anolis (Lacertilia: Iguanidae) de Cuba pertenecient eal complejo argillaceusSegregación ecológica en una comunidad de ofidios.El Aguila Imperial (Aquila adalberti): dispersión de los jóvenes, estructura de edades y mortalidaSobre diferencias individuales en la alimentación de Tyto albaInfluencia de las condiciones ambientales sobre la organización de la comunidad de aves invernantes en un bosque subalpino mediterráneoVariaciones en la agregación y distribución de la cabra montés (Capra pyrenaica Schinz,1838) detectadas con un muestreo de excrementosAlimentación del conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus L. 1758) en Doñana. SO, EspañaSobre la distribución de Barbus meridionales Risso, 1826 (Ostariophysi: Cyprinidae) en la Península IbéricaSobre la distribución de Barbus meridionales Risso, 1826 (Ostariophysi: Cyprinidae) en la Península IbéricaNueva cita de Barbus microcephalus Almaça (Pisces, Cyprinidae) en España.Revisión taxonómica y distribución de Cobitis maroccana Pellegrin, 1929 (Osteichthyes, Cobitidae)Datos sobre una población de Lacerta viviparaSobre la presencia de Emys orbicularis en la provincia de León.Algunas observaciones sobre la captura de quirópteros por Falco subbuteo y Falco tinunculusNyctalus leisleri (Kuhk, 1818) (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Una nueva especie para las islas CanariaNuevos datos acerca de la distribución del topillo campesino Microtus arvalis, PALLAS 1778, en la Península IbéricaPeer reviewe

Relationship between olive oil consumption and ankle-brachial pressure index in a population at high cardiovascular risk

Background and aims: The aim of this study was to ascertain the association between the consumption of different categories of edible olive oils (virgin olive oils and olive oil) and olive pomace oil and ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI) in participants in the PREDIMED-Plus study, a trial of lifestyle modification for weight and cardiovascular event reduction in individuals with overweight/obesity harboring the metabolic syndrome. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Consumption of any category of olive oil and olive pomace oil was assessed through a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression models were fitted to assess associations between olive oil consumption and ABI. Additionally, ABI ≤1 was considered as the outcome in logistic models with different categories of olive oil and olive pomace oil as exposure. Results: Among 4330 participants, the highest quintile of total olive oil consumption (sum of all categories of olive oil and olive pomace oil) was associated with higher mean values of ABI (beta coefficient: 0.014, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.002, 0.027) (p for trend = 0.010). Logistic models comparing the consumption of different categories of olive oils, olive pomace oil and ABI ≤1 values revealed an inverse association between virgin olive oils consumption and the likelihood of a low ABI (odds ratio [OR] 0.73, 95% CI [0.56, 0.97]), while consumption of olive pomace oil was positively associated with a low ABI (OR 1.22 95% CI [1.00, 1.48]). Conclusions: In a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk, total olive oil consumption was associated with a higher mean ABI. These results suggest that olive oil consumption may be beneficial for peripheral artery disease prevention, but longitudinal studies are needed

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

All-cause mortality in the cohorts of the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RIS) compared with the general population: 1997Ł2010

Abstract Background: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has produced significant changes in mortality of HIVinfected persons. Our objective was to estimate mortality rates, standardized mortality ratios and excess mortality rates of cohorts of the AIDS Research Network (RIS) (CoRIS-MD and CoRIS) compared to the general population. Methods: We analysed data of CoRIS-MD and CoRIS cohorts from 1997 to 2010. We calculated: (i) all-cause mortality rates, (ii) standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and (iii) excess mortality rates for both cohort for 100 personyears (py) of follow-up, comparing all-cause mortality with that of the general population of similar age and gender. Results: Between 1997 and 2010, 8,214 HIV positive subjects were included, 2,453 (29.9%) in CoRIS-MD and 5,761 (70.1%) in CoRIS and 294 deaths were registered. All-cause mortality rate was 1.02 (95% CI 0.91-1.15) per 100 py, SMR was 6.8 (95% CI 5.9-7.9) and excess mortality rate was 0.8 (95% CI 0.7-0.9) per 100 py. Mortality was higher in patients with AIDS, hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection, and those from CoRIS-MD cohort (1997. Conclusion: Mortality among HIV-positive persons remains higher than that of the general population of similar age and sex, with significant differences depending on the history of AIDS or HCV coinfection

¿Qué queda de mí?

Este libro es una reclamación a quienes hemos sido, somos o seremos docentes. A quienes no hemos respetado a las personas que se han puesto junto a nosotros y nosotras, confiando su bien más preciado: la libertad. Estas páginas denuncian cada vez que convertimos una visión en la visión, una emoción en la emoción, un saber en el saber, un comportamiento en el comportamiento. Es un grito contra la imposición, la normalización, la neutralización y la universalización de una perspectiva particular. Una pugna contra cada proceso que no se ha conectado con las vidas de los aprendices. Un texto colaborativo realizado por alumnado de Educación y Cambio Social en el Grado en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Málaga y coordinado por Ignacio Calderón Almendros

4to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

Este volumen acoge la memoria académica de la Cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2017, desarrollado entre el 29 de noviembre y el 1 de diciembre de 2017 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS) en su sede de Guayaquil. El Congreso ofreció un espacio para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de importantes investigaciones nacionales e internacionales ante la comunidad universitaria que se dio cita en el encuentro. El uso de herramientas tecnológicas para la gestión de los trabajos de investigación como la plataforma Open Conference Systems y la web de presentación del Congreso http://citis.blog.ups.edu.ec/, hicieron de CITIS 2017 un verdadero referente entre los congresos que se desarrollaron en el país. La preocupación de nuestra Universidad, de presentar espacios que ayuden a generar nuevos y mejores cambios en la dimensión humana y social de nuestro entorno, hace que se persiga en cada edición del evento la presentación de trabajos con calidad creciente en cuanto a su producción científica. Quienes estuvimos al frente de la organización, dejamos plasmado en estas memorias académicas el intenso y prolífico trabajo de los días de realización del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad al alcance de todos y todas