A RESPONSABILIDADE ADMINISTRATIVA DO ADVOGADO PÚBLICO PELO FATO DO PARECER EMITIDO NA NOVA LEI DE IMPROBIDADE ADMINISTRATIVA

: Administrative impropriety acquired meaning and relevance, increasingly growing, among the agendas of political-legal discussions in the country. Its close relationship with public morality and its political, administrative, civil and criminal impacts reveal the dynamism and complexity of the topic addressed in specific legislation recently amended. The present research seeks to investigate the changes and legal impacts of the new law of administrative impropriety (Law n. 14.230/2021), especially with regard to the defense of the agent by public law. For due confrontation, bibliographical and documentary research was the widely used methodology, combined with a detailed jurisprudential analysis of ADI 7042 and ADI 7043. In order to build a solid structure that would allow the specific analysis of the aforementioned constitutional remedies, at first, the concept and relationship between probity and administrative morality was critically addressed. Then, in the second part of the work, the functioning of the system of accountability for acts of improbity today in Brazil was specifically analyzed and, finally, in the third part, it was possible to draw conclusions about the reflexes and jurisprudential repercussions of the new law, with emphasis on the defense of the agent by the Public Advocacy.A improbidade administrativa adquiriu significado e relevância, cada vez mais crescentes, entre as pautas de discussões político-jurídicas no país. Sua estreita relação com a moralidade pública e seus impactos políticos, administrativos, cíveis e penais revelam a dinamicidade e complexidade do tema abordado em legislação específica recentemente alterada. A presente pesquisa busca averiguar as alterações e impactos jurídicos da nova lei de improbidade administrativa (Lei n. 14.230/2021), sobretudo no que se refere à defesa do agente pela advocacia pública. Para o devido enfrentamento, a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental foi a metodologia amplamente utilizada, combinada com uma análise jurisprudencial pormenorizada da ADI 7.042 e ADI 7.043. Para construir uma estrutura sólida que permitisse a análise específica dos remédios constitucionais mencionados, em um primeiro momento foi criticamente abordado o conceito e relação entre probidade e moralidade administrativa. Em seguida, na segunda parte do trabalho foi especificamente analisado o funcionamento do sistema de responsabilização por atos de improbidade hoje no Brasil e, por fim, na terceira parte, foi possível elaborar conclusões sobre os reflexos e repercussões jurisprudenciais da nova lei, com destaque à defesa do agente pela Advocacia Pública

Import substitution in Brazil between 1995 and 2000

This work estimates the import substitution process in Brazilian industrial sectors in a recent period and evaluates whether it is occurring naturally or is in part induced by some kind of external commercial policy. An index to measure import substitution was calculated for forty nine sectors of industry. A regression analysis with this index against effective tariffs and real effective exchange rate, during the period 1995-2000, shows that these variables (effective tariffs and real effective exchange rates) did affect the substitution index. From 1999 on, the influence of the exchange rate over the import substitution index was greater than the influence of the effective tariff, suggesting that the process of import substitution post the Brazilian currency depreciation occurred in 1999 contains elements that characterizes it as a "natural" process

The right to prevention and the challenges of reducing vulnerability to HIV in Brazil

The study evaluates the Brazilian response to the targets established by UNGASS for the prevention of HIV/AIDS. The analysis was based on national research, documents and information from the National Program STD/AIDS and on state-level action plans and targets. Brazil relies on various prevention policies to attain the UNGASS targets proposed for 2005. These include: addressing discrimination issues, promotion of HIV testing, distribution of condoms, needle exchange programs, discussion of sexuality in schools, prevention initiatives for sex workers and homosexuals and prevention in the workplace. These have resulted in increases in testing and condom use. Various challenges are discussed, including: overcoming discontinuity in action plans (particularly with more vulnerable groups), training prevention teams, increasing monitoring of quantity and quality of preventative actions and overcoming regional, racial and gender inequalities. It is concluded that the right to prevention is not a priority for entities of social control, nor is it on the social movement agendas. This contrasts with the right to better HIV treatment. In order to increase the efficacy of these programs, it is suggested that they be understood and incorporated based on the promotion and guarantee of human rights, thereby advancing the ethical/political debate at local and national levels.O estudo analisa a resposta brasileira em contraste com as metas estabelecidas para a prevenção do HIV/Aids pela UNGASS. Analisaram-se pesquisas nacionais, documentos e informações do Programa Nacional de DST/Aids e dos planos de ações e metas estaduais. O Brasil conta com vários programas de prevenção que atendem às metas da UNGASS propostas para 2005. Incluem o confronto do estigma e da discriminação, o estímulo ao teste anti-HIV, a distribuição de preservativos, a troca de seringas, a abordagem franca da sexualidade nas escolas, a prevenção entre trabalhadores do sexo e homossexuais e nos locais de trabalho, que resultaram no crescimento da testagem e do uso do preservativo masculino. Foram discutidos vários desafios: superar a descontinuidade das ações, especialmente junto a alguns grupos mais vulneráveis; capacitar equipes de prevenção; ampliar o monitoramento da qualidade e quantidade das ações de prevenção; superar as desigualdades regionais, de raça e de gênero. Concluiu-se que o direito à prevenção não é prioridade nas instâncias públicas de controle social ou nas agendas do movimento social, como tem sido o direito ao melhor tratamento dos portadores do HIV. Para ampliar a efetividade dessas ações, sugere-se compreendê-las e pactuá-las tendo como referência a promoção e garantia de direitos humanos, abrindo espaços para o debate ético-político no nível local e nacional

Light quality on growth and phenolic compounds accumulation in Moringa oleifera L. grown in vitro

All plant parts of the Moringa oleifera can contain relevant concentrations of phytochemicals with health benefits. Plants grown in vitro allow pathogen-free plant material production and rapid propagation, and this technique is widely used to obtain secondary metabolites. This study analyzed how light spectrum quality affects growth, chlorophyll, and total phenolic content in M. oleifera plants grown in vitro. M. oleifera seeds were inoculated in MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 0.7% agar and were stored under a controlled temperature, humidity and photoperiod. The light conditions tested were white fluorescent lamps (WFL) and light-emitting diodes (LED: 70% red + 30% blue), both standardized with a photon flux density of 58 μmol m-2s-1. Radiation emitted by WFL and LED did not influence stem germination, height, or diameter. However, WFL provided higher total chlorophyll levels. All plant parts germinated in vitro were analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD), and preliminary analyses revealed preferential synthesis of gallic acid derivatives in the leaves under LED radiation. For the total phenolic content, leaves under the LED and WFL irradiations showed 3.524 ± 0.054 and 3.805 ± 0.304 micrograms, respectively, of gallic acid equivalents per milligram of dry matter (μg GAE mg-1 DM). Light quality did not interfere with phenolic compound accumulation; however, it stimulated the preferential synthesis of gallic acid derivatives in leaves grown under LED radiation, and the evidence indicated that all evaluated organs synthesized nonpolar substances.All plant parts of the Moringa oleifera can contain relevant concentrations of phytochemicals with health benefits. Plants grown in vitro allow pathogen-free plant material production and rapid propagation, and this technique is widely used to obtain secondary metabolites. This study analyzed how light spectrum quality affects growth, chlorophyll, and total phenolic content in M. oleifera plants grown in vitro. M. oleifera seeds were inoculated in MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose and 0.7% agar and were stored under a controlled temperature, humidity and photoperiod. The light conditions tested were white fluorescent lamps (WFL) and light-emitting diodes (LED: 70% red + 30% blue), both standardized with a photon flux density of 58 μmol m-2s-1. Radiation emitted by WFL and LED did not influence stem germination, height, or diameter. However, WFL provided higher total chlorophyll levels. All plant parts germinated in vitro were analyzed via high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD), and preliminary analyses revealed preferential synthesis of gallic acid derivatives in the leaves under LED radiation. For the total phenolic content, leaves under the LED and WFL irradiations showed 3.524 ± 0.054 and 3.805 ± 0.304 micrograms, respectively, of gallic acid equivalents per milligram of dry matter (μg GAE mg-1 DM). Light quality did not interfere with phenolic compound accumulation; however, it stimulated the preferential synthesis of gallic acid derivatives in leaves grown under LED radiation, and the evidence indicated that all evaluated organs synthesized nonpolar substances

Growth curve and biochemical analyses of callus of ipê-branco (Tabebuia roseo alba (Ridl.) Sand.)

O entendimento das mudanças bioquímicas que ocorrem durante o crescimento e desenvolvimento dos calos pode fornecer subsídios ao processo de estabelecimento in vitro, permitir a determinação de substâncias presentes nestas estruturas como metabólitos secundários. Com o objetivo de determinar a curva de crescimento de calos de ipê-branco e analisá-los bioquimicamente, por meio da determinação de açúcares solúveis totais, de açúcares redutores, proteínas solveis totais e de aminoácidos, segmentos foliares de ipê-branco foram inoculados em meio MS suplementados com sacarose (30gL-1), ágar (6gL-1) e com 1mg. L-1 de 2,4-D associado a 2mg. L-1 de cinetina. O material foi mantido no escuro por 90 dias. A coleta do material foi feita ao cada 15 dias para as análises. A curva de crescimento de matéria fresca de calos formados a partir de explantes foliares de ipê-branco apresenta crescimento sigmóide, com cinco fases distintas. A repicagem dos calos para um novo meio de cultura deve ser realizada entre 60° e 75° dias cultivo. Teores máximos para açúcares solúveis totais e açúcares redutores foram observados no 45° dia de cultivo. As proteínas solúveis totais apresentaram maiores teores no dia da inoculação, reduzindo em seguida. Teores máximos de aminoácidos foram observados no 15° dia de cultivo

Organogênese em três espécies de Annona (Annonaceae)

This study aimed to evaluate, under in vitro conditions, the regenerative potential of leaves of three species ofAnnona (Annonaceae), A. squamosa, A. bahiensis and A. glabra, and hypocotyl and epicotyl segments of A. squamosa.In the first study, organogenesis was induced by inoculating the first leaves of three species of Annona in WPM mediumsupplemented with all combinations of concentrations of BAP (2.22, 4.44, 8.88 and 17.76 μM) and NAA (0.00, 1.34, 2.68and 5.37 μM). The cotyledons and first leaves of A. squamosa were also cultivated in the same culture media. In thesecond study, hypocotyl and epicotyl segments of A. squamosa were inoculated in a medium supplemented with differentconcentrations of BAP (0.00, 2.22, 8.87, 17.74 and 35.48 μM). The results showed that organogenesis in Annona leavesis dependent on the type of explant, genotype and auxin-cytokinin balance used. In A. squamosa, the cotyledons hadhigher organogenic potential for micropropagation. Multiple shoots were regenerated from A. squamosa hypocotyls andepicotyls, but the regenerative potential of the hypocotyl was higher than that of the epicotyl.Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar, sobcondições in vitro, o potencial regenerativo de folhas de três espécies de Annona (Annonaceae), A. squamosa, A. bahiensise A. glabra (Annonaceae), e de segmentos de hipocótilo e epicótilo de A. squamosa. No primeiro estudo, a organogênesefoi induzida através da inoculação de primeiras folhas definitivas das três espécies de Annona em meio WPM suplementadocom todas as combinações entre as concentrações de BAP (2,22; 4,44; 8,88 e 17,76 μM) e ANA (0,00; 1,34; 2,68 e 5,37μM). Nesses mesmos meios de cultura, também foram inoculados os cotilédones e as primeiras folhas definitivas de A.squamosa. No segundo estudo, segmentos de hipocótilo e epicótilo de A. squamosa foram inoculados em meio WPMsuplementado com diferentes concentrações de BAP (0,00; 2,22; 8,87; 17,74 e 35,48 μM). Os resultados mostraram quea organogênese em folhas de Annona é dependente do tipo de explante, do genótipo e do balanço auxina-citocininautilizado. Em A. squamosa, os cotilédones apresentaram maior potencial organogênico para a micropropagação. Múltiplasbrotações adventícias foram obtidas em hipocótilos e epicótilos de A. squamosa, porém o potencial regenerativo dohipocótilo foi maior do que o do epicótilo

Emotionally-relevant features for classification and regression of music lyrics

This research addresses the role of lyrics in the music emotion recognition process. Our approach is based on several state of the art features complemented by novel stylistic, structural and semantic features. To evaluate our approach, we created a ground truth dataset containing 180 song lyrics, according to Russell’s emotion model. We conduct four types of experiments: regression and classification by quadrant, arousal and valence categories. Comparing to the state of the art features (ngrams - baseline), adding other features, including novel features, improved the F-measure from 69.9%, 82.7% and 85.6% to 80.1%, 88.3% and 90%, respectively for the three classification experiments. To study the relation between features and emotions (quadrants) we performed experiments to identify the best features that allow to describe and discriminate each quadrant. To further validate these experiments, we built a validation set comprising 771 lyrics extracted from the AllMusic platform, having achieved 73.6% F-measure in the classification by quadrants. We also conducted experiments to identify interpretable rules that show the relation between features and emotions and the relation among features. Regarding regression, results show that, comparing to similar studies for audio, we achieve a similar performance for arousal and a much better performance for valence

Evaluation of the Rietveld method for the mineralogical characterization of airborne dust in a mining area

In this article, we present the results of the mineralogical quantification of airborne dust from an urban area located in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais in the vicinity of a gold mine. Three samples were collected at different points to assess spatial consistency. Results showed that the mineralogy, in relation to both major minerals and accessory minerals, is very similar for all samples, being predominantly composed of muscovite and quartz, which together account for around 60% to 75% by weight. The accessory minerals are clinochlore, albite, dolomite, calcite and kaolinite and the averages for each range from 4% to 13%. The only trace mineral with concentration below 1% was pyrite which has a concentration below 1%. The results provide an indication that the mining area is not the sole source of local dust, although the mine’s contribution is significant

Experiences on teaching alloy with an automated assessment platform

This paper presents Alloy4Fun, a web application that enables online editing and sharing of Alloy models and instances (including dynamic ones developed with the Electrum extension), to be used mainly in an educational context. By introducing secret paragraphs and commands in the models, Alloy4Fun allows the distribution and automated assessment of simple specification challenges, a mechanism that enables students to learn the language at their own pace. Alloy4Fun stores all versions of shared and analyzed models, as well as derivation trees that depict how they evolved over time: this wealth of information can be mined by researchers or tutors to identify, for example, learning breakdowns in the class or typical mistakes made by Alloy users. Alloy4Fun has been used in formal methods graduate courses for two years and for the latest edition we present results regarding its adoption by the students, as well as preliminary insights regarding the most common bottlenecks when learning Alloy (and Electrum).We would like to thank Daniel Jackson for the helpful comments and suggestions about the design of Alloy4Fun. This work is financed by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, within project UIDB/50014/2020. The third and forth authors were financed by the ERDF – European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation - COMPETE 2020 Programme and by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, within project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016826. The second author was also supported by the FCT sabbatical grant with reference SFRH/BSAB/143106/2018