Estudio de mejora de la calidad del agua para el olivar de riego de provincia de Jaén mediante la aplicación de herramientas SIG

El objetivo de este trabajo es el estudio, por medio de SIG, de la viabilidad de la utilización conjunta para el riego de olivar de aguas superficiales y subterráneas, para disminuir la salinización de acuíferos y los riesgos de contaminación por retornos de agua en la provincia de Jaén (sur de España). Se procede a evaluar las proporciones óptimas de los dos tipos de agua en función al umbral de salinidad a partil del cual puede afectar a la producción de la cosecha de olivar, y realizar mapas temáticos con el fin de evitar una acumulación excesiva de sal en el suelo. Se consideraron diferentes variables de la evaluación de riesgos, y un mapa temático para cada variable desarrollado por medio de análisis geoestadístico de los datos, utilizando el software de código abierto gvSIG. La herramienta basada en GIS fue una estrategia capaz de realizar mapas de mezcla de agua superficial y subterránea para disminuir los riesgos de salinización. Con este trabajo se expone la posibilidad de solucionar la afección de las superficies regadas en sus cuencas vertiente, desde las que la escorrentía superficial puede arrastrar sustancias contaminantes hacia áreas permeables a las que recarga, mediante la mezcla de agua de distinta procedencia, minimizando el riesgo de afección y vulnerabilidad de las escorrentías superficiales y aguas subterráneas frente a la contaminación

Aportación al estudio micosociológico de la provincia de León

Se muestran los resultados de algunas excursiones y el catálogo de las especies de macromicetes recolectadas en cada localidad.We show the results of some excursions with the catalogue of species rellected in each place

Milling and utilization of hexaploid triticale

Over one fourth of plant species are natural araphiploids (1). Triticale species are synthetic amphiplolds obteined by duplication of chroraosome numbor in sterile hybrids resulting frora internpecific crossee between speciea of the genus Triticum and rye (Sécale cereale). Pertinent literature concerning these synthetic speciea has boen recently reviewed by BRIGGLE (2). The first Triticale was obteined by RIMPAU in 1891 from a croas between hexaploid wheat and rye, In 1934, MÜHTZING (3) started a breeding prográmale to obtsin lines of octaploid Triticale for practical use» In 1950, SANCHEZ-MONGE atarted a similor programme to obtain triticales with 42 chromosomes and suggected that this ploidy level should be nearer the optimua than the octaploid (4, 5). In 1954, a Canndian prográmele to obtain high yield triticales v/aa initiated (6). As a result of these and other efforte, Triticale varieties are about to be released, SANCHEZ-MOITGE, at the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agronómicas in Madrid, is nultiplying the hexoploid variety "Cachirulo" for its immedla'te diffusion. Originally, this variety was intended as a substitute of rye, barley or oatB for animal feeding; and whole crop silage is quite s8tisfactory (7). However, its high yield under irrlgation has led us to reconsider its utilization as a wheat substitute. As a result of seed shriveling, triticale has a greater proportion. of peripheric endosperm and, consequently, a markedly higher protein content than wheat (20 % for triticale versus approximately 11 % for most Spanish wheets). On the other hand, seed shriveling results in lower milling yield. Improvement of triticale grain by breeding concomltantly reduces protein content

Luxación radiocarpiana con fractura asociada de la apófisis estiloides radial

Presentamos un caso de luxación dorso lateral del carpo con fractura asociada de la estiloides radial en una mujer de 28 años tras accidente de tráfico. No existieron complicaciones neurovasculares. El tratamiento consistió en reducción y fijación de la estiloides radial con agujas de Kirschner. Después de seis meses de evolución la paciente estaba libre de secuelas

Utilización del triticale hexaploide. I. Molienda experimental

Hoy se sabe que entre un cuarto y un tercio de las especies vegetales se han formado por anfiploidia natural (1). Las especies de Triíicale son anfiploides sintéticos, formados por duplicación del número de cromosomas de los híbridos estériles que resultan al cruzar una especie del género Triticum y el centeno (Sécale cereale). La literatura referente a estas especies sintéticas ha sido revisada recientemente por Briggle (2). El primer Triíicale fue obtenido por Rimpau en 1891, a partir de un cruzamiento de trigo hexaploide por centeno. En 1934, Müntzing (3) inició un programa intensivo para el desarrollo de líneas de Triticale octaploide, con fines prácticos. En 1950, Sánchez-Monge inició un programa similar para la obtención de Triticale de 42 cromosomas y avanzó la hipótesis de que este nivel de ploidía debería ser más próximo al óptimo que el octaploide (4-5). En 1954 se inició el programa canadiense para la obtención de triticales de alto rendimiento (6)

Decoherence due to an excited-state quantum phase transition in a two-level boson model

10 págs.; 8 figs.; 2 tabs.; PACS number s : 03.65.Yz, 05.70.Fh, 64.70.TgThe decoherence induced on a single qubit by its interaction with the environment is studied. The environment is modeled as a scalar two-level boson system that can go through either first-order or continuous-excited-state quantum phase transitions, depending on the values of the control parameters. A mean-field method based on the Tamm-Damkoff approximation is worked out in order to understand the observed behavior of the decoherence. Only the continuous-excited-state phase transition produces a noticeable effect in the decoherence of the qubit. This is maximal when the system-environment coupling brings the environment to the critical point for the continuous phase transition. In this situation, the decoherence factor (or the fidelity) goes to zero with a finite-size scaling power law. © 2009 The American Physical Society.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia and by the European regional development fund FEDER under Projects No. FIS2008-04189, No. FIS2006-12783-C03-01, No. FPA2006- 13807-C02-02, and No. FPA2007-63074, by CPAN-Ingenio, by Comunidad de Madrid under Project No. 200650M012, CSIC, and by Junta de Analucía under Projects No. FQM160, No. FQM318, No. P05-FQM437, and No. P07- FQM-02962. A.R. is supported by the Spanish program “Juan de la Cierva” and P. P-F. is supported by a FPU grant of the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia.Peer Reviewe

Microfluidic model of monocyte extravasation reveals the role of hemodynamics and subendothelial matrix mechanics in regulating endothelial integrity

Extravasation of circulating cells is an essential process that governs tissue inflammation and the body's response to pathogenic infection. To initiate anti-inflammatory and phagocytic functions within tissues, immune cells must cross the vascular endothelial barrier from the vessel lumen to the subluminal extracellular matrix. In this work, we present a microfluidic approach that enables the recreation of a three-dimensional, perfused endothelial vessel formed by human endothelial cells embedded within a collagen-rich matrix. Monocytes are introduced into the vessel perfusate, and we investigate the role of luminal flow and collagen concentration on extravasation. In vessels conditioned with the flow, increased monocyte adhesion to the vascular wall was observed, though fewer monocytes extravasated to the collagen hydrogel. Our results suggest that the lower rates of extravasation are due to the increased vessel integrity and reduced permeability of the endothelial monolayer. We further demonstrate that vascular permeability is a function of collagen hydrogel mass concentration, with increased collagen concentrations leading to elevated vascular permeability and increased extravasation. Collectively, our results demonstrate that extravasation of monocytes is highly regulated by the structural integrity of the endothelial monolayer. The microfluidic approach developed here allows for the dissection of the relative contributions of these cues to further understand the key governing processes that regulate circulating cell extravasation and inflammation

Utilización del triticale hexaploide. II. Ensayos reológicos y panificación

Se ha investigado previamente el fraccionamiento por molienda seca del grano de Triticale hexaploide y se ha llegado a la obtención de seis fracciones con características bien definidas y distintas (1). Cuatro de estas fracciones son potencialmente útiles en panificación y de interés nutritivo por su elevado contenido en proteínas. El propósito de este trabajo ha sido estudiar el comportamiento reológico de estas fracciones individualmente y en mezcla, así como investigar los problemas que pueda presentar su uso en panificación

Application of an unsteady flamelet model in a RANS framework for spray A simulation

[EN] In the present investigation the Spray A reference configuration defined in the framework of the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) has been modeled by means of an Unsteady Flamelet Model (USFM) including detailed parametric studies to evaluate the impact of ambient temperature, oxygen concentration and density. The study focuses on the analysis of the spray ignition delay, the flame lift-off length and the internal structure of the spray and flame according to the experimental information nowadays available for validating the results provided by the model. Promising results are obtained for the nominal case and also for the parametric variations (temperature, oxygen...) in terms of liquid and vapor penetration, ignition delay (ID) and lift-off length (LOL). The model permits to predict the ID and the LOL which constitute two parameters of key importance for describing the characteristics of transient reacting sprays. Valuable insight on the details of the combustion process is obtained from the analysis of formaldehyde (CH2O), acetylene (C2H2) and hydroxide (OH) species in spatial coordinates and also in the so-called phi-T maps. Important differences arise in the inner structure of the flame in the quasi-steady regime, which is closely linked to soot formation, when varying the ambient boundary conditions. Additionally, the auto-ignition process is investigated in order to describe in detail the spatial onset and propagation of combustion. Results confirm the impact of the ambient conditions on the regions of the spray where start of combustion takes place, so the relation between the local scalar dissipation rate and mixture fraction variance is also discussed. This investigation provides an insight of the potential of the USFM combustion model to describe the physical and chemical processes involved in transient spray combustion.Authors acknowledge that this work was possible thanks to the Ayuda para la Formacion de Profesorado Universitario (FPU 14/03278) belonging to the Subprogramas de Formacion y de Movilidad del Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte from Spain. Also this study was partially funded by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad from Spain in the frame of the COMEFF (TRA2014-59483-R) national project.Desantes, J.; García-Oliver, JM.; Novella Rosa, R.; Pérez-Sánchez, EJ. (2017). Application of an unsteady flamelet model in a RANS framework for spray A simulation. Applied Thermal Engineering. 117:50-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.01.101S506411