El conocimiento de las poblaciones del pasado a través de los restos óseos: Estudio preliminar de estimación del peso corporal a partir de Resonancias Magnéticas de cadera y reconstrucción del Índice de Masa Corporal en poblaciones arqueológicas

Proyecto fin de carrera en Biología Evolutiva y Biodiversida

Influence of Inappropriate Basic Sanitation and Lack of Access to Drinking Water in the Community Development of Azama, Otavalo Canton

This research work focuses on describing how inappropriate basic sanitation systems and the lack of accessibility to water suitable for human consumption (potable or safe) influence the community development of Azama. This urban community is part of the Otavalo canton. Through the identification of the characteristics of the basic sanitation service, access to safe water and the management classes implemented, as well as the particularities of the community development of the referred sector given the significance that each of these elements represents integral health, both physical and psychological of each human being at any stage of the life cycle. Throughout this research, it is possible to identify that the sanitation service and drinking water systems correspond to human rights that guarantee a dignified life for people and favor community development that strengthens the organization and participation of the community. However, there is still a lot to work from the public field and, where appropriate, also the collaboration of private entities to promote the comprehensive well-being of the inhabitants of the Azama community from their active social participation

Influence of Inappropriate Basic Sanitation and Lack of Access to Drinking Water in the Community Development of Azama, Otavalo Canton

This research work focuses on describing how inappropriate basic sanitation systems and the lack of accessibility to water suitable for human consumption (potable or safe) influence the community development of Azama. This urban community is part of the Otavalo canton. Through the identification of the characteristics of the basic sanitation service, access to safe water and the management classes implemented, as well as the particularities of the community development of the referred sector given the significance that each of these elements represents integral health, both physical and psychological of each human being at any stage of the life cycle. Throughout this research, it is possible to identify that the sanitation service and drinking water systems correspond to human rights that guarantee a dignified life for people and favor community development that strengthens the organization and participation of the community. However, there is still a lot to work from the public field and, where appropriate, also the collaboration of private entities to promote the comprehensive well-being of the inhabitants of the Azama community from their active social participation

Síntesis de nanopartículas de sílice para la funcionalización de textiles

Silica particles were obtained by the Stöber method, in order to analyze the feasibility of creating a pedagogical guide that allows apprentices to apply knowledge about nanotechnology for the functionalization of textiles. The assembly of the reactor was carried out with the instruments and equipment of the laboratory of the Textile and Leather Manufacturing Center, and, through a video, the reaction step by step was documented.According to the factorial experimental design, nine experiments were carried out, with two control variables: reaction time with the catalyst (0.5 hours, 1 hour and 2 hours) and quantity of the catalyst NH4OH at 30% (15%, 20% and 25 %). The samples were analyzed by SEM microscopy, finding that, with 1 hour and 20% of the catalyst, more uniform and smaller particles were obtained, while with 0.5 hours and 2 hours, the particles were more amorphous. Through the nanosizer particle size analyzer, it was obtained that the average is 349.5nm with a high dispersion. The product obtained has potential for use in fabrics as a waterproofing, self-cleaning and anti-puncture agent, since the particle size is small enough to be incorporated into thick fibers.It was concluded that during the process, it is essential to maintain constant agitation at 190 RPM and increase to a minimum of 400 RPM in the addition of the catalyst. It is recommended to analyze how the order of addition of the reagents and the synthesis of particles at ambient conditions influence the final size.Se realizó la obtención de partículas de sílice por el método Stöber, con el fin de analizar la viabilidad de crear una guía pedagógica, que permita a los aprendices aplicar conocimientos sobre nanotecnología para la funcionalización de textiles. Se realizó el montaje del reactor con los instrumentos y equipos del laboratorio del Centro de Manufactura en Textil y Cuero, y, a través de un video, se documentó el paso a paso de la reacción.De acuerdo al diseño experimental factorial, se realizaron nueve experimentos, con dos variables de control: tiempo de reacción con el catalizador (0.5 horas, 1 hora y 2 horas) y cantidad del catalizador NH4OH al 30% (15%, 20% y 25%). Las muestras se analizaron mediante microscopía SEM, encontrando que, con 1 hora y 20% del catalizador se obtuvieron partículas más uniformes y de menor tamaño, mientras que con 0.5 horas y 2 horas, las partículas resultaron más amorfas. A través del analizador de tamaño de partículas nanosizer, se obtuvo que el promedio es de 349,5nm con una alta dispersión. El producto obtenido tiene un potencial de uso en tejidos como impermeabilizante, autolimpiante y antipunzón, ya que el tamaño de partícula es lo suficientemente pequeño para incorporarse dentro de fibras gruesas.Se concluyó que durante el proceso, es indispensable mantener la agitación constante a 190RPM y aumentar a mínimo 400RPM en la adición del catalizador. Se recomienda analizar cómo influye el orden adición de los reactivos y la síntesis de partículas a condiciones ambiente en el tamaño final

Fortalecimiento de la ruta de atención de la conducta suicida

El documento hace un fortalecimiento a la ruta de atención de la ideación, intento y conducta suicida existente en el documento de la SED denominado “Directorio de rutas para la atención integral de las situaciones críticas que afectan las instituciones educativas distritales: guía para las instituciones educativas distritales de Bogotá"", a partir del trabajo realizado con las y los asistentes en los procesos psicopedagógicos de producción del conocimiento

Use of tocilizumab in kidney transplant recipients with COVID-1

Acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with coronavirus infection is related to a cytokine storm with large interleukin-6 (IL-6) release. The IL-6-receptor blocker tocilizumab may control the aberrant host immune response in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) . In this pandemic, kidney transplant (KT) recipients are a high-risk population for severe infection and showed poor outcomes. We present a multicenter cohort study of 80 KT patients with severe COVID-19 treated with tocilizumab during hospital admission. High mortality rate was identified (32.5%), related with older age (hazard ratio [HR] 3.12 for those older than 60 years, P = .039). IL-6 and other inflammatory markers, including lactic acid dehydrogenase, ferritin, and D-dimer increased early after tocilizumab administration and their values were higher in nonsurvivors. Instead, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels decreased after tocilizumab, and this decrease positively correlated with survival (mean 12.3 mg/L in survivors vs. 33 mg/L in nonsurvivors). Each mg/L of CRP soon after tocilizumab increased the risk of death by 1% (HR 1.01 [confidence interval 1.004-1.024], P = .003). Although patients who died presented with worse respiratory situation at admission, this was not significantly different at tocilizumab administration and did not have an impact on outcome in the multivariate analysis. Tocilizumab may be effective in controlling cytokine storm in COVID-19 but randomized trials are needed

COVID-19 in patients with haematologic malignancies: Effect of RNAemia on clinical outcome in vaccinated patients

Patients with haematologic malignancies (HM) COVID-19 have more severe disease, with increased risk of mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia and the specific humoral immune responses on the clinical outcomes of patients with HM and COVID-19.This study was supported by Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013‐2016 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases ( REIPI RD16/0016/0009 ); co‐financed by European Development Regional Fund ‘A way to achieve Europe’, Operative Program Intelligence Growth 2014‐2020; and supported by the grant PI21/01569 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the grant IM22/INF/13 from the CIBERINFEC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain. RA-M, LM, JMC, EC, JS-C and MA-G ( CB21/13/00006 ) and ZRP-B, and PP-P ( CB21/13/00012 ) were also supported by CIBERINFEC – Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Unión Europea – NextGenerationEU. JM-E was supported by a predoctoral health research training contracts from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III ( FI22/00025 ). JS-C is a researcher belonging to the program ‘Nicolás Monardes’ (C-0059-2018), Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Junta de Andalucía, Spain.Peer reviewe

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Famílies botàniques de plantes medicinals

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia, Assignatura: Botànica Farmacèutica, Curs: 2013-2014, Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són els recull de 175 treballs d’una família botànica d’interès medicinal realitzats de manera individual. Els treballs han estat realitzat per la totalitat dels estudiants dels grups M-2 i M-3 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos d’abril i maig del curs 2013-14. Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pel professor de l’assignatura i revisats i finalment co-avaluats entre els propis estudiants. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica

Carta de Psicología No. 52

40 páginasCómo saber cuán buena es la calidad de la educación en Colombia? Esta es la pregunta que se formularon los expertos en medición y pedagogía a principios de la década del ochenta, ante la necesidad de desarrollar indicadores que permitieran evaluar la calidad de los programas ofrecidos a lo largo del país. A pesar de que en esa época el Instituto Colombiano para el Fomento de la Educación Superior (Icfes) hacía pruebas de ingreso a la educación superior, no se evaluaba a los estudiantes en el momento de egresar para determinar la calidad de la formación recibida en su paso por las universidades públicas (Icfes, 2019). La travesía de implementar un modelo de evaluación de la educación inició con pequeños muestreos en municipios de todo el país. En estos se pretendía detectar el desarrollo de capacidades y competencias, para brindar un insumo a las instituciones de educación y que estas pudieran diseñar estrategias para cumplir con los estándares de calidad esperados para la época (Icfes, 2019). Una vez establecidas las primeras metodologías muestrales, el sistema adquirió un carácter más robusto que, a inicios del presente siglo, permitió censar a todos los estudiantes colombianos mediante los exámenes de calidad de la educación nacional en Colombia (Ecaes) (Icfes, 2019). Con el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías y el mejoramiento de la cobertura de Internet en el ámbito nacional, la tarea del Icfes se ha modernizado para diligenciar digitalmente los procesos de inscripción y recaudo. En el año 2009 se instituyó el mecanismo de las pruebas Saber como un sistema transversal a todos los niveles educativos (Icfes, 2019).CEIPS. Pruebas Saber: más allá de una evaluación... 1 Camila Garzón Emprendimiento: una oportunidad para el desarrollo profesional ..3 Carlos Alberto Gómez Rada Semilleros Semillas de Infancia. ..5 Leidy Natalia García; María Paula García; Jefferson Morales; Stiven Pérez; Paola Remolina; Karol Salinas Líder Juan Carlos Sarmiento Reyes Relación entre habilidades de inhibición y comportamiento altruista ...9 Leidy Johana Álvarez Leguizamón Líder: David Aguilar Análisis estadístico de la violencia interpersonal durante los años 2015, 2016 y 2017...14 Natalia Rodríguez Garnica; Paula Virginia Torres Pachón Líder: Ever José López Cantera Adolescencia, juventud y el Sistema de responsabilidad penal para adolescentes (SRPA) en Colombia ...19 Xiomara González Alarcón Líder: Julián Camilo Sarmiento López Niños habitantes de calle. .22 Valentina Quevedo Modificabilidad y enseñanza de la ortografía ...26 John Alejandro Sabogal Ardila, Adriana Carolina Santos Acevedo Líder: Olga Romero Errores de pensamiento: una guía práctica de conocimiento ..28 Karen Yineth Bernal Manrique, Daniela Gualtero Salazar, Jhoan Sebastián López Sepúlveda, Geraldine Sánchez Torres Líder: Olga Romero Empoderamiento lingüístico en el contexto educativo ...29 María Fernanda Trujillo Amaya, Gabriela Gutiérrez Paiba Líder: Olga Romero Enseñanza de la orientación espacial ..32 Daniela Bautista Riveros, Alexandra Forero Cruz, Diana Gómez Forero Líder: Olga Romero Solución de problemas, perspectivas e integración teórica... 35 Cristian Rincón, Valentina Gómez Líder: Olga Romero Deterioro cognitivo leve ...37 Danna Gabriela Aguilar Velandia Líder: Sandra Milena Camelo Roa Medios de comunicación en la salud alimentaria en niños...39 Luisa Fernanda D’Achiardi Gómez, Laura Melissa Arévalo Moreno Líder: Andrés Mauricio Santacoloma Suáre