Diagnóstico de estrés por sobrecarga basado en el modelo conceptual de Imogene King

El presente estudio de caso se realizó en un adulto trabajador de una institución pública costarricense. Se utilizó el Modelo Conceptual de Interacción de Sistemas de Imogene King y su teoría de Consecución de Objetivos. La metodología establecida para el estudio de caso fue a través de la aplicación del Proceso de Enfermería y la utilización del lenguaje taxonómico como indicador empírico para la planiicación del cuidado; NANDA en la expresión de diagnósticos, NOC para la Clasiicación de los Resultados de Enfermería (NOC) y NIC para la Clasiicación de Intervenciones de Enfermería (NIC). Se desarrolló un plan de cuidados priorizando las necesidades, con intervenciones que dieron respuesta a dichas necesidades. Como resultado se obtuvo la evidencia de la gestión del cuidado de enfermería en un ambiente laboral, a una persona con diagnóstico de estrés por sobrecarga

Ovine HSP90AA1 Expression Rate Is Affected by Several SNPs at the Promoter under Both Basal and Heat Stress Conditions

The aim of this work was to investigate the association between polymorphisms located at the HSP90AA1 ovine gene promoter and gene expression rate under different environmental conditions, using a mixed model approach. Blood samples from 120 unrelated rams of the Manchega sheep breed were collected at three time points differing in environmental conditions. Rams were selected on the basis of their genotype for the transversion G/C located 660 base pairs upstream the gene transcription initiation site. Animals were also genotyped for another set of 6 SNPs located at the gene promoter. Two SNPs, G/C−660 and A/G−444, were associated with gene overexpression resulting from heat stress. The composed genotype CC−660-AG−444 was the genotype having the highest expression rates with fold changes ranging from 2.2 to 3.0. The genotype AG−522 showed the highest expression levels under control conditions with a fold change of 1.4. Under these conditions, the composed genotype CC−601-TT−524-AG−522-TT−468 is expected to be correlated with higher basal expression of the gene according to genotype frequencies and linkage disequilibrium values. Some putative transcription factors were predicted for binding sites where the SNPs considered are located. Since the expression rate of the gene under alternative environmental conditions seems to depend on the composed genotype of several SNPs located at its promoter, a cooperative regulation of the transcription of the HSP90AA1 gene could be hypothesized. Nevertheless epigenetic regulation mechanisms cannot be discarded.Publishe

Study of the fetal and maternal microbiota in pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction and its relationship with inflammatory biomarkers: A case-control study protocol (SPIRIT compliant)

In general terms, fetal growth restriction (FGR) is considered the impossibility of achieving the genetically determined potential size. In the vast majority of cases, it is related to uteroplacental insufficiency. Although its origin remains unknown and causes are only known in 30% of cases, it is believed to be related to an interaction of environmental and genetic factors with either a fetal or maternal origin. One hypothesis is that alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiota composition, and thus alteration in the immune response, could play a role in FGR development. We performed an observational, prospective study in a subpopulation affected with FGR to elucidate the implications of this microbiota on the FGR condition. A total of 63 fetuses with FGR diagnosed in the third trimester as defined by the Delphi consensus, and 63 fetuses with fetal growth appropriate for gestational age will be recruited. Obstetric and nutritional information will be registered by means of specific questionnaires. We will collect maternal fecal samples between 30 to 36 weeks, intrapartum samples (maternal feces, maternal and cord blood) and postpartum samples (meconium and new-born feces at 6 weeks of life). Samples will be analyzed in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Nutrition and Food Technology Institute of the University of Granada (UGR), for the determination of the gastrointestinal microbiota composition and its relationship with inflammatory biomarkers. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the influence of gastrointestinal microbiota and related inflammatory biomarkers in the development of FGR. Trial registration: NCT04047966. Registered August 7, 2019, during the recruitment stage. Retrospectively registered. Ongoing research. Keywords: fetal growth restriction, gastrointestinal microbiota, inflammatory biomarker

Efectividad de un programa de salud bucal dirigido al personal a cargo del adulto mayor y personas con movilidad reducida durante el año 2021.

La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) (2020), estipula que la pandemia vivida en laactualidad por el Covid-19, ha afectado a toda la población mundial en lo económico, social;repercutiendo directamente en la salud y así mismo provocando la interrupción de los servicios, enespecial la salud bucal, de adultos mayores (AM) y personas con movilidad reducida (PMR).Objetivo: Desarrollar un programa de salud bucal dirigido al personal a cargo del adulto mayor ypersonas con movilidad reducida durante el periodo 2021. Metodología: Cuantitativo, diseño depretest y postest; 300 cuidadores a cargo de AM y PMR de 3 centros asistenciales de la ciudad dePamplona-España 2021, la información se obtuvo por medio de cuestionarios. Resultados: Seevidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas posterior a la implementación delprograma. Conclusión: Es importante mantener al personal de salud en continuo adiestramiento,y generar estrategias que permitan el abordaje correcto de esta población

Estudio de factibilidad para el montaje de un bar restaurante en el sector del Cable Manizales período 2017

CD-T 658.83 B868; 164 pLa presente investigación describe el plan estratégico de negocio para la posible apertura de un nuevo Bar Restaurante en el Municipio de Manizales, tomando como punto de partida la situación actual de este tipo de establecimientos para el año 2017, donde fue necesario realizar un amplio análisis situacional o del entorno y un análisis competitivo.Universidad Libre Seccional Pereir

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia Bogotá (Suba, Kennedy, Bosa, Ciudad Bolívar y Fontibón).

Los escenarios de violencia en Colombia siguen fuertemente marcados en diferentes poblaciones del país, afectando así, la cultura colectiva de los habitantes, sus tradiciones sociales y sus actividades económicas, dejando en ellos una mancha que los estigmatiza e impide surgir fácilmente en la sociedad. En la actualidad las víctimas del conflicto armado tienen que vivir, no, con los traumas que han dejado los actos violentos en sus comunidades, sino que deben luchar para tratar de encajar en una sociedad excluyente que difícilmente les brinda oportunidades. Por tanto, en el desarrollo del trabajo se emplea el enfoque de la narrativa y elementos como la foto voz que permiten entender la realidad de un contexto de violencia de una forma diferente y clara, exteriorizando los problemas de una forma creativa, posibilitando así que el emisor pueda expresar lo que siente en las imágenes obtenidas y que el receptor comprenda lo que realmente está pasando en un contexto determinado. Para esto se toma como base el lugar donde habita cada integrante del grupo, expresando a través del ejercicio de foto voz todos aquellos aspectos culturales y de violencia relevantes de cada contexto, mediante una forma de participación y empoderamiento que posibiliten estrategias de intervención en cada comunidad. Finalmente, las actividades realizadas en este trabajo de profundización y acompañamiento psicosocial en escenarios de violencia, permitió conocer a través del análisis de los relatos planteados, sentimientos de dolor y rechazo de las víctimas que a muchas impulsaban a replantear la situación actual que viven; en el trabajo también se observa una serie de preguntas circulares, estratégicas y reflexivas que conlleven a la creación y desarrollo de las estrategias de intervención planteadas y para finalizar se plasma el informe analítico y reflexivo de la experiencia del foto voz. Cada ejercicio permite un acercamiento real a estos contextos a los que se enfrenta un profesional de la psicología en su cotidianidad, en los que debe involucrarse, empoderarse y crear mecanismos participativos que logren establecer las mejores estrategias de intervención para un desarrollo colectivo favorable de la comunidad intervenida.The scenarios of violence in Colombia are still strongly marked in different populations of the country, thus affecting the collective culture of the inhabitants, their social traditions and their economic activities, leaving in them a stain that stigmatizes them and prevents them from easily arising in society. At present the victims of the armed conflict have to live, no, with the traumas that violent acts have left in their communities, but they must fight to try to fit into an exclusionary society that hardly offers them opportunities. Therefore, in the development of the work the narrative approach and elements such as the photo voice are used to understand the reality of a violence context in a different and clear way, externalizing the problems in a creative way, thus enabling the The sender can express what he feels in the images obtained and that the receiver understands what is really happening in a given context. This is based on the place where each member of the group lives, expressing through the exercise of photo voice all cultural aspects and violence relevant to each context, through a form of participation and empowerment that enable intervention strategies in each community. Finally, the activities carried out in this work of deepening and psychosocial accompaniment in scenarios of violence, made it possible to know through the analysis of the stories presented, feelings of pain and rejection of the victims that many urged to rethink the current situation they are living; At work we also observe a series of circular, strategic and reflexive questions that lead to the creation and development of the proposed intervention strategies and to finalize the analytical and reflective report of the photo voice experience. Each exercise allows a real approach to these contexts faced by a psychology professional in their daily lives, in which they must be involved, empowered and create participatory mechanisms that can establish the best intervention strategies for a favorable collective development of the intervened community. KeyWords: Violence scenarios, armed conflict, victims, psychosocial strategies, traumas

A comprehensive dataset of annotated brain metastasis MR images with clinical and radiomic data.

Brain metastasis (BM) is one of the main complications of many cancers, and the most frequent malignancy of the central nervous system. Imaging studies of BMs are routinely used for diagnosis of disease, treatment planning and follow-up. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has great potential to provide automated tools to assist in the management of disease. However, AI methods require large datasets for training and validation, and to date there have been just one publicly available imaging dataset of 156 BMs. This paper publishes 637 high-resolution imaging studies of 75 patients harboring 260 BM lesions, and their respective clinical data. It also includes semi-automatic segmentations of 593 BMs, including pre- and post-treatment T1-weighted cases, and a set of morphological and radiomic features for the cases segmented. This data-sharing initiative is expected to enable research into and performance evaluation of automatic BM detection, lesion segmentation, disease status evaluation and treatment planning methods for BMs, as well as the development and validation of predictive and prognostic tools with clinical applicability

Excess weight in relation to lifestyle habits in spanish first-year university students: differences between pre- and post-COVID-19—a serial cross-sectional study based on uniHcos project

The objective of this research was to study the relationship between the body weight and diet, physical activity, and other habits among freshmen students by sex, and to determine whether these habits have changed during the post-era of the COVID-19 pandemic. A serial cross-sectional study with data from 11 Spanish universities was carried out. In total, 10,096 first-year university students (73.2% female, mean age = 19.0 ± 1.5 years) completed an online self-administered questionnaire between 2012 and 2022. For some analyses, questionnaires were categorized by the year in which the survey was filled out as Before COVID-19, Lockdown, and New Normal. In total, 72.9% of participants were within the normal weight range, and 17.7% of men and 11.8% of women were overweight (p < 0.001). The students who did not meet the WHO criteria of physical activity, spent more than 7 h per day sitting, and skipped breakfast had a higher prevalence of obesity (p < 0.05). According to the period of study, the prevalence of overweight/obesity Before COVID-19 was 16.1% (95% CI: 15.4–16.9%), while in Lockdown the prevalence was significantly higher (20.2, 95% CI: 17.1–23.8) and in New Normal it was 18.9% (CI: 15.7–22.5). Moreover, the study suggests that during the Lockdown period, there was a reduction in the practice of physical activity and an increase in the prevalence of a healthy diet. For all these, it is necessary to propose public health interventions that improve the lifestyles of university students.Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad | Ref. 2010|145Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad | Ref. 2013|034Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad | Ref. 2020|030Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. PI16/0194

Morphofunctional and Molecular Assessment of Nutritional Status in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Systemic Treatment: Role of Inflammasome in Clinical Nutrition

Malnutrition in patients with head and neck cancer is frequent, multifactorial and widely associated with clinical evolution and prognosis. Accurate nutritional assessments allow for early identification of patients at risk of malnutrition in order to start nutritional support and prevent sarcopenia. We aimed to perform a novel morphofunctional nutritional evaluation and explore changes in inflammasome-machinery components in 45 patients with head and neck cancer who are undergoing systemic treatment. To this aim, an epidemiological/clinical/anthropometric/biochemical evaluation was performed. Serum RCP, IL6 and molecular expression of inflammasome-components and inflammatory-associated factors (NOD-like-receptors, inflammasome-activation-components, cytokines and inflammation/apoptosis-related components, cell-cycle and DNA-damage regulators) were evaluated in peripheral-blood mononuclear-cells (PBMCs). Clinical-molecular correlations/associations were analyzed. Coherent and complementary information was obtained in the morphofunctional nutritional assessment of the patients when bioimpedance, anthropometric and ultrasound data were analyzed. These factors were also correlated with different biochemical and molecular parameters, revealing the complementary aspect of the whole evaluation. Serum reactive C protein (RCP) and IL6 were the most reliable parameters for determining patients with decreased standardized phase angle, which is associated with increased mortality in patients with solid malignancies. Several inflammasome-components were dysregulated in patients with malnutrition, decreased phase angle and dependency grade or increased circulating inflammation markers. A molecular fingerprint based on gene-expression of certain inflammasome factors (p27/CCL2/ASC) in PBMCs accurately differentiated patients with and without malnutrition. In conclusion, malnutrition induces a profound alteration in the gene-expression pattern of inflammasome-machinery components in PBMCs. A comprehensive nutritional assessment including novel morphofunctional techniques and molecular markers allows a broad characterization of the nutritional status in cancer patients. Profile of certain inflammasome-components should be further studied as potential targets for nutrition-focused treatment strategies in cancer patients

Health-related quality of life in users of a physical activity program

ABSTRACT: Health related quality of life (HRQL) allows to assess people health status, and to design, implement and evaluate health programs. Objective: To determine the perception of HRQL in users of a physical activity (PA) program. Methodology: Cross-sectional study in 177 subjects belonging to a physical activity program. SF-36v1.2 questionnaire was used to assess HRQL; maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) was evaluated by the 2.000 meters test and prevalence of some cardiovascular risk factors was determined from medical records. Results: The higher average score for HRQL was in physical function (PF) 90,5 (SD: 10.8), compared with the lowest scores of body pain (BP) 78,1 (SD: 22,4) and vitality (VT) 78,1 (SD: 15,5). In smokers, hypertensive, diabetics, obese and people with low levels of physical activity most HRQL scores were lower (clinically and statistically significant differences). VO2max correlated with PF subscales (rho = 0.371; p = 0.0001), physical performance (rho = 0.177; p = 0.018) and BP (rho = 0.207; p = 0.006). Conclusion: The studied individuals have a good perception of HRQL; nevertheless, those who reported smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia and low aerobic power, had a reduced perception of HRQL; obese people showed improved scores in mental component domains and those with low levels of PA showed low scores in that component.RESUMEN: La calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) permite evaluar el estado de salud de las personas y diseñar, implementar y evaluar programas de salud. Objetivo: determinar la percepción de la CVRS en usuarios de un programa de actividad física (AF). Metodología: estudio transversal en 177 sujetos pertenecientes a un programa de actividad física. Se aplicó el cuestionario SF-36v1.2 para evaluar la CVRS; se evaluó el consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2máx) por medio la prueba de 2.000 metros y se determinó la prevalencia de algunos factores de riesgo cardiovascular a partir de las historias clínicas. Resultados: el puntaje promedio de CVRS más alto fue en el funcionamiento físico (FF) 90,5 (DE: 10,8) y más bajo en dolor corporal (DC) 78,1 (DE: 22,4) y vitalidad (VT) 78,1 (DE: 15,5). En las personas fumadoras, hipertensas, diabéticas, obesas y con niveles bajos de actividad fisica la mayoría de los puntajes de CVRS fueron más bajos (diferencias clínica y estadísticamente significativas). El VO2máx mostró correlación con los dominios funcionamiento físico (FF) (rho = 0,371; p = 0,0001), desempeño físico (DF) (rho = 0,177; p = 0,018) y dolor corporal (DC) (rho = 0,207; p = 0,006). Conclusión: las personas estudiadas tienen una percepción buena de la CVRS; sin embargo, en quienes reportaron tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, obesidad, dislipidemias y baja potencia aeróbica se presentó una menor percepción de la CVRS; las personas con obesidad mostraron mejores puntajes en los dominios del componente mental y aquellos con bajo nivel de AF mostraron puntajes bajos en dicho componente