The Chuacús Metamorphic Complex, central Guatemala : geochronological and geochemical constraints on its Paleozoic - Mesozoic evolution

The Chuacús Metamorphic Complex is located in Central Guatemala, between the Polochic and Motagua fault zones. It is made up of complexly intercalated, mafic and felsic high-grade gneisses, amphibolites, pelitic and quartzofeldsphatic metasediments and subordinate marbles. Mafic dikes and lenses metamorphosed to amphibolite and eclogite facies are tholeiitic and similar to mid-ocean ridge basalts. In contrast, metamorphosed intrusives (gabbro, diorite and granite) are calc-alkaline and have the geochemical signature of arc magmas. Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry U-Pb zircon geochronology allows the recognition of three episodes of metamorphism. The first eclogite facies metamorphism (M1) is bracketed between Ordovician magmatism in the northern Chuacús Metamorphic Complex and the neighboring Rabinal granitic suite; the second corresponds to an Upper Triassic period of arc magmatism and migmatization (M2); the third high-grade metamorphic event (M3) occurred during the Late Cretaceous. The tectonic evolution of the Chuacús Metamorphic Complex began during the Early Paleozoic as a basin in the Rheic Ocean that received detrital material from the Maya Block, Acatlán and southeastern México. The Chuacús Metamorphic Complex evolved to an active margin that subducted to HP conditions during the Mid- Late Paleozoic, and then was exhumed and involved in two tectonothermal events during the Upper Triassic and Late Cretaceous. The Chuacús Metamorphic Complex was accreted to the southern Maya Block during the Late Cretaceous, as a result of the convergent tectonics between the latter and either the Greater Antillean arc or the Chortís Block

EL SISTEMA DE INFORMACION CONTABLE COMO APOYO EN EL PROCESO DE ADOPCION DE LAS NIIF-PYMES EN CUCUTA

La presente investigación tuvo como propósito analizar dentro del proceso de adopción de las NIIF-PYMES que están viviendo las empresas en Colombia, como ha sido el uso del sistema de información contable con el cambio tecnológico si es capaz de brindar soporte a los nuevos requerimientos de información operativa y gerencial. Este estudio se fundamentó en los postulados teóricos de Mantilla (2015), Guerrero (2015), Estupiñan (2013), Rincón (2015), entre otros. Los métodos y técnicas usadas fueron de carácter documental y descriptivo, acompañados de un trabajo de campo con un diseño no experimental, transeccional, conformado por una muestra de 30 supermercados de la ciudad de Cúcuta. Se utilizó la encuesta como instrumento de recolección de datos construida con 31 ítems. Los resultados evidenciaron en un alto nivel el uso del sistema contable ha facilitado el proceso de adopción de las NIIF, que se ajusta a los nuevos procedimientos y documentación, no obstante, también opinaron en un nivel moderado que se deben incorporar mas informes gerenciales y los nuevos procesos han aumentado las responsabilidades del área contable. Las conclusiones obtenidas se refieren a que los supermercados se encuentran en pleno proceso de adopción de las NIIF y el cambio tecnológico se está incorporando en los sistemas contables al cual se le deben realizar algunos ajustes

Different healthy habits between northern and southern Spanish school children

Aim: Healthy habits are influenced by several factors such as, geographical location. The aims of this study were to describe and compare healthy habits within two populations of sixth-grade primary school children (aged 11-12 years) from Northern and Southern Spain. Subject and Methods: A cross-sectional study using two representative samples of school children was conducted. Participants came from Logroño (n=329), in the North and Granada (n=284), in the South of Spain. Socio-demographic and anthropometric variables, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, aerobic fitness, and healthy lifestyles were recorded. Results: Boys reported higher level of physical activity and aerobic fitness than girls (p=0.000). Southern school children reported significantly higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (♀: p=0.041; ♂: p=0.008), and lower aerobic fitness (♀: p=0.000; ♂: p=0.042) and hours of nightly sleep (♀: p=0.008, ♂: p=0.007) than Northern school children. Southern boys also reported lower levels of physical activity (p=0.013). There were slight or moderate correlations among all habits measured (physical activity, diet, screen and sleep time). Additionally, physical activity level was inversely related to body mass index in Northern boys (p=0.020) and Southern girls (p=0.024). Conclusions: Results showed differences in physical activity, eating and sleep habits, and aerobic fitness, according to geographical location. The relationships found among lifestyle habits indicate the need of health promotion interventions nationally and considering the differences discussed here

Targeting and retention of HPV16 E7 to the endoplasmic reticulum enhances immune tumour protection

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is where the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules are loaded with epitopes to cause an immune cellular response. Most of the protein antigens are degraded in the cytoplasm to amino acids and few epitopes reach the ER. Antigen targeting of this organelle by Calreticulin (CRT) fusion avoids this degradation and enhances the immune response. We constructed a recombinant adenovirus to express the E7 antigen with an ER-targeting signal peptide (SP) plus an ER retention signal (KDEL sequence). In cell-culture experiments we demonstrated that this new E7 antigen, SP-E7-KDEL, targeted the ER. Infection of mice with this recombinant adenovirus that expresses SP-E7-KDEL showed interferon induction and tumour-protection response, similar to that provided by an adenovirus expressing the E7 antigen fused to CRT. This work demonstrated that just by adding a SP and the KDEL sequence, antigens can be targeted and retained in the ER with a consequent enhancement of immune response and tumour protection. These results will have significant clinical applications

Evolución histórica de la Contratación Administrativa del Estado: la ficción de fiscalizar

El Estado tiene el deber de crear un marco jurídico adecuado para seguridad y eficiencia de las Contrataciones Administrativas. No obstante, nuestra historia legislativa nos demuestra que predomina una falta de visión y voluntad para regular lo referente a esta materia, y por consiguiente establecer controles que garanticen la actividad fiscalizadora de los órganos competentes